Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry: Analysis
... phosphorylation (by dephosphorylation or in another experimental condition). As the amount of phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated peptide must add up to the same value in both experiments, the relative ionization efficiency and hence the stochiometry of the phosphopeptide can be determined24–26. St ...
... phosphorylation (by dephosphorylation or in another experimental condition). As the amount of phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated peptide must add up to the same value in both experiments, the relative ionization efficiency and hence the stochiometry of the phosphopeptide can be determined24–26. St ...
Protein Analysis - GRiSP Research Solutions
... by cellular lysis using a buffer containing detergents to further enrich the protein of interest within the extract. Frequently, cultured cells can be ruptured using a detergent buffer without mechanical methods. The chemical structure of detergents enables them to disrupt membranes and solublize pr ...
... by cellular lysis using a buffer containing detergents to further enrich the protein of interest within the extract. Frequently, cultured cells can be ruptured using a detergent buffer without mechanical methods. