What is the function of the claustrum? - Christof Koch
... this article? A key property of conscious sensations is their integrated nature. You are not aware of isolated percepts, but of a single, unifying experience. When holding a rose, you smell its fragrance and see its red petals while feeling its textured stem with your fingers. The philosopher Searle ...
... this article? A key property of conscious sensations is their integrated nature. You are not aware of isolated percepts, but of a single, unifying experience. When holding a rose, you smell its fragrance and see its red petals while feeling its textured stem with your fingers. The philosopher Searle ...
the premotor cortex of the monkey
... msec allowed from the onset time of the go signal to reach the target key (part 4, Fig. 1). Depression of the target key, regardless of whether it was rewarded, was followed by one of eight randomly determined “intertrial intervals” (0.8 to 2.4 set) during which the monkey was required to continue d ...
... msec allowed from the onset time of the go signal to reach the target key (part 4, Fig. 1). Depression of the target key, regardless of whether it was rewarded, was followed by one of eight randomly determined “intertrial intervals” (0.8 to 2.4 set) during which the monkey was required to continue d ...
Distributed patterns of reactivation predict vividness of recollection.
... 2014; Vilberg & Rugg, 2008). MVPA has been used successfully to identify brain structures that fall under the first category, that is, structures whose activity at retrieval is content sensitive. On the other hand, only a few studies have addressed how content-general memory processes promote the di ...
... 2014; Vilberg & Rugg, 2008). MVPA has been used successfully to identify brain structures that fall under the first category, that is, structures whose activity at retrieval is content sensitive. On the other hand, only a few studies have addressed how content-general memory processes promote the di ...
Corticofugal Modulation of Initial Sound
... implements top-down selection. The behavioral characteristics of automatic sound selection determine that the underlying neural substrate must be a back projection system and is able to implement selective sound processing based on auditory information already registered in the higher auditory proce ...
... implements top-down selection. The behavioral characteristics of automatic sound selection determine that the underlying neural substrate must be a back projection system and is able to implement selective sound processing based on auditory information already registered in the higher auditory proce ...
The Representation of Biological Classes in the Human Brain
... Evidence of category specificity from neuroimaging in the human visual system is generally limited to a few relatively coarse categorical distinctions— e.g., faces versus bodies, or animals versus artifacts—leaving unknown the neural underpinnings of fine-grained category structure within these larg ...
... Evidence of category specificity from neuroimaging in the human visual system is generally limited to a few relatively coarse categorical distinctions— e.g., faces versus bodies, or animals versus artifacts—leaving unknown the neural underpinnings of fine-grained category structure within these larg ...
Impact of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase
... function of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase, in relation to dendrite morphogenesis has been elaborated. Mirror neuron system dysfunction may underlie a self-other matching impairment which has been suggested to account for autism. The hypotheses of deficit an impaired mirror neuron function in ...
... function of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase, in relation to dendrite morphogenesis has been elaborated. Mirror neuron system dysfunction may underlie a self-other matching impairment which has been suggested to account for autism. The hypotheses of deficit an impaired mirror neuron function in ...
PDF
... approach to demonstrate that the latter phenomenon is a natural consequence of the former. In particular, we show that weak pairwise correlations of the inputs to a compartmental model of a layer V pyramidal cell can induce bimodality in its membrane potential. We show how this relationship can acco ...
... approach to demonstrate that the latter phenomenon is a natural consequence of the former. In particular, we show that weak pairwise correlations of the inputs to a compartmental model of a layer V pyramidal cell can induce bimodality in its membrane potential. We show how this relationship can acco ...
An ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebrain and the
... As we will see below (section 4) all extant and fossil vertebrates possess an optic chiasm. The model is therefore based on the hypothesis that an ancestor of all vertebrates has turned on its left side, by a 90° turn about the body axis (i.e. anti-clockwise from the perspective of the embryo). As t ...
... As we will see below (section 4) all extant and fossil vertebrates possess an optic chiasm. The model is therefore based on the hypothesis that an ancestor of all vertebrates has turned on its left side, by a 90° turn about the body axis (i.e. anti-clockwise from the perspective of the embryo). As t ...
