View PDF - Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
... In a recent comparison of IL and PL projections in the rat, we showed that, with a few exceptions, PL and IL distribute differently throughout the brain (Vertes, 2004). These differential patterns of projections are summarized in Fig. 1. As illustrated (Fig. 1), IL distributes significantly to: (1) ...
... In a recent comparison of IL and PL projections in the rat, we showed that, with a few exceptions, PL and IL distribute differently throughout the brain (Vertes, 2004). These differential patterns of projections are summarized in Fig. 1. As illustrated (Fig. 1), IL distributes significantly to: (1) ...
2/ the biological perspective - test bank and solution manual for your
... Neural Plasticity – changes in the brain in response to an organism’s experiences. o Rosenzweig’s (1984) classic research on “enriched” environments (versus impoverished environments) revealed that the rats living in the enriched environments generated larger neurons with more synaptic connections ...
... Neural Plasticity – changes in the brain in response to an organism’s experiences. o Rosenzweig’s (1984) classic research on “enriched” environments (versus impoverished environments) revealed that the rats living in the enriched environments generated larger neurons with more synaptic connections ...
Hypocretin-2-Saporin Lesions of the Lateral Hypothalamus Produce
... The inconsistent effects on sleep after electrolytic or excitotoxic lesions of the posterior hypothalamus or LH might have occurred because the methods used to make the lesion did not destroy the appropriate neurons. Moreover, some neurons are resistant to lesion by excitotoxins such as ibotenate (Y ...
... The inconsistent effects on sleep after electrolytic or excitotoxic lesions of the posterior hypothalamus or LH might have occurred because the methods used to make the lesion did not destroy the appropriate neurons. Moreover, some neurons are resistant to lesion by excitotoxins such as ibotenate (Y ...
Auditory Cortical Neurons are Sensitive to Static and Continuously
... described a few years earlier by Rose and his colleagues ( 1966) for neurons in the inferior colliculus. The discharges of certain cortical cells responding to low-stimulus frequencies were shown to be a periodic function of ITD, and when this property was studied at several different frequencies an ...
... described a few years earlier by Rose and his colleagues ( 1966) for neurons in the inferior colliculus. The discharges of certain cortical cells responding to low-stimulus frequencies were shown to be a periodic function of ITD, and when this property was studied at several different frequencies an ...
Imagery and Perception Share Cortical
... a position either 6 left or right of fixation (Fig. 1B,C) in pseudorandom order. In the imagery condition, participants received auditory cues that indicated the location at which to imagine an object (left or right of fixation) and which of the objects to imagine (Fig. 1B,C). Participants had 4 s to ...
... a position either 6 left or right of fixation (Fig. 1B,C) in pseudorandom order. In the imagery condition, participants received auditory cues that indicated the location at which to imagine an object (left or right of fixation) and which of the objects to imagine (Fig. 1B,C). Participants had 4 s to ...
Descending Systems Translate Transient Cortical Commands into a
... target onset) served as the ‘‘Go’’ signal. The monkey then had to shift the cursor into the previously cued target by generating an isometric torque ramp (Torque onset) in the appropriate direction and magnitude and keep the cursor within the target for an active hold period (350--750 ms, monkeys G ...
... target onset) served as the ‘‘Go’’ signal. The monkey then had to shift the cursor into the previously cued target by generating an isometric torque ramp (Torque onset) in the appropriate direction and magnitude and keep the cursor within the target for an active hold period (350--750 ms, monkeys G ...
Temporal and spatial alterations in GPi neuronal encoding might
... major motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, due to an inability to select properly one motor program. However, this hypothesis does not take into account the time dimension underlying motor control (Roux et al., 2003) in spite of the possible contribution of dopamine in timing synaptic events throug ...
... major motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, due to an inability to select properly one motor program. However, this hypothesis does not take into account the time dimension underlying motor control (Roux et al., 2003) in spite of the possible contribution of dopamine in timing synaptic events throug ...
