fMRI - Rackcdn.com
... Activation patterns: activation about the lateral central sulcus in the expected somatotopic location for lower face sensorimotor cortex. Secondary somatosensory, premotor cortex, and SMA activation are also observed. Tongue movement will activate similar areas, but with primary sensori-motor cortex ...
... Activation patterns: activation about the lateral central sulcus in the expected somatotopic location for lower face sensorimotor cortex. Secondary somatosensory, premotor cortex, and SMA activation are also observed. Tongue movement will activate similar areas, but with primary sensori-motor cortex ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... between the objective and subjective quality assessments obtained using the neural network. The training part is sub-divided into normal sample and abnormal sample. These two samples are given to the mapping functions. In the testing part, the isolated points were identified and the testing images w ...
... between the objective and subjective quality assessments obtained using the neural network. The training part is sub-divided into normal sample and abnormal sample. These two samples are given to the mapping functions. In the testing part, the isolated points were identified and the testing images w ...
An Optogenetic Approach to Understanding the Neural Circuits of Fear
... here). This approach has not been demonstrated for PV interneurons, however, and can be nonoptimal for targeting specific cell populations. This is because most viruses have limited packaging capacity, making it necessary to use truncated versions of tissue specific promoters, which can reduce cell- ...
... here). This approach has not been demonstrated for PV interneurons, however, and can be nonoptimal for targeting specific cell populations. This is because most viruses have limited packaging capacity, making it necessary to use truncated versions of tissue specific promoters, which can reduce cell- ...
US Copyright Law
... A primary concern for neuroanatomists is to identify the patterns of connectivity in the nervous system in order to lay out the neural "highways" that allow information to get from one place to another. This problem is made complex by the fact that neurons are not wired together in a simple, serial ...
... A primary concern for neuroanatomists is to identify the patterns of connectivity in the nervous system in order to lay out the neural "highways" that allow information to get from one place to another. This problem is made complex by the fact that neurons are not wired together in a simple, serial ...
Full version (PDF file)
... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
~ Pergamon
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral
... Rehabilitative programs have been widely used for decades to treat people with cortical injury but to date, few well-controlled clinical studies document either the benefits, if any, from these programs or the conditions under which maximum benefits can be expected. Nonetheless, it is generally assu ...
... Rehabilitative programs have been widely used for decades to treat people with cortical injury but to date, few well-controlled clinical studies document either the benefits, if any, from these programs or the conditions under which maximum benefits can be expected. Nonetheless, it is generally assu ...
Mayberg HS, Lozano AM. (2009). Targeted electrode
... magnetoencephalography, and optical imaging) capable of quantifying a wide range of physiological parameters relevant to the study of major depression. In this brief overview, resting-state blood flow and glucose metabolism measures using PET are highlighted, as they make up the bulk of the publishe ...
... magnetoencephalography, and optical imaging) capable of quantifying a wide range of physiological parameters relevant to the study of major depression. In this brief overview, resting-state blood flow and glucose metabolism measures using PET are highlighted, as they make up the bulk of the publishe ...
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of
... body movements. Also, when looking at a shape, eye movements follow the shape contour. Because the form of objects can be outlined with different body parts, the brain basis of abstract form concepts may comprise sensorimotor, especially premotor cortex, where action representations are still somato ...
... body movements. Also, when looking at a shape, eye movements follow the shape contour. Because the form of objects can be outlined with different body parts, the brain basis of abstract form concepts may comprise sensorimotor, especially premotor cortex, where action representations are still somato ...
From sensorimotor learning to memory cells in prefrontal and
... modulation of extracellular calcium concentrations would therefore be most pronounced. Hence, experiments using visual stimuli should elicit stronger memory cell activity in the directly stimulated primary sensory areas, but not in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, where stimulus-elicited activation t ...
... modulation of extracellular calcium concentrations would therefore be most pronounced. Hence, experiments using visual stimuli should elicit stronger memory cell activity in the directly stimulated primary sensory areas, but not in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, where stimulus-elicited activation t ...
Ventral Intraparietal Area of the Macaque: Anatomic Location and
... (0.25’ ) at the center of the screen, was generated by a stationary LED projector. A fixation point could be placed anywhere on the screen by using one of the optic bench stimuli. The same small spots used for testing direction and speed selectivity were also used for testing saccade and pursuit-rel ...
... (0.25’ ) at the center of the screen, was generated by a stationary LED projector. A fixation point could be placed anywhere on the screen by using one of the optic bench stimuli. The same small spots used for testing direction and speed selectivity were also used for testing saccade and pursuit-rel ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... unfolded cerebral hemisphere simulation17 that exposed cortex within the sulci. The results of the studies are extremely valuable, in that they demonstrated projections from a number of occipital visual areas with superficial SC injections and frontal and parietal visuomotor areas with deeper SC inj ...
... unfolded cerebral hemisphere simulation17 that exposed cortex within the sulci. The results of the studies are extremely valuable, in that they demonstrated projections from a number of occipital visual areas with superficial SC injections and frontal and parietal visuomotor areas with deeper SC inj ...
Induced Spreading Depression Evokes Cell Division of
... waves” initiated at the sperm entry site in mammalian eggs have been related to levels of cell cycle regulating factors.9 These evidences suggest that SD, SD-like depolarizing waves, or calcium waves are an endogenous activation signal for germinative cells and neural progenitors to divide. ...
