Unique features of the human brainstem and cerebellum
... 2001; Hoover and Strick, 1999; Dum and Strick, 2003; Kelly and Strick, 2003; Akkal et al., 2007). In addition to its contribution to cortical function, the cerebellum also can influence motor control by projections to brainstem structures like the vestibular nuclei that in turn affect movement (Lang ...
... 2001; Hoover and Strick, 1999; Dum and Strick, 2003; Kelly and Strick, 2003; Akkal et al., 2007). In addition to its contribution to cortical function, the cerebellum also can influence motor control by projections to brainstem structures like the vestibular nuclei that in turn affect movement (Lang ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex during Licking
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
InterimSummary The Nature of Learning
... filing cabinets, this is certainly not the way experiences are reflected within the brain. Experiences are not “stored”; rather, they change the way we perceive, perform, think, and plan. They do so by physically changing the structure of the nervous system, altering neural circuits that participate ...
... filing cabinets, this is certainly not the way experiences are reflected within the brain. Experiences are not “stored”; rather, they change the way we perceive, perform, think, and plan. They do so by physically changing the structure of the nervous system, altering neural circuits that participate ...
Handout - personal.kent.edu
... unpleasant outcomes As a person becomes more depressed, they become less active, emit fewer behaviors, thus limiting further, the opportunity to receive reinforcement ...
... unpleasant outcomes As a person becomes more depressed, they become less active, emit fewer behaviors, thus limiting further, the opportunity to receive reinforcement ...
Supplemental Information for Free D
... polynomials of age, gender and total GM volume. We included such variables in order to control for any independent effects on our findings and to ensure that the analysis identified regionally specific “non-global” effects11. Because of our strong a priori hypothesis based on the effects of DDO vari ...
... polynomials of age, gender and total GM volume. We included such variables in order to control for any independent effects on our findings and to ensure that the analysis identified regionally specific “non-global” effects11. Because of our strong a priori hypothesis based on the effects of DDO vari ...
Abstracts for each slide presentation are available here
... (~1mM) and high degree of spectral overlap with amino acids and other brain metabolites, some form of spectral editing is needed for unambiguous detection. Furthermore, because of known tissue (white, gray matter) variation of GABA and its possible regional variation between the thalamus and cortica ...
... (~1mM) and high degree of spectral overlap with amino acids and other brain metabolites, some form of spectral editing is needed for unambiguous detection. Furthermore, because of known tissue (white, gray matter) variation of GABA and its possible regional variation between the thalamus and cortica ...
Organization of Visual Inputs to the Inferior Temporal and Posterior
... of the brain were examined for the presence of retrogradely labeled fluorescent cells. These sections were mounted directly from 0.45% saline as the brain was cut, dried at 37”C, and stored without coverslips in light-tight boxes placed in plastic bags at 4°C. Tissue preservation was aided by desicc ...
... of the brain were examined for the presence of retrogradely labeled fluorescent cells. These sections were mounted directly from 0.45% saline as the brain was cut, dried at 37”C, and stored without coverslips in light-tight boxes placed in plastic bags at 4°C. Tissue preservation was aided by desicc ...
pdf
... functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 䡲 CASE DESCRIPTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique capable of modulating the ongoing activity of the human brain. When linked with a neuronavigation system, fMRI-guided frontal cortex TMS can be performed in a placebo- ...
... functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 䡲 CASE DESCRIPTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique capable of modulating the ongoing activity of the human brain. When linked with a neuronavigation system, fMRI-guided frontal cortex TMS can be performed in a placebo- ...
connect_review_20150316 - Royal Holloway, University of London
... There are many areas sensitive to categories other than faces. Dorsal occipitotemporal areas show preferences for body actions and biological motion perception (Giese and Poggio, 2003; Kilner, 2011) including hMT+/V5 and an area in posterior STS (Peuskens et al., 2005; Grosbras et al., 2012). This p ...
... There are many areas sensitive to categories other than faces. Dorsal occipitotemporal areas show preferences for body actions and biological motion perception (Giese and Poggio, 2003; Kilner, 2011) including hMT+/V5 and an area in posterior STS (Peuskens et al., 2005; Grosbras et al., 2012). This p ...
ALGORITHMICS - Universitatea de Vest din Timisoara
... What is this course about ? Computational Intelligence “is a branch of the study of artificial intelligence; it aims to use learning, adaptive, or evolutionary algorithms to create programs that are, in some sense, intelligent. “ ...
... What is this course about ? Computational Intelligence “is a branch of the study of artificial intelligence; it aims to use learning, adaptive, or evolutionary algorithms to create programs that are, in some sense, intelligent. “ ...
Neural Responses to Facial Expression and Face Identity in the
... MATLAB (The MathWorks, Natick, MA). Only trials in which the monkey maintained its gaze within the boundary of the stimulus images for the required time were included in the analysis. For each image presentation, two time intervals were considered: a baseline interval, 1 s immediately before the ons ...
... MATLAB (The MathWorks, Natick, MA). Only trials in which the monkey maintained its gaze within the boundary of the stimulus images for the required time were included in the analysis. For each image presentation, two time intervals were considered: a baseline interval, 1 s immediately before the ons ...
Development of GAP-43 mRNA in the macaque cerebral cortex
... during normal development of the central and the peripheral nervous systems Žfor review, see w6,7x.. GAP-43 exists in the growth cones and axon terminals w36,51x, is phosphorylated with protein kinase C w3x, can bind calmodulin when GAP-43 is not phosphorylated w4x, and can interact with a GTP-bindi ...
