Hsp70 and Hsp90 of E. coli Directly Interact for Collaboration in
... open V-shaped structure with the protomers interacting via the C-terminal dimerization domain [13]. When ATP is bound, the protein adopts a closed conformation with the two N-domains of the dimer interacting and a portion of the N-domain, the “lid”, closing over the nucleotide in each protomer [15]. ...
... open V-shaped structure with the protomers interacting via the C-terminal dimerization domain [13]. When ATP is bound, the protein adopts a closed conformation with the two N-domains of the dimer interacting and a portion of the N-domain, the “lid”, closing over the nucleotide in each protomer [15]. ...
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... found in hair and wool; another produces a protein that transports oxygen in the blood; a third binds other proteins and catalyzes the cleavage of the bonds between their amino acids. Similarly, the special functions of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and lipids can be understood as a direct manifes ...
... found in hair and wool; another produces a protein that transports oxygen in the blood; a third binds other proteins and catalyzes the cleavage of the bonds between their amino acids. Similarly, the special functions of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and lipids can be understood as a direct manifes ...
Calretinin
... • In this loop, there are amino acid residues with negatively charged oxygen atoms, which attract the positively charged calcium ion • When Ca2+ enters the cell Calretinin binds about 99% of it. ...
... • In this loop, there are amino acid residues with negatively charged oxygen atoms, which attract the positively charged calcium ion • When Ca2+ enters the cell Calretinin binds about 99% of it. ...
Supplemental Information
... was isolated by precipitation with ethanol, dissolved in TURBO-DNase buffer (Ambion), and treated with TURBO-DNase (0.04 U/µL final concentration, 37 °C, 30 min). The DNase-treated RNA was precipitated with ethanol, redissolved in water, and purified by size-exclusion chromatography (NAP5, GE Healt ...
... was isolated by precipitation with ethanol, dissolved in TURBO-DNase buffer (Ambion), and treated with TURBO-DNase (0.04 U/µL final concentration, 37 °C, 30 min). The DNase-treated RNA was precipitated with ethanol, redissolved in water, and purified by size-exclusion chromatography (NAP5, GE Healt ...
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF FLAVIVIRUSES
... 1985, 1986; Heinz et al., 1994; Nawa, 1998). The viral genome is released into the host cytoplasm by the process of nucleocapsid uncoating, which is not yet fully understood. Translation of the viral genome produces proteins that lead to replication of the viral genome and assembly of new virus part ...
... 1985, 1986; Heinz et al., 1994; Nawa, 1998). The viral genome is released into the host cytoplasm by the process of nucleocapsid uncoating, which is not yet fully understood. Translation of the viral genome produces proteins that lead to replication of the viral genome and assembly of new virus part ...
Intrinsically Disordered Protein - Center for Data Analytics and
... appropriation of induced fit for explaining domain movements upon binding, the authors suggested multi-induced fit as a way to explain their data. Oxygen binding by hemoglobin and catalysis by aspartate transcarbamoylase are both regulated by the binding of non-substrate ligands. For both proteins, ...
... appropriation of induced fit for explaining domain movements upon binding, the authors suggested multi-induced fit as a way to explain their data. Oxygen binding by hemoglobin and catalysis by aspartate transcarbamoylase are both regulated by the binding of non-substrate ligands. For both proteins, ...
Biogenesis of proteins of the mitochondrial intermembrane space
... Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles of eukaryotic cells that are involved in many cellular processes from energy production to apoptosis. This is quite astonishing, considering that mitochondria are believed to have evolved from a bacterial endosymbiont approximately two billion years ago (Margul ...
... Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles of eukaryotic cells that are involved in many cellular processes from energy production to apoptosis. This is quite astonishing, considering that mitochondria are believed to have evolved from a bacterial endosymbiont approximately two billion years ago (Margul ...
Specific Interaction of the PDZ Domain Protein PICK1 with the
... LIN-7 PDZ domain, which has been shown to mediate clustering of the receptor tyrosine kinase LET-23 (28). The PDZ domain in PICK1 appears to be relatively divergent when compared with other PDZ domains in general. As we reported previously (25), the sequence of mouse PICK1 shares significant homolog ...
... LIN-7 PDZ domain, which has been shown to mediate clustering of the receptor tyrosine kinase LET-23 (28). The PDZ domain in PICK1 appears to be relatively divergent when compared with other PDZ domains in general. As we reported previously (25), the sequence of mouse PICK1 shares significant homolog ...
