THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS
... interactions is especially important to our understanding of how polypeptide chains fold into specific secondary and tertiary structures, and how they combine with other polypeptides to form quaternary structures. About 200 to 460 kJ/mol are required to break a single covalent bond, whereas weak int ...
... interactions is especially important to our understanding of how polypeptide chains fold into specific secondary and tertiary structures, and how they combine with other polypeptides to form quaternary structures. About 200 to 460 kJ/mol are required to break a single covalent bond, whereas weak int ...
Regulation of microtubule dynamics by microtubule
... phosphorylation are not yet understood, although it can be speculated that this specific mode of phosphorylation of MAP1 B might contribute to the dynamic configuration ot microtubules which has been observed in growing axon terminals. The dephosphorylation of mode I sites on MAP1 B may therefore le ...
... phosphorylation are not yet understood, although it can be speculated that this specific mode of phosphorylation of MAP1 B might contribute to the dynamic configuration ot microtubules which has been observed in growing axon terminals. The dephosphorylation of mode I sites on MAP1 B may therefore le ...
Specific amino acids in the BAR domain allow homodimerization
... domain determines the specificity of the interaction with other BAR domains. The mutant 9BAR33 co-immunoprecipitated less FLAG–SNX33 than the wild-type SNX33, but was also expressed at lower levels than wild-type SNX33 (Figure 3d, lower panel). This indicates that 9BAR33 is likely to be as efficient ...
... domain determines the specificity of the interaction with other BAR domains. The mutant 9BAR33 co-immunoprecipitated less FLAG–SNX33 than the wild-type SNX33, but was also expressed at lower levels than wild-type SNX33 (Figure 3d, lower panel). This indicates that 9BAR33 is likely to be as efficient ...
"Redundancy " & "Junk" for Codons
... A third type of disease prion disease all centers around the tRNA bringing the correct amino acid along with its correct directions in terms of amount (expression) & longevity (dwell time)for the ribosome to make the protein possessing the correct structure/information-function [as] dictated by the ...
... A third type of disease prion disease all centers around the tRNA bringing the correct amino acid along with its correct directions in terms of amount (expression) & longevity (dwell time)for the ribosome to make the protein possessing the correct structure/information-function [as] dictated by the ...
S11. Computational Molecular Modeling- Week 5. 3
... in these proteins, N-terminal or C-terminal? Propose an explanation as to why the E72 and R96 are separated from each other in the mutant AS2 protein and cannot form a salt bridge like they do in the normal AS2 protein. Step 10: Turn off the amino acid labels by clicking the A5 button and turn off t ...
... in these proteins, N-terminal or C-terminal? Propose an explanation as to why the E72 and R96 are separated from each other in the mutant AS2 protein and cannot form a salt bridge like they do in the normal AS2 protein. Step 10: Turn off the amino acid labels by clicking the A5 button and turn off t ...
![[PDF]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008788904_1-3409a6f8635f4b552677a771602d28ce-300x300.png)
[PDF]
... repeats), the FMR1 message level was near double that found in normal alleles (∼30 repeats) [36,55]. In addition, some hypomethylated full mutation alleles produce substantial amounts of FMR1 message (∼4.5-fold normal) [55]. Although the precise mechanism for this overexpression is unknown, it is li ...
... repeats), the FMR1 message level was near double that found in normal alleles (∼30 repeats) [36,55]. In addition, some hypomethylated full mutation alleles produce substantial amounts of FMR1 message (∼4.5-fold normal) [55]. Although the precise mechanism for this overexpression is unknown, it is li ...
PSI
... [PSI+] manifests a nonsense suppressor phenotype [PSI+] is inherited in a non-Mendelian fashion and can be transmitted from one cell to another with cytoplasm No extrachromosomal DNA or RNA have been found to be associated with [PSI+] [PSI+] can be efficiently eliminated by protein denaturin ...
... [PSI+] manifests a nonsense suppressor phenotype [PSI+] is inherited in a non-Mendelian fashion and can be transmitted from one cell to another with cytoplasm No extrachromosomal DNA or RNA have been found to be associated with [PSI+] [PSI+] can be efficiently eliminated by protein denaturin ...
Do asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains in glycoproteins have a
... proteins may be masking of certain regions of the protein surface from interaction with the immune system of the host (14). The carbohydrate chains in Fc fragments fold back along the surface of the subunits to which they are connected. This is possible because of the presence of a cisamide bond bet ...