... during normal development of the central and the peripheral nervous systems Žfor review, see w6,7x.. GAP-43 exists in the growth cones and axon terminals w36,51x, is phosphorylated with protein kinase C w3x, can bind calmodulin when GAP-43 is not phosphorylated w4x, and can interact with a GTP-bindi ...
Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking
... risk-taking behavior with gains and losses, respectively, were used to evaluate the neural systems response to the experienced outcome: (1) selecting a risky response (40 or 80), which resulted in reward; and (2) selecting a risky response, which resulted in punishment (−40 or −80). These regressors ...
... risk-taking behavior with gains and losses, respectively, were used to evaluate the neural systems response to the experienced outcome: (1) selecting a risky response (40 or 80), which resulted in reward; and (2) selecting a risky response, which resulted in punishment (−40 or −80). These regressors ...
Essays on Designing Minds by Daniel Dennett
... Haugeland bases his overall criticism of Dennett's notion of pattern in the need to disambiguate between two kinds of issues. On one hand there is the sheer ontological commitment to the existence of the elements that compound a pattern. On the other hand, there is a further and more forceful commi ...
... Haugeland bases his overall criticism of Dennett's notion of pattern in the need to disambiguate between two kinds of issues. On one hand there is the sheer ontological commitment to the existence of the elements that compound a pattern. On the other hand, there is a further and more forceful commi ...
chapter one
... structures, paradigms actually, are being used commercially. One particular structure, the feedforward, backpropagation network, is by far and away the most popular. Most of the other neural network structures represent models for "thinking" that are still being evolved in the laboratories. Yet, all ...
... structures, paradigms actually, are being used commercially. One particular structure, the feedforward, backpropagation network, is by far and away the most popular. Most of the other neural network structures represent models for "thinking" that are still being evolved in the laboratories. Yet, all ...
The cognitive neuroscience of sustained attention
... the assessment of sustained attention (or vigilance) performance typically has utilized situations in which an observer is required to keep watch for inconspicuous signals over prolonged periods of time. The state of readiness to respond to rarely and unpredictably occurring signals is characterized ...
... the assessment of sustained attention (or vigilance) performance typically has utilized situations in which an observer is required to keep watch for inconspicuous signals over prolonged periods of time. The state of readiness to respond to rarely and unpredictably occurring signals is characterized ...
Distribution and characterisation of Glucagon-like peptide
... Figure 1: GLP-1 receptor expressing cells in the CNS. A, B. Demonstrates the reporter expression in the dorsal vagal complex of the eYFP and tdRFP mice. Expression was equivalent in the area postrema (AP), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). High levels of r ...
... Figure 1: GLP-1 receptor expressing cells in the CNS. A, B. Demonstrates the reporter expression in the dorsal vagal complex of the eYFP and tdRFP mice. Expression was equivalent in the area postrema (AP), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). High levels of r ...
Kiecker and Lumsden - McLoon Lab
... Ventral Patterning in the Hindbrain and Midbrain Early in its development, the hindbrain becomes subdivided into a series of seven to eight segments called rhombomeres (r1–8) (reviewed in Kiecker & Lumsden 2005). Nevertheless, the topological organization of neurons along the DV axis of the hindbrai ...
... Ventral Patterning in the Hindbrain and Midbrain Early in its development, the hindbrain becomes subdivided into a series of seven to eight segments called rhombomeres (r1–8) (reviewed in Kiecker & Lumsden 2005). Nevertheless, the topological organization of neurons along the DV axis of the hindbrai ...
Chapter 3
... How do you think sexual perversions such as masochism, sadism, and pedophilia could develop through Classical Conditioning? Do you have any ideas of how these aberrant behaviors could be treated? ...
... How do you think sexual perversions such as masochism, sadism, and pedophilia could develop through Classical Conditioning? Do you have any ideas of how these aberrant behaviors could be treated? ...
The mirror mechanism: recent findings and perspectives
... between the executed and the observed motor act [2– 5]. Some mirror neurons show a strict correspondence between the effective observed and executed motor act; others show a correspondence in the goal of the observed and executed motor act, but not in the precise movements necessary to achieve the g ...
... between the executed and the observed motor act [2– 5]. Some mirror neurons show a strict correspondence between the effective observed and executed motor act; others show a correspondence in the goal of the observed and executed motor act, but not in the precise movements necessary to achieve the g ...
Hunger Modulates the Responses to Gustatory Stimuli
... The effects of feeding the monkey to satiety on the responsiveness of neurons recorded in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex are shown in Figure 1. Each part of the figure shows one experiment in which the effect of satiety on the responsiveness of a single neuron to gustatory stimuli was measure ...
... The effects of feeding the monkey to satiety on the responsiveness of neurons recorded in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex are shown in Figure 1. Each part of the figure shows one experiment in which the effect of satiety on the responsiveness of a single neuron to gustatory stimuli was measure ...
Emerging roles of Axin in cerebral cortical development
... Proper functioning of the cerebral cortex depends on the appropriate production and positioning of neurons, establishment of axon–dendrite polarity, and formation of proper neuronal connectivity. Deficits in any of these processes greatly impair neural functions and are associated with various human ...
... Proper functioning of the cerebral cortex depends on the appropriate production and positioning of neurons, establishment of axon–dendrite polarity, and formation of proper neuronal connectivity. Deficits in any of these processes greatly impair neural functions and are associated with various human ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.