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... spaces are well known and easily defined. The mathematical problem is circumscribed. In other cortical areas, such as high-order visual areas or motor areas, the parameter spaces are less well known, difficult to define precisely, and much more highly dimensional. In a recent series of experiments, ...
... spaces are well known and easily defined. The mathematical problem is circumscribed. In other cortical areas, such as high-order visual areas or motor areas, the parameter spaces are less well known, difficult to define precisely, and much more highly dimensional. In a recent series of experiments, ...
Vertical Organization of r=Aminobutyric Acid
... oriented chains of silver grains linked the injection sites with the resulting labeled cell clusters. In all areas, the labeling of cells in the horizontal dimension, i.e., on each side of an injection, was insignificant. Electron microscopic examination of labeled neurons confirms that the neurons ...
... oriented chains of silver grains linked the injection sites with the resulting labeled cell clusters. In all areas, the labeling of cells in the horizontal dimension, i.e., on each side of an injection, was insignificant. Electron microscopic examination of labeled neurons confirms that the neurons ...
Simulations of the Role of the Muscarinic-Activated Calcium- I in Entorhinal Neuronal
... drites lumped together. The addition of the separate initial segment compartment differs from the pyramidal cell. The lengths and cross sections of the three principal dendrite compartments were adjusted to give the dendrite a length constant of 2 (sealed-end condition). The compartment profiles are ...
... drites lumped together. The addition of the separate initial segment compartment differs from the pyramidal cell. The lengths and cross sections of the three principal dendrite compartments were adjusted to give the dendrite a length constant of 2 (sealed-end condition). The compartment profiles are ...
Neurotransmitter Profile of Saccadic Omnipause Neurons in
... Ohgaki et al., 1987; Strassman et al., 1987) and monkeys (for review, see Btittner-Enncver and Biittner, 1988: Ohgaki et al., 1989; Langer and Kaneko, 1990), the exact sources of inputs and synaptic mechanisms producing the characteristic firing pattern of OPNs are still not clear. Pharmacological e ...
... Ohgaki et al., 1987; Strassman et al., 1987) and monkeys (for review, see Btittner-Enncver and Biittner, 1988: Ohgaki et al., 1989; Langer and Kaneko, 1990), the exact sources of inputs and synaptic mechanisms producing the characteristic firing pattern of OPNs are still not clear. Pharmacological e ...
Clinical, imaging, lesion, and genetic approaches toward a model of
... would lead to constantly interrupted behaviors as seen in ADHD. Thus, our model of cognitive control (Casey, 2000; Casey, Durston, & Fossella, 2001) suggests that the basal ganglia are involved in inhibition of competing inappropriate thoughts and behaviors (Mink, 1996) while the frontal cortex is i ...
... would lead to constantly interrupted behaviors as seen in ADHD. Thus, our model of cognitive control (Casey, 2000; Casey, Durston, & Fossella, 2001) suggests that the basal ganglia are involved in inhibition of competing inappropriate thoughts and behaviors (Mink, 1996) while the frontal cortex is i ...
Ulanovsky et al., 2003
... Key words: forward suppression, adaptation, spectrotemporal context, cortex, interneurons Abstract Cortical responses to repeated stimuli are highly dynamic and rapidly adaptive. Such rapid changes are prominent in all sensory cortices, across which many aspects of circuitry are conserved. As an exa ...
... Key words: forward suppression, adaptation, spectrotemporal context, cortex, interneurons Abstract Cortical responses to repeated stimuli are highly dynamic and rapidly adaptive. Such rapid changes are prominent in all sensory cortices, across which many aspects of circuitry are conserved. As an exa ...
An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and
... given, it is best to create the reservoir with a uniform pole placement, so that all possible frequencies are maximally covered, an idea which originated from the identification of linear systems using Kautz filters. The random connectivity does not give a clear insight in what is going on in the rese ...
... given, it is best to create the reservoir with a uniform pole placement, so that all possible frequencies are maximally covered, an idea which originated from the identification of linear systems using Kautz filters. The random connectivity does not give a clear insight in what is going on in the rese ...
In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration
... cortical interneurons originate from the Preoptic area (POA) and migrate long distances to reach the cortex [19]. Cortical interneurons travel via distinct tangential routes in order to enter the cortex: at early developmental stages, young neurons born in the MGE circumvent the striatum to enter th ...
... cortical interneurons originate from the Preoptic area (POA) and migrate long distances to reach the cortex [19]. Cortical interneurons travel via distinct tangential routes in order to enter the cortex: at early developmental stages, young neurons born in the MGE circumvent the striatum to enter th ...