... proteins may be masking of certain regions of the protein surface from interaction with the immune system of the host (14). The carbohydrate chains in Fc fragments fold back along the surface of the subunits to which they are connected. This is possible because of the presence of a cisamide bond bet ...
how the ubiquitin–proteasome system controls transcription
... polymerase itself; and third, the interaction with transcriptional co-activators that facilitate activation in response to one activator, but not another. The net effect of these interactions is to reconfigure the chromatin at the locus, recruit RNA polymerase to the 5′ end of the gene’s coding sequ ...
... polymerase itself; and third, the interaction with transcriptional co-activators that facilitate activation in response to one activator, but not another. The net effect of these interactions is to reconfigure the chromatin at the locus, recruit RNA polymerase to the 5′ end of the gene’s coding sequ ...
Allosteric regulation and catalysis emerge via a common
... Allostery can be defined as the regulation of protein function, structure and/or flexibility induced by the binding of a ligand or another protein, termed an effector, at a site away from the active site, also referred to as the allosteric site. Those effectors that increase a particular protein fun ...
... Allostery can be defined as the regulation of protein function, structure and/or flexibility induced by the binding of a ligand or another protein, termed an effector, at a site away from the active site, also referred to as the allosteric site. Those effectors that increase a particular protein fun ...
Modification-specific proteomics: Strategies for characterization of
... of interest is always exposed, and less non-specific binding is likely to occur for peptides than for proteins. This approach has been successfully used for global analysis of protein lysine acetylation [3, 16], arginine methylation [17], tyrosine nitration [18], and tyrosine phosphorylation [19, 20 ...
... of interest is always exposed, and less non-specific binding is likely to occur for peptides than for proteins. This approach has been successfully used for global analysis of protein lysine acetylation [3, 16], arginine methylation [17], tyrosine nitration [18], and tyrosine phosphorylation [19, 20 ...
Lecture 3 Isoelectric Focusing
... As it passes through the gel, eg when it reaches pH 9 region, it becomes less -vely charged (pH not so much >pI) (+electrode does not attract protein so much – protein slows down) When reaches the pH 8 region, protein charge =0, -electrode no longer attracts protein, protein stops moving So no matte ...
... As it passes through the gel, eg when it reaches pH 9 region, it becomes less -vely charged (pH not so much >pI) (+electrode does not attract protein so much – protein slows down) When reaches the pH 8 region, protein charge =0, -electrode no longer attracts protein, protein stops moving So no matte ...
Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
... et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body are proteins derived from the GC, some of which are progressively released, such as PM-Scl 100. It was recently demonstra ...
... et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body are proteins derived from the GC, some of which are progressively released, such as PM-Scl 100. It was recently demonstra ...
Protein structure
... Only the size of the unit cell decrees the number of X-ray reflections that can be observed at any given resolution. X-ray data from protein crystals may involve the measurement of tens of thousands of reflections, even for a small protein crystallized in a low symmetry space-group (FIGURE 1.5). The ...
... Only the size of the unit cell decrees the number of X-ray reflections that can be observed at any given resolution. X-ray data from protein crystals may involve the measurement of tens of thousands of reflections, even for a small protein crystallized in a low symmetry space-group (FIGURE 1.5). The ...
Protein expression by a Beijing strain differs from that of another
... The Beijing strain family is a family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, speculated to have originated in Asia (van Soolingen et al., 1995), of which the strain W and strain W-like families responsible for many cases of drug resistance are a subset (Bifani et al., 2002). Molecular epidemiologica ...
... The Beijing strain family is a family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, speculated to have originated in Asia (van Soolingen et al., 1995), of which the strain W and strain W-like families responsible for many cases of drug resistance are a subset (Bifani et al., 2002). Molecular epidemiologica ...
Highly Efficient Micro RNA Enrichment
... to 40 nucleotides, and the majority of the miRNA is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides. Most of the commercially available miRNA extraction protocols co-purify the miRNA and total RNA. Therefore, the extracted samples still contain ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA with only a low percentage of ...
... to 40 nucleotides, and the majority of the miRNA is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides. Most of the commercially available miRNA extraction protocols co-purify the miRNA and total RNA. Therefore, the extracted samples still contain ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA with only a low percentage of ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Localized Amyloid β
... analysis showed that the export of Ab42 was a fast process occurring largely during the first 30 min (Figure 2B). To demonstrate that the export did not result from rupture of the microsomal membranes, the release of the ER-resident chaperone BiP was determined. BiP was not released into the superna ...