... waves” initiated at the sperm entry site in mammalian eggs have been related to levels of cell cycle regulating factors.9 These evidences suggest that SD, SD-like depolarizing waves, or calcium waves are an endogenous activation signal for germinative cells and neural progenitors to divide. ...
choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation
... systems of the cerebral cortex. As sensory and motor physiologists traced input and output pathways deeper into the brain, they often found themselves studying the same central brain structures from different perspectives. Because decision making forms a key link between sensation and action, some o ...
... systems of the cerebral cortex. As sensory and motor physiologists traced input and output pathways deeper into the brain, they often found themselves studying the same central brain structures from different perspectives. Because decision making forms a key link between sensation and action, some o ...
Does Mental Activity Change the Oxidative Metabolism of the Brain?
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
from discrete neuronal ensembles to serial order
... (Braitenberg and Schüz, 1998). In addition, there are connections between most homotopic areas of the two hemispheres. Thus, long-distance links directly connect many, though not all, cortical areas. An important feature of cortico-cortical connectivity is that the overwhelming majority of between-a ...
... (Braitenberg and Schüz, 1998). In addition, there are connections between most homotopic areas of the two hemispheres. Thus, long-distance links directly connect many, though not all, cortical areas. An important feature of cortico-cortical connectivity is that the overwhelming majority of between-a ...
Perception of three-dimensional structure from motion
... of motion gradient information. This 3-D surface computation may operate within MT, or may utilize the cells in MST which have been previously shown to be selective to various gradients and patterns of motion26–30. By using transparent motions, we have been able to establish that area MT is intimate ...
... of motion gradient information. This 3-D surface computation may operate within MT, or may utilize the cells in MST which have been previously shown to be selective to various gradients and patterns of motion26–30. By using transparent motions, we have been able to establish that area MT is intimate ...
Processing of complex stimuli and natural scenes in the visual cortex
... neurons are probed with more natural stimuli. However, with the classical reverse correlation technique it is not possible to use natural stimuli for methodological reasons: the correlations inherent to natural stimuli spoil the obtained RF estimate [14]. In contrast to the pixel white noise, which ...
... neurons are probed with more natural stimuli. However, with the classical reverse correlation technique it is not possible to use natural stimuli for methodological reasons: the correlations inherent to natural stimuli spoil the obtained RF estimate [14]. In contrast to the pixel white noise, which ...
Sleep and sleep states: Thalamic regulation
... the cortex. However, cutting intracortical connections has no effect on large-scale synchrony, so cortical connections are not responsible for organizing the synchrony of sleep spindles. The mechanisms for large-scale synchrony were investigated by computational models by first simulating the propag ...
... the cortex. However, cutting intracortical connections has no effect on large-scale synchrony, so cortical connections are not responsible for organizing the synchrony of sleep spindles. The mechanisms for large-scale synchrony were investigated by computational models by first simulating the propag ...
lecture 12 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
... nucleus cuneatus (from upper body) in the medulla. • Axons from these nuclei cross the medulla and ascend to thalamus. ...
... nucleus cuneatus (from upper body) in the medulla. • Axons from these nuclei cross the medulla and ascend to thalamus. ...
Interfacing Real-Time Spiking I/O with the SpiNNaker neuromimetic
... this Kephera study a NIOS 16-bit processor implemented on an FPGA was used both to mediate between real world sensors and actuators, and to implement the neural network cells. In a similar way, the robot DARWIN V [10] was able to present complex behaviours based on the perception of the world throug ...
... this Kephera study a NIOS 16-bit processor implemented on an FPGA was used both to mediate between real world sensors and actuators, and to implement the neural network cells. In a similar way, the robot DARWIN V [10] was able to present complex behaviours based on the perception of the world throug ...
Calculating Consequences - Human Reward and Decision Making lab
... mOFC ( p ⬍ 0.05, SVC) (Fig. 3B), and the dorsomedial striatum (specifically anterior medial caudate nucleus; p ⬍ 0.001 uncorrected) (Fig. 3C) (see supplemental Table 2, available at www. jneurosci.org as supplemental material). We then looked at a finer 200 ms time scale to see how neural activity i ...
... mOFC ( p ⬍ 0.05, SVC) (Fig. 3B), and the dorsomedial striatum (specifically anterior medial caudate nucleus; p ⬍ 0.001 uncorrected) (Fig. 3C) (see supplemental Table 2, available at www. jneurosci.org as supplemental material). We then looked at a finer 200 ms time scale to see how neural activity i ...
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour
... condition differs from the other three conditions in terms of reaction time and errors. Therefore, we also performed a planned contrast, using the following contrast weights: +3 for contralateral-movement-to-dots and –1 for the three other conditions. This allowed us to test our hypothesis that brai ...
... condition differs from the other three conditions in terms of reaction time and errors. Therefore, we also performed a planned contrast, using the following contrast weights: +3 for contralateral-movement-to-dots and –1 for the three other conditions. This allowed us to test our hypothesis that brai ...
Dynamical systems view
... movement without minimal variation. • Preparatory state predicts both RT and trial-to-trial variability. • Rotational PMd firing rate dynamics form a basis for more complex muscular activity. ...
... movement without minimal variation. • Preparatory state predicts both RT and trial-to-trial variability. • Rotational PMd firing rate dynamics form a basis for more complex muscular activity. ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.