Drugs and the Synapse
... Chemical Events at the Synapse (cont.) 4. The neurotransmitters travel across the cleft and attach to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. 5. The neurotransmitters separate from the receptors. 6. The neurotransmitters are taken back into the presynaptic neuron, diffuse away, or are inactivated by ...
... Chemical Events at the Synapse (cont.) 4. The neurotransmitters travel across the cleft and attach to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. 5. The neurotransmitters separate from the receptors. 6. The neurotransmitters are taken back into the presynaptic neuron, diffuse away, or are inactivated by ...
Word tones cueing morphosyntactic structure
... 2010). However, the electrophysiological effect has only been seen to appear if the tonal contrast is realized within existing words (Roll et al., 2013), suggesting that it might reflect a process involved in the predictive function of word accents (signaling upcoming suffixes) rather than indexing ...
... 2010). However, the electrophysiological effect has only been seen to appear if the tonal contrast is realized within existing words (Roll et al., 2013), suggesting that it might reflect a process involved in the predictive function of word accents (signaling upcoming suffixes) rather than indexing ...
Electrical Activity of a Membrane Resting Potential
... • Many different types of sensory receptors – Ion channels on their cell membranes – Example: Stretch-sensitive receptors • Ion channel on a tactile sensory neuron that activates in response to stretching of the membrane, initiating a nerve impulse ...
... • Many different types of sensory receptors – Ion channels on their cell membranes – Example: Stretch-sensitive receptors • Ion channel on a tactile sensory neuron that activates in response to stretching of the membrane, initiating a nerve impulse ...
Complementary roles of basal ganglia and cerebellum in learning
... cortico-striatal synapses. The above RL model predicts that there should be different plastic mechanisms for the striosome and the matrix, which are respectively involved in the evaluation of current state and possible actions. Although it has been shown that cortico-striatal synaptic plasticity is ...
... cortico-striatal synapses. The above RL model predicts that there should be different plastic mechanisms for the striosome and the matrix, which are respectively involved in the evaluation of current state and possible actions. Although it has been shown that cortico-striatal synaptic plasticity is ...
Synapse
... serotonergic neurons, Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley brains were evaluated for tyrosine hydroxylase and 5-HT immunocytochemistry. No gross morphological differences in neuronal architecture or density were found in the ventral tegmental area or dorsal raphe nucleus of the two rat phenotypes. These re ...
... serotonergic neurons, Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley brains were evaluated for tyrosine hydroxylase and 5-HT immunocytochemistry. No gross morphological differences in neuronal architecture or density were found in the ventral tegmental area or dorsal raphe nucleus of the two rat phenotypes. These re ...
Phantom Limbs and Neural Plasticity
... Sea Lord to proclaim that he now had “direct proof ” for the existence of the soul. For if an arm can survive physical annihilation, why not the whole person? The first clear clinical description of phantom limbs was by Silas Weir Mitchell in 18721 (see review by Melzack2). Although there have been ...
... Sea Lord to proclaim that he now had “direct proof ” for the existence of the soul. For if an arm can survive physical annihilation, why not the whole person? The first clear clinical description of phantom limbs was by Silas Weir Mitchell in 18721 (see review by Melzack2). Although there have been ...
Dopamine: the rewarding years
... not act in isolation, but exist in a complex that includes regulatory and scaffolding molecules, which in turn could offer novel drug targets, but more importantly may hold the key to understanding how environmental factors produce long-term or irreversible effects on neurotransmission. As already m ...
... not act in isolation, but exist in a complex that includes regulatory and scaffolding molecules, which in turn could offer novel drug targets, but more importantly may hold the key to understanding how environmental factors produce long-term or irreversible effects on neurotransmission. As already m ...
Appendix S1 Relation of local short
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
A part of the cholinergic fibers in mouse superior cervical ganglia
... [14] T. Kosaka, M. Tauchi, and J.L. Dahl, Cholinergic neurons containing GABA-like and/or glutamic acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivities in various brain regions of the rat, Exp. Brain Res., 70(1988) 605-17. [15] J. Li, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, A. Neki, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, I ...
... [14] T. Kosaka, M. Tauchi, and J.L. Dahl, Cholinergic neurons containing GABA-like and/or glutamic acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivities in various brain regions of the rat, Exp. Brain Res., 70(1988) 605-17. [15] J. Li, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, A. Neki, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, I ...
The Complicated Equation of Smell, Flavor, and Taste
... directions, it reaches the cilia of the olfactory neurons where about 1000 specific receptor proteins are present. Specific olfactory receptor genes encode each protein. The discoverers of these genes were awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize.4 Because humans can see very well, we do not depend on smell too ...
... directions, it reaches the cilia of the olfactory neurons where about 1000 specific receptor proteins are present. Specific olfactory receptor genes encode each protein. The discoverers of these genes were awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize.4 Because humans can see very well, we do not depend on smell too ...
Berridge, K.C.Brain reward systems for food incentives and
... reward functions would persist largely normally, and may even serve as aids to eventually help spontaneously normalize eating behavior even without treatment. The answer to which of these alternative possibilities is best may well vary from case to case. Different eating disorders may require differ ...
... reward functions would persist largely normally, and may even serve as aids to eventually help spontaneously normalize eating behavior even without treatment. The answer to which of these alternative possibilities is best may well vary from case to case. Different eating disorders may require differ ...
The Roles of Dopamine - ETH E
... cortical target areas are often increased (Schultz, 1998). Both findings are not necessarily inconsistent since small differences in firing rates of dopamine neurons are hard to detect with single neuron recordings, and measurement methods for dopamine concentration have usually less temporal resolu ...