New Features of Connectivity in Piriform Cortex Visualized by
... periodically arranged sets of cells have common response properties, inputs, and outputs). A lack of columnar organization was also indicated by a marked disparity in the intrinsic projection patterns of neighboring injected cells. Analysis of axonal branching patterns, bouton distributions, and den ...
... periodically arranged sets of cells have common response properties, inputs, and outputs). A lack of columnar organization was also indicated by a marked disparity in the intrinsic projection patterns of neighboring injected cells. Analysis of axonal branching patterns, bouton distributions, and den ...
connections of the cerebral cortex
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
Relationship of Prefrontal Connections to Inhibitory Systems in Superior Temporal
... evidence in both human and non-human primates that all prefrontal cortices have a role in inhibitory control, albeit within the domain of their specialization (for reviews see Shimamura, 1995; Roberts and Wallis, 2000). The phenomenon of inhibitory control is exemplified at the functional level in th ...
... evidence in both human and non-human primates that all prefrontal cortices have a role in inhibitory control, albeit within the domain of their specialization (for reviews see Shimamura, 1995; Roberts and Wallis, 2000). The phenomenon of inhibitory control is exemplified at the functional level in th ...
Precise visuotopic organization of the blind spot representation in
... 2005; Moratti et al. 2014). Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms of completion or filling in are far from being completely understood. Using electrophysiological recordings, Fiorani Júnior et al. (1992) observed an apparent topographic organization within the BSR in area V1. Visual stimulation was sh ...
... 2005; Moratti et al. 2014). Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms of completion or filling in are far from being completely understood. Using electrophysiological recordings, Fiorani Júnior et al. (1992) observed an apparent topographic organization within the BSR in area V1. Visual stimulation was sh ...
Sustained conditioned responses in prelimbic prefrontal neurons are
... and Collins, 2000; Goosens and Maren, 2004), and, therefore, cannot be responsible for maintaining freezing responses. This suggests that there are additional structures downstream from LA that show sustained conditioned responses and are responsible for sustaining freezing. To date, however, no suc ...
... and Collins, 2000; Goosens and Maren, 2004), and, therefore, cannot be responsible for maintaining freezing responses. This suggests that there are additional structures downstream from LA that show sustained conditioned responses and are responsible for sustaining freezing. To date, however, no suc ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... As described in our previous study (Uwano et al., 1995), the head restraint system of Nishijo and Norgren (1990, 1991), modified from a method described by Ono et al. (1985), was used. The rat was anesthetized (sodium pentobarbital, 40 mg/kg, i.p.) and then mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus with it ...
... As described in our previous study (Uwano et al., 1995), the head restraint system of Nishijo and Norgren (1990, 1991), modified from a method described by Ono et al. (1985), was used. The rat was anesthetized (sodium pentobarbital, 40 mg/kg, i.p.) and then mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus with it ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... single populations (Wilson and Cowan, 1972; Tsodyks and Sejnowski, 1995; van Vreeswijk and Sompolinsky, 1996; Gerstner, 1999), it is not clear how the findings generalize to the multilayer architectures relevant for cortical processing. Multilayer architectures place important constraints on computa ...
... single populations (Wilson and Cowan, 1972; Tsodyks and Sejnowski, 1995; van Vreeswijk and Sompolinsky, 1996; Gerstner, 1999), it is not clear how the findings generalize to the multilayer architectures relevant for cortical processing. Multilayer architectures place important constraints on computa ...
Spatial organization of thalamocortical and corticothalamic
... Armstrong-James and Fox, '87) and 2-deoxyglucose (Durham and Woolsey, '77; Chmielowska et al., '86) studies have provided evidence that each barrel is the morphological correlate of a single functional column that extends throughout the thickness of the cortex (Woolsey and Van der Loos, '70). One fu ...
... Armstrong-James and Fox, '87) and 2-deoxyglucose (Durham and Woolsey, '77; Chmielowska et al., '86) studies have provided evidence that each barrel is the morphological correlate of a single functional column that extends throughout the thickness of the cortex (Woolsey and Van der Loos, '70). One fu ...