Neurons in the Most Superficial Lamina of the Mouse Superior
... The superior colliculus (SC) is a layered midbrain structure important for multimodal integration and sensorimotor transformation. Its superficial layers are purely visual and receive depth-specific projections from distinct subtypes of retinal ganglion cells. Here we use two-photon calcium imaging ...
... The superior colliculus (SC) is a layered midbrain structure important for multimodal integration and sensorimotor transformation. Its superficial layers are purely visual and receive depth-specific projections from distinct subtypes of retinal ganglion cells. Here we use two-photon calcium imaging ...
Differentiating Noxious- and Innocuous
... role of the somatosensory cortices (SI and SII) in pain perception has long been in dispute. Human imaging studies demonstrate activation of SI and SII associated with painful stimuli, but results have been variable, and the functional relevance of any such activation is uncertain. The present study ...
... role of the somatosensory cortices (SI and SII) in pain perception has long been in dispute. Human imaging studies demonstrate activation of SI and SII associated with painful stimuli, but results have been variable, and the functional relevance of any such activation is uncertain. The present study ...
Gao JCN 2000 - Georgia State University
... (V1 and AI) as observed in this study followed the welldescribed inside-out (Rakic, 1974; McConnell, 1985) and rostrocaudal (Luskin and Shatz, 1985a) gradients of cerebral cortical development. In addition, there was some limited evidence for a rostrocaudal gradient, in that AI matured slightly earl ...
... (V1 and AI) as observed in this study followed the welldescribed inside-out (Rakic, 1974; McConnell, 1985) and rostrocaudal (Luskin and Shatz, 1985a) gradients of cerebral cortical development. In addition, there was some limited evidence for a rostrocaudal gradient, in that AI matured slightly earl ...
Motor learning in man: A review of functional and clinical studies
... observed regardless of the hand used during training, indicating a left-hemispheric dominance in the storage of visuomotor skills. Concerning frontal areas, learned actions of sequential character are represented in the caudal part of the supplementary motor area (SMA proper), whereas the lateral pr ...
... observed regardless of the hand used during training, indicating a left-hemispheric dominance in the storage of visuomotor skills. Concerning frontal areas, learned actions of sequential character are represented in the caudal part of the supplementary motor area (SMA proper), whereas the lateral pr ...
cortical input to the basal forebrain
... extended basal forebrain areas, particularly in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band and the region ventral to it. Terminals were also found to a lesser extent in the ventral part of the substantia innominata and in ventral pallidal areas adjoining ventral striatal territories. Similarly, labele ...
... extended basal forebrain areas, particularly in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band and the region ventral to it. Terminals were also found to a lesser extent in the ventral part of the substantia innominata and in ventral pallidal areas adjoining ventral striatal territories. Similarly, labele ...
Role of the basal ganglia in conditional associative learning
... the location of the object to guide the hand through space, and the shape, size and texture of the object to form the appropriate grasp (Jeannerod, 1997). This type of visuomotor transformations relies on direct, cortico-cortical connections linking the occipito-parietal visual pathway (dorsal visua ...
... the location of the object to guide the hand through space, and the shape, size and texture of the object to form the appropriate grasp (Jeannerod, 1997). This type of visuomotor transformations relies on direct, cortico-cortical connections linking the occipito-parietal visual pathway (dorsal visua ...
Barrel cortex function - Brain Research Institute
... interplay between anatomical and physiological analyses, as has been emphasized repeatedly by earlier reviews of cortical function (e.g. Douglas and Martin, 2007; O’Connor et al., 2009). Such an interactive approach will provide mechanistic ideas ‘how’ the cortical machinery might work. However, in ...
... interplay between anatomical and physiological analyses, as has been emphasized repeatedly by earlier reviews of cortical function (e.g. Douglas and Martin, 2007; O’Connor et al., 2009). Such an interactive approach will provide mechanistic ideas ‘how’ the cortical machinery might work. However, in ...
Pontine Gustatory Activity Is Altered by Electrical Stimulation in the
... The rats were anesthetized with a 50-mg/kg injection (ip) of pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal). Additional doses of Nembutal (0.1 ml) were administered as necessary to continue a deep level of anesthesia. Rectal temperature was monitored throughout a recording session and maintained at 37 ⫾ 0.2°C. The ...
... The rats were anesthetized with a 50-mg/kg injection (ip) of pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal). Additional doses of Nembutal (0.1 ml) were administered as necessary to continue a deep level of anesthesia. Rectal temperature was monitored throughout a recording session and maintained at 37 ⫾ 0.2°C. The ...
Regulation of Neuroblast Cell-Cycle Kinetics Plays a Crucial Role in
... to ensure optimal blackening levels, which minimizes the problem of f used grains (Dörmer, 1967; Rogers, 1967; Dörmer and Brinkmann, 1968; Dörmer and Möller, 1968; Sidman, 1970). This is illustrated for individual neurons in different layers of parietal area 3 after injection on E14.5 (Fig. 1). ...