The origin of biological information and programmed protein synthesis
... and the decoding process had to evolve from other functions within the RNA world. A recent study [21] has suggested that the code assignment emerged before translation and could have been related to aminoacylating primordial tRNA by ribozymes mediated by the direct stereochemical affinity between am ...
... and the decoding process had to evolve from other functions within the RNA world. A recent study [21] has suggested that the code assignment emerged before translation and could have been related to aminoacylating primordial tRNA by ribozymes mediated by the direct stereochemical affinity between am ...
A nucleus-encoded chloroplast protein regulated by iron availability
... M. Goldschmidt-Clermont, unpublished data). As described above, trans-splicing of psaA requires at least 14 nucleus-encoded proteins. However, psaA trans-splicing can be bypassed, without any apparent phenotypic consequence, by introducing an intron-less copy of the gene in the chloroplast genome (L ...
... M. Goldschmidt-Clermont, unpublished data). As described above, trans-splicing of psaA requires at least 14 nucleus-encoded proteins. However, psaA trans-splicing can be bypassed, without any apparent phenotypic consequence, by introducing an intron-less copy of the gene in the chloroplast genome (L ...
Co-translational Folding
... Biosynthetic folding, proceeding through a series of intermediate structures (I1, I2, I3), avoids certain kinetic traps, such as Mi in the Figure, which are encountered during refolding of denatured protein. In the absence of cotranslational folding (Iu1 , Iu2 , Iu3 ), the fully synthesized polypept ...
... Biosynthetic folding, proceeding through a series of intermediate structures (I1, I2, I3), avoids certain kinetic traps, such as Mi in the Figure, which are encountered during refolding of denatured protein. In the absence of cotranslational folding (Iu1 , Iu2 , Iu3 ), the fully synthesized polypept ...
University of Groningen Cross-linking of dimeric CitS and GltS
... monomers in the dimeric structure was studied by site-specific tagging of the monomers with the 10 kDa Biotin Acceptor Domain (BAD) of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Bott 1997) followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The approach takes advantage of the observation tha ...
... monomers in the dimeric structure was studied by site-specific tagging of the monomers with the 10 kDa Biotin Acceptor Domain (BAD) of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Bott 1997) followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The approach takes advantage of the observation tha ...
Proteases and proteolytic cleavage of storage
... 20 kDa) has a strongly basic pi and is named /-chain. Both chains are linked by a disulphide bridge between cysteine residues at highly conserved positions in the a(amino acid residue 87) and /-chain (amino acid residue 7). The amino acid sequences of /-chains are more homogeneous than those of the ...
... 20 kDa) has a strongly basic pi and is named /-chain. Both chains are linked by a disulphide bridge between cysteine residues at highly conserved positions in the a(amino acid residue 87) and /-chain (amino acid residue 7). The amino acid sequences of /-chains are more homogeneous than those of the ...
Tendency for Local Repetitiveness in Amino Acid Usages in Modern
... they have a repetitiveness score ( 1.15 or above) signi®cantly higher than 1.0 even at far distal locations. Although we have not investigated the cause as yet, one possibility may be that amino acid composition is different among the neural proteins, because some (e.g. ion channels) contain many h ...
... they have a repetitiveness score ( 1.15 or above) signi®cantly higher than 1.0 even at far distal locations. Although we have not investigated the cause as yet, one possibility may be that amino acid composition is different among the neural proteins, because some (e.g. ion channels) contain many h ...
Periplasmic folding factors in Gram-negative bacteria
... approximately 600 Da (2). This barrier function protects bacteria from harmful substances in their environment, such as antibiotics and detergents. Defects in the biogenesis of the outer membrane are known to increase the sensitivity of bacteria for such harmful substances (3). The outer membrane is ...
... approximately 600 Da (2). This barrier function protects bacteria from harmful substances in their environment, such as antibiotics and detergents. Defects in the biogenesis of the outer membrane are known to increase the sensitivity of bacteria for such harmful substances (3). The outer membrane is ...
Characterization of the Enzymatic Component of the ADP
... Certain strains of Clostridium difficile produce the ADP-ribosyltransferase CDT, which is a binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component ...
... Certain strains of Clostridium difficile produce the ADP-ribosyltransferase CDT, which is a binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component ...
Affinity Chromatography
... associated with conventional cellulosic matrices available at that time. Agarose is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating 1,3-linked -D-galactose and 1,4-linked 3,6-anhydro--L-galactose units (13). Third, the report exploited the activation of Sepharose by treatment with cyanogen bromi ...