Expectancies in decision making, reinforcement
... cells”), during pauses at the final choice point of the Multiple-T task (Figure 1A), the decoded location could be observed to sweep down one arm of the maze, then the other, before the rat made a decision (Figure 1B,C). Further analyses revealed that on average, the decoded representation was more ...
... cells”), during pauses at the final choice point of the Multiple-T task (Figure 1A), the decoded location could be observed to sweep down one arm of the maze, then the other, before the rat made a decision (Figure 1B,C). Further analyses revealed that on average, the decoded representation was more ...
Negatively-Correlated Firing - Department of Computer Science
... of population coding. We will then present a model and a set of experiments using this model, which demonstrates that pools of neurons operating with inhibitory connections perform better on a stimulus-tracking task than the same model with no inhibitory connections. The model is designed to show ho ...
... of population coding. We will then present a model and a set of experiments using this model, which demonstrates that pools of neurons operating with inhibitory connections perform better on a stimulus-tracking task than the same model with no inhibitory connections. The model is designed to show ho ...
Saccade-Related Spread of Activity Across Superior Colliculus May
... with respect to the peripheral field. The visual projection forms a nonlinear, approximately logarithmic, map on the SC. Models of the SC commonly assume that the function defining the strength of neuronal connections within this map (the kernel) depends only on the distance between two neurons, and ...
... with respect to the peripheral field. The visual projection forms a nonlinear, approximately logarithmic, map on the SC. Models of the SC commonly assume that the function defining the strength of neuronal connections within this map (the kernel) depends only on the distance between two neurons, and ...
Saccade-Related Spread of Activity Across
... with respect to the peripheral field. The visual projection forms a nonlinear, approximately logarithmic, map on the SC. Models of the SC commonly assume that the function defining the strength of neuronal connections within this map (the kernel) depends only on the distance between two neurons, and ...
... with respect to the peripheral field. The visual projection forms a nonlinear, approximately logarithmic, map on the SC. Models of the SC commonly assume that the function defining the strength of neuronal connections within this map (the kernel) depends only on the distance between two neurons, and ...
Patterns of sensory intermodality relationships in the cerebral cortex
... guish clearly in our material the borders between area 36 '85). The anterolateral tip of the tangential section consists and area 20 (Miller and Vogt, '84a). of the ventral orbital area (Zilles, '851, designated also area Primary motor area (Ml) was defined cytoarchitectonically by the appearance of ...
... guish clearly in our material the borders between area 36 '85). The anterolateral tip of the tangential section consists and area 20 (Miller and Vogt, '84a). of the ventral orbital area (Zilles, '851, designated also area Primary motor area (Ml) was defined cytoarchitectonically by the appearance of ...
Evolutionary Connectionism and Mind/Brain Modularity - laral
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
Evolutionary Connectionism and Mind/Brain Modularity - laral
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
as a PDF
... Introduction). The distribution is also similar to that of NOSpositive neurons in the rabbit, cells which have been shown by double-labelling procedures to include salivatory preganglionic neurons (Zhu et al., 1996). Most of them are medium sized (Zhu et al., 1996). We consider it reasonable to supp ...
... Introduction). The distribution is also similar to that of NOSpositive neurons in the rabbit, cells which have been shown by double-labelling procedures to include salivatory preganglionic neurons (Zhu et al., 1996). Most of them are medium sized (Zhu et al., 1996). We consider it reasonable to supp ...
The limbic system
... Appetite and eating behaviors Amygdala plays a role in food choice and emotional modulation of food intake. The lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus is the center for control of feeding whereas the ventromedial nucleus functions as the satiety center.[14] Sleep and dreams Positron emission tomography ...
... Appetite and eating behaviors Amygdala plays a role in food choice and emotional modulation of food intake. The lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus is the center for control of feeding whereas the ventromedial nucleus functions as the satiety center.[14] Sleep and dreams Positron emission tomography ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.