... to ensure optimal blackening levels, which minimizes the problem of f used grains (Dörmer, 1967; Rogers, 1967; Dörmer and Brinkmann, 1968; Dörmer and Möller, 1968; Sidman, 1970). This is illustrated for individual neurons in different layers of parietal area 3 after injection on E14.5 (Fig. 1). ...
Spatial Responsiveness of Monkey Hippocampal Neurons to
... Andersen, 1987; Goldman-Rakic, 19871, mainly via the parahippocampal cortices (PH) (Jones and Powell, 1970; Van Hoesen, 1982; Amaral, 1987; Tranel et al., 1988). Recent results indicate that the HF, and the system to which it belongs, are essential for acquisition, relation, combination, and conjunc ...
... Andersen, 1987; Goldman-Rakic, 19871, mainly via the parahippocampal cortices (PH) (Jones and Powell, 1970; Van Hoesen, 1982; Amaral, 1987; Tranel et al., 1988). Recent results indicate that the HF, and the system to which it belongs, are essential for acquisition, relation, combination, and conjunc ...
PDF file - Izhikevich
... neurons, each making thousands of synaptic contacts with its neighbors. Given the complexity of the connectivity inherent in cortical anatomy, efforts to describe the pattern of electrical activity in exact detail within even a highly localized population of cortical neurons would be extremely diffi ...
... neurons, each making thousands of synaptic contacts with its neighbors. Given the complexity of the connectivity inherent in cortical anatomy, efforts to describe the pattern of electrical activity in exact detail within even a highly localized population of cortical neurons would be extremely diffi ...
Acetylcholinesterase in central vocal control nuclei of the zebra finch
... J. Biosci. | Vol. 29 | No. 2 | June 2004 | 189–200 | © Indian Academy of Sciences ...
... J. Biosci. | Vol. 29 | No. 2 | June 2004 | 189–200 | © Indian Academy of Sciences ...
post-peer-review-non-publishers
... Internal circadian clocks are important regulators of mammalian biology, acting to coordinate physiology and behaviour in line with daily changes in the environment. At present, synchronisation of the circadian system to the solar cycle is believed to rely on a quantitative assessment of total ambie ...
... Internal circadian clocks are important regulators of mammalian biology, acting to coordinate physiology and behaviour in line with daily changes in the environment. At present, synchronisation of the circadian system to the solar cycle is believed to rely on a quantitative assessment of total ambie ...
5-28-2007
... across sleep stages (e.g., Lee et al., 2005), basal forebrain areas in humans were among those that showed significant changes in glucose metabolism (rCMRglu) or rCBF throughout the sleep-wake cycle (Braun et al., 1997; Maquet et al., 1997; Nofzinger et al., 2002). Due to the complex anatomy of the ...
... across sleep stages (e.g., Lee et al., 2005), basal forebrain areas in humans were among those that showed significant changes in glucose metabolism (rCMRglu) or rCBF throughout the sleep-wake cycle (Braun et al., 1997; Maquet et al., 1997; Nofzinger et al., 2002). Due to the complex anatomy of the ...
letter - Hanks Lab
... clicks per second). Accumulation of evidence models predict that averaging within a given difficulty class will produce a mean trajectory for the accumulated evidence that gradually ramps over time with a slope proportional to the mean strength of the sensory evidence (Fig. 1b). This type of correla ...
... clicks per second). Accumulation of evidence models predict that averaging within a given difficulty class will produce a mean trajectory for the accumulated evidence that gradually ramps over time with a slope proportional to the mean strength of the sensory evidence (Fig. 1b). This type of correla ...
Sleep/Neurology-The Orexin System
... Moderate to severe AD patients showed significantly increased orexin levels compared to normal controls and mild AD patients Moderate-severe AD patients exhibited more impaired nocturnal sleep compared to normal controls and mild AD patients The global AD group had orexin levels that were positively ...
... Moderate to severe AD patients showed significantly increased orexin levels compared to normal controls and mild AD patients Moderate-severe AD patients exhibited more impaired nocturnal sleep compared to normal controls and mild AD patients The global AD group had orexin levels that were positively ...
Perception – Gain Control
... with the left had to a blue square and the right hand to a red square (sometimes the stimulus is an arrow pointing in one direction or the other. This stimulus response can conflict with the natural tendency to give a lateralized response to a stimulus appear on the same side of the display e.g. if ...
... with the left had to a blue square and the right hand to a red square (sometimes the stimulus is an arrow pointing in one direction or the other. This stimulus response can conflict with the natural tendency to give a lateralized response to a stimulus appear on the same side of the display e.g. if ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
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The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.