Corticofugal Amplification of Subcortical Responses to Single Tone
... bat, Eptesicus fuscus, the corticofugal pathway modulates auditory responses of collicular neurons only by inhibition. If they are correct, a large cortical inactivation should eliminate inhibition in the IC and should increase collicular auditory responses. However, if the excitation due to positiv ...
... bat, Eptesicus fuscus, the corticofugal pathway modulates auditory responses of collicular neurons only by inhibition. If they are correct, a large cortical inactivation should eliminate inhibition in the IC and should increase collicular auditory responses. However, if the excitation due to positiv ...
HYPOTHALAMUS
... Plate 29 shows the relationship of troph-hormone producing cells to fenestrated capillaries in the anterior pituitary. The magno- and parvocellular cell groups producing the hypothalamic hormones receive a variety of stimuli from different parts of the brain, primarily within the hypothalamus, but ...
... Plate 29 shows the relationship of troph-hormone producing cells to fenestrated capillaries in the anterior pituitary. The magno- and parvocellular cell groups producing the hypothalamic hormones receive a variety of stimuli from different parts of the brain, primarily within the hypothalamus, but ...
Critical Branching Neural Computation, Neural Avalanches, and 1/f Scaling
... model that self-tunes to a critical branching point, and in doing so exhibits both neural avalanches and 1/f scaling. Moreover, deviations from both scaling laws are exhibited as the model moves either toward subcritical or supercritical phases, and memory capacity is maximized near the critical bra ...
... model that self-tunes to a critical branching point, and in doing so exhibits both neural avalanches and 1/f scaling. Moreover, deviations from both scaling laws are exhibited as the model moves either toward subcritical or supercritical phases, and memory capacity is maximized near the critical bra ...
Beyond dreams: do sleep-related movements
... or to direct stimulation from the brainstem. Here I aim to make room within that hypothesis for twitch-related sensory feedback as a source of indirect stimulation of the forebrain. But to provide a more prominent place for twitching within the ontogenetic hypothesis and its central theme of activit ...
... or to direct stimulation from the brainstem. Here I aim to make room within that hypothesis for twitch-related sensory feedback as a source of indirect stimulation of the forebrain. But to provide a more prominent place for twitching within the ontogenetic hypothesis and its central theme of activit ...
neural correlates of associative face memory in
... we compared the neuronal responses to the best abstract-pattern cue during correct performance of the APA task, and the neuronal responses to the same abstract-pattern cue during erroneous trials of the APA task, for the 33 associative pair-selective neurons in ...
... we compared the neuronal responses to the best abstract-pattern cue during correct performance of the APA task, and the neuronal responses to the same abstract-pattern cue during erroneous trials of the APA task, for the 33 associative pair-selective neurons in ...
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format
... standard template. During normalization, the functional volumes were resampled to a 3 3 3 3 3--mm3 resolution. Last, functional images were smoothed using an isotropic Gaussian kernel (full-width at halfmaximum = 8 mm). Functional data were subjected to a general linear model analysis as implemented ...
... standard template. During normalization, the functional volumes were resampled to a 3 3 3 3 3--mm3 resolution. Last, functional images were smoothed using an isotropic Gaussian kernel (full-width at halfmaximum = 8 mm). Functional data were subjected to a general linear model analysis as implemented ...
Horizontal Interactions in Cat Striate Cortex: 1. Anatomical Substrate
... FB was dissolved at a concentration of 5 % in distilled water, DY at a concentration of 2% in distilled water and FG was dissolved at a concentration of 3 % in 0.2 M phosphate buffer (PB) and injected in amounts of 500 nl. RBs were applied via Hamilton syringe in amounts of 100 nl. In most cases the ...
... FB was dissolved at a concentration of 5 % in distilled water, DY at a concentration of 2% in distilled water and FG was dissolved at a concentration of 3 % in 0.2 M phosphate buffer (PB) and injected in amounts of 500 nl. RBs were applied via Hamilton syringe in amounts of 100 nl. In most cases the ...
Motor System & Behavior
... • All observable behavior is directly related to activity in the motor system. • Without the motor system, we could experience sensation, think, reason, problem solve, read, write, and do mental math, but we would not be able to communicate our thoughts and abilities to anyone. ...
... • All observable behavior is directly related to activity in the motor system. • Without the motor system, we could experience sensation, think, reason, problem solve, read, write, and do mental math, but we would not be able to communicate our thoughts and abilities to anyone. ...