... analysis showed that the export of Ab42 was a fast process occurring largely during the first 30 min (Figure 2B). To demonstrate that the export did not result from rupture of the microsomal membranes, the release of the ER-resident chaperone BiP was determined. BiP was not released into the superna ...
Mutational analysis of exoribonuclease I from Saccharomyces
... suggests that the protein is composed of several domains: two acidic N-terminal domains which likely contain the exonuclease, a basic middle domain and a basic C-terminal domain. Deletion analysis demonstrated that the C-terminus is dispensable for most in vivo and in vitro functions but confers a d ...
... suggests that the protein is composed of several domains: two acidic N-terminal domains which likely contain the exonuclease, a basic middle domain and a basic C-terminal domain. Deletion analysis demonstrated that the C-terminus is dispensable for most in vivo and in vitro functions but confers a d ...
galactose specific
... Legume lectins: peanut lectin, winged bean basic and acidic lectins and their complexes • Multimeric proteins can assume open quaternary structures • High variability in quaternary structure while the tertiary structure is essentially same • Water bridges as a strategy for generating ligand specifi ...
... Legume lectins: peanut lectin, winged bean basic and acidic lectins and their complexes • Multimeric proteins can assume open quaternary structures • High variability in quaternary structure while the tertiary structure is essentially same • Water bridges as a strategy for generating ligand specifi ...
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... member of this family, dock2, has previously been annotated in zebrafish and shown to be expressed specifically in macrophages (Thisse et al., 2001), a pattern reminiscent of the haematopoietic restriction of human DOCK2 (Nishihara et al., 1999). We therefore focussed our attention on the identifica ...
... member of this family, dock2, has previously been annotated in zebrafish and shown to be expressed specifically in macrophages (Thisse et al., 2001), a pattern reminiscent of the haematopoietic restriction of human DOCK2 (Nishihara et al., 1999). We therefore focussed our attention on the identifica ...
Roles for Regulator of G Protein Signaling Proteins in Synaptic
... et al., 1999; Han et al., 2006) (Table 1). While many RGS proteins can act as a GAP on Gaq and/or Gai/o, a key feature of RGS2 is the induction of its expression in response to stimuli capable of evoking plasticity in multiple brain regions, leading to the characterization of RGS2 as an immediate ea ...
... et al., 1999; Han et al., 2006) (Table 1). While many RGS proteins can act as a GAP on Gaq and/or Gai/o, a key feature of RGS2 is the induction of its expression in response to stimuli capable of evoking plasticity in multiple brain regions, leading to the characterization of RGS2 as an immediate ea ...
RNAi: nature abhors a double-strand György Hutvágner and Phillip
... the target sequence was cleaved were precisely confined to the region spanned by the sequence of the dsRNA. In no case were cleavages observed upstream from the sequence present in the dsRNA, as would have been predicted from the ‘random degradative PCR model’. Although the ‘random degradative PCR’ ...
... the target sequence was cleaved were precisely confined to the region spanned by the sequence of the dsRNA. In no case were cleavages observed upstream from the sequence present in the dsRNA, as would have been predicted from the ‘random degradative PCR model’. Although the ‘random degradative PCR’ ...
RIBOZYMES
... Like the hammerhead ribozyme it is found in RNA satellites of plant viruses. It was first identified in the minus strand of the tobacco ring spot virus (TRSV) satellite RNA where it catalyzes self-cleavage and joining (ligation) reactions to process the products of rolling circle virus replicati ...
... Like the hammerhead ribozyme it is found in RNA satellites of plant viruses. It was first identified in the minus strand of the tobacco ring spot virus (TRSV) satellite RNA where it catalyzes self-cleavage and joining (ligation) reactions to process the products of rolling circle virus replicati ...
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry: Analysis
... phosphorylation (by dephosphorylation or in another experimental condition). As the amount of phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated peptide must add up to the same value in both experiments, the relative ionization efficiency and hence the stochiometry of the phosphopeptide can be determined24–26. St ...
... phosphorylation (by dephosphorylation or in another experimental condition). As the amount of phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated peptide must add up to the same value in both experiments, the relative ionization efficiency and hence the stochiometry of the phosphopeptide can be determined24–26. St ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.