... cortical target areas are often increased (Schultz, 1998). Both findings are not necessarily inconsistent since small differences in firing rates of dopamine neurons are hard to detect with single neuron recordings, and measurement methods for dopamine concentration have usually less temporal resolu ...
![[10] P. Paul, J de Belleroche, The role of D-amino acids in](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/022394228_1-c70b74890df8cd7f8a841431fb6562f6-300x300.png)
[10] P. Paul, J de Belleroche, The role of D-amino acids in
... The significance of DAO in spinal cord was only recently highlighted when our group identified a pathogenic mutation in the DAO gene that was associated with ALS [9]. ...
... The significance of DAO in spinal cord was only recently highlighted when our group identified a pathogenic mutation in the DAO gene that was associated with ALS [9]. ...
Monitoring and switching of cortico-basal ganglia loop
... et al., 1999). Furthermore, contralateral visual neglect was reported to occur following the lesioning of the ILN in the cat (Orem et al., 1973) and humans (Watson and Heilman, 1979; Watson et al., 1981). Since a number of regions in the brain, such as the premotor, prefrontal, parietal, and sensory ...
... et al., 1999). Furthermore, contralateral visual neglect was reported to occur following the lesioning of the ILN in the cat (Orem et al., 1973) and humans (Watson and Heilman, 1979; Watson et al., 1981). Since a number of regions in the brain, such as the premotor, prefrontal, parietal, and sensory ...
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex - LIRA-Lab
... [63,100]. This view has partly been challenged by the demonstration that, beside its strong localization to the leptomeninges—where it is detected in the arachnoid and along the thin arachnoid trabeculae in the subarachnoid space—and to ependymal and choroid plexus (Fig. 2C,E), GAT-2 ir is also pres ...
... [63,100]. This view has partly been challenged by the demonstration that, beside its strong localization to the leptomeninges—where it is detected in the arachnoid and along the thin arachnoid trabeculae in the subarachnoid space—and to ependymal and choroid plexus (Fig. 2C,E), GAT-2 ir is also pres ...
Biological Bases of Bx Test
... provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior? a. temporal lobes b. sensory cortex c. frontal lobes d. parietal lobes e. Broca's area ____ 32. An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the a. angular gyrus. b. hyp ...
... provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior? a. temporal lobes b. sensory cortex c. frontal lobes d. parietal lobes e. Broca's area ____ 32. An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the a. angular gyrus. b. hyp ...
Non-coding-regulatory regions of human brain genes delineated by
... Background: The next big challenge in human genetics is understanding the 98% of the genome that comprises non-coding DNA. Hidden in this DNA are sequences critical for gene regulation, and new experimental strategies are needed to understand the functional role of gene-regulation sequences in healt ...
... Background: The next big challenge in human genetics is understanding the 98% of the genome that comprises non-coding DNA. Hidden in this DNA are sequences critical for gene regulation, and new experimental strategies are needed to understand the functional role of gene-regulation sequences in healt ...
Hereditary Pick’s disease with the G272V tau mutation shows predominant three-repeat
... Both brains showed moderate neuronal loss in CA1 and CA2, and severe loss in subiculum, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. The caudate nuclei had a normal appearance, but showed severe loss of large neurones in both brains. Neuronal loss in the substantia nigra was severe in brain I and mild in brain I ...
... Both brains showed moderate neuronal loss in CA1 and CA2, and severe loss in subiculum, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. The caudate nuclei had a normal appearance, but showed severe loss of large neurones in both brains. Neuronal loss in the substantia nigra was severe in brain I and mild in brain I ...
Psychology
... It is thought that REM sleep may stimulate the developing brain early in life. Newborn babies spend nine or ten hours a day – approximately 50 per cent of their total sleep time – in REM sleep. In adulthood, REM sleep only occupies approximately 20 per cent of our sleep time. The decrease in the amo ...
... It is thought that REM sleep may stimulate the developing brain early in life. Newborn babies spend nine or ten hours a day – approximately 50 per cent of their total sleep time – in REM sleep. In adulthood, REM sleep only occupies approximately 20 per cent of our sleep time. The decrease in the amo ...
General Cortical and Special Prefrontal Connections: Principles
... cortex with six layers; (b) the lateral prefrontal cortex is composed of eulaminate cortices. (c, i–iv) Cartoon depicts systematic laminar changes in cortical types depicted by shades of gray, from the simplest (i, ii, black and dark gray, collectively called limbic cortices), to eulaminate cortices ...
... cortex with six layers; (b) the lateral prefrontal cortex is composed of eulaminate cortices. (c, i–iv) Cartoon depicts systematic laminar changes in cortical types depicted by shades of gray, from the simplest (i, ii, black and dark gray, collectively called limbic cortices), to eulaminate cortices ...
the pattern of neurodegeneration in huntington`s disease
... adenosine A2a receptor binding in the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus externus and an increase in GABAA receptor binding in the globus pallidus externus. Second, intermediate neuropathological grades (grades 1, 2) showed a further marked decrease of CB1 receptor binding in the caudate n ...
... adenosine A2a receptor binding in the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus externus and an increase in GABAA receptor binding in the globus pallidus externus. Second, intermediate neuropathological grades (grades 1, 2) showed a further marked decrease of CB1 receptor binding in the caudate n ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
child development - Goodheart
... shaped and reshaped, which is greatest early in life. • principles of growth and development. Statements of the general patterns in which growth and development take place in people. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...
... shaped and reshaped, which is greatest early in life. • principles of growth and development. Statements of the general patterns in which growth and development take place in people. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...