... associated with conventional cellulosic matrices available at that time. Agarose is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating 1,3-linked -D-galactose and 1,4-linked 3,6-anhydro--L-galactose units (13). Third, the report exploited the activation of Sepharose by treatment with cyanogen bromi ...
Untitled - Normalesup.org
... Finally, we need to add another, technical, caveat that must be taken into account. Most of the data we analyze here are derived from genome sequencing projects. These projects are experimental and are not error‐free. This implies that, while the presence of a sequence can be taken as firmly establi ...
... Finally, we need to add another, technical, caveat that must be taken into account. Most of the data we analyze here are derived from genome sequencing projects. These projects are experimental and are not error‐free. This implies that, while the presence of a sequence can be taken as firmly establi ...
Molecular identification of three Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial
... In addition to respiration and cellular energy supply, plant mitochondria fulfil a range of metabolic tasks, some of which are essential to several plant-specific processes such as photorespiration, C4 and CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) photosynthesis, the utilization of carbon, nitrogen and lip ...
... In addition to respiration and cellular energy supply, plant mitochondria fulfil a range of metabolic tasks, some of which are essential to several plant-specific processes such as photorespiration, C4 and CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) photosynthesis, the utilization of carbon, nitrogen and lip ...
proteinstructure
... N-to-C directions are the same for both strands You need to get from the C-end of one strand to the N-end of the other strand somehow H-bonds at more of an angle relative to the approximate strand directions Therefore: more pleated than anti-parallel sheet ...
... N-to-C directions are the same for both strands You need to get from the C-end of one strand to the N-end of the other strand somehow H-bonds at more of an angle relative to the approximate strand directions Therefore: more pleated than anti-parallel sheet ...
Differential Regulation of a-Lactalbumin and
... gland on various days of pregnancy and lactation. Chart 8 pups during lactation; casein messenger levels are dimin shows total protein synthesized as a function of the pg of ished (Chart 9A). When a-lactalbumin mRNA activity was measured at RNA added to the translation system. It is apparent from th ...
... gland on various days of pregnancy and lactation. Chart 8 pups during lactation; casein messenger levels are dimin shows total protein synthesized as a function of the pg of ished (Chart 9A). When a-lactalbumin mRNA activity was measured at RNA added to the translation system. It is apparent from th ...
Ebolavirus Proteins Suppress the Effects of Small
... Cellular RNA interference (RNAi) provides a natural response against viral infection, but some viruses have evolved mechanisms to antagonize this form of antiviral immunity. To determine whether Ebolavirus (EBOV) counters RNAi by encoding suppressors of RNA silencing (SRSs), we screened all EBOV pro ...
... Cellular RNA interference (RNAi) provides a natural response against viral infection, but some viruses have evolved mechanisms to antagonize this form of antiviral immunity. To determine whether Ebolavirus (EBOV) counters RNAi by encoding suppressors of RNA silencing (SRSs), we screened all EBOV pro ...
Studies on legume receptors for Nod and Myc symbiotic signals
... formation of the rhizobial symbiosis and to have stimulatory effects on mycorrhization. In the legume Medicago truncatula three lysin motif (LysM) receptor-like kinases LYR3, NFP and LYK3 have been shown to be involved in LCO perception. Here work is presented aimed at the biochemical characterizati ...
... formation of the rhizobial symbiosis and to have stimulatory effects on mycorrhization. In the legume Medicago truncatula three lysin motif (LysM) receptor-like kinases LYR3, NFP and LYK3 have been shown to be involved in LCO perception. Here work is presented aimed at the biochemical characterizati ...
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
... 1992; Segura-Nieto et al., 1994). To date, there is no information on the relative stability and structure of cereal-like plant proteins, such as amaranth and quinoa, which can be used as dietary proteins in food systems. The present study focuses on the denaturant-induced secondary and tertiary str ...
... 1992; Segura-Nieto et al., 1994). To date, there is no information on the relative stability and structure of cereal-like plant proteins, such as amaranth and quinoa, which can be used as dietary proteins in food systems. The present study focuses on the denaturant-induced secondary and tertiary str ...
Determination of Protein Molecular Weight
... Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) is a detergent which consists of a hydrocarbon chain bonded to a highly negatively charged sulfate group (as shown in Figure 2). ...
... Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) is a detergent which consists of a hydrocarbon chain bonded to a highly negatively charged sulfate group (as shown in Figure 2). ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.