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... The long axis of the corpuscle is usually oriented parallel to the stretch lines in skin; thus, Ruffini’s corpuscles are particularly sensitive to the cutaneous stretching produced by digit or limb movements. They account for about 20% of the receptors in the human hand and do not elicit any particu ...
... The long axis of the corpuscle is usually oriented parallel to the stretch lines in skin; thus, Ruffini’s corpuscles are particularly sensitive to the cutaneous stretching produced by digit or limb movements. They account for about 20% of the receptors in the human hand and do not elicit any particu ...
Striate cortex increases contrast gain of macaque LGN neurons
... drifting sine-wave gratings modulated in luminance before, during, and after reversible cooling of the ipsilateral striate cortex. In addition, we were also able to hold a subset of five parvocellular neurons long enough after the luminance studies were completed to carry out a second cooling cycle ...
... drifting sine-wave gratings modulated in luminance before, during, and after reversible cooling of the ipsilateral striate cortex. In addition, we were also able to hold a subset of five parvocellular neurons long enough after the luminance studies were completed to carry out a second cooling cycle ...
Chapter 6 — Gross Anatomy of the Brain
... As the brain grows in size and complexity, these regions ...
... As the brain grows in size and complexity, these regions ...
A perceptual representation in the frontal eye field during covert
... then were defined as the beginnings and ends of the monotonic changes in eye position that lasted for at least 10 ms. A lever turn was defined as a turn > 15 from vertical. The beginning and end of each lever turn were defined as the beginning and end of the monotonic change in lever position before a ...
... then were defined as the beginnings and ends of the monotonic changes in eye position that lasted for at least 10 ms. A lever turn was defined as a turn > 15 from vertical. The beginning and end of each lever turn were defined as the beginning and end of the monotonic change in lever position before a ...
Pathways for emotions and memory
... The anterior thalamic nuclei are a key link in pathways associated with emotions and memory. In the preceding study we found that one of the anterior nuclei, the anterior medial (AM), had particularly robust connections with specific medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and moderate connecti ...
... The anterior thalamic nuclei are a key link in pathways associated with emotions and memory. In the preceding study we found that one of the anterior nuclei, the anterior medial (AM), had particularly robust connections with specific medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and moderate connecti ...
Brain Storm - School of Rehabilitation Therapy
... arteries. The internal carotid arteries make a characteristic 900 turn transversely as they enter the skull. Upon entering the skull they traverse the cavernous sinus. The internal carotid then makes another characteristic turn known as the carotid siphon (s-shaped) before giving off two main termin ...
... arteries. The internal carotid arteries make a characteristic 900 turn transversely as they enter the skull. Upon entering the skull they traverse the cavernous sinus. The internal carotid then makes another characteristic turn known as the carotid siphon (s-shaped) before giving off two main termin ...
Mistaken Memories: Remembering Events That Never
... of an event might lead to the formation of a memory trace that is indistinguishable from the trace that would have been formed had the event actually been perceived. These general mechanisms might be applied to false memory phenomena such as the effects of misleading questions on eyewitness testimon ...
... of an event might lead to the formation of a memory trace that is indistinguishable from the trace that would have been formed had the event actually been perceived. These general mechanisms might be applied to false memory phenomena such as the effects of misleading questions on eyewitness testimon ...
Fact vs fiction—how paratextual information
... social abilities (Mar et al., 2006) speaks in favor to that assumption. If the neural processes underlying reading fiction recruit the lateral PFC because they resemble those involved in mind-wandering and the imagination of hypothetical events, it seems reasonable to assume that the strength of lat ...
... social abilities (Mar et al., 2006) speaks in favor to that assumption. If the neural processes underlying reading fiction recruit the lateral PFC because they resemble those involved in mind-wandering and the imagination of hypothetical events, it seems reasonable to assume that the strength of lat ...
Network structure underlying resolution of conflicting non
... Social judgments often require resolution of incongruity in communication contents. Although previous studies revealed that such conflict resolution recruits brain regions including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pIFG), functional relationships and networks ...
... Social judgments often require resolution of incongruity in communication contents. Although previous studies revealed that such conflict resolution recruits brain regions including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pIFG), functional relationships and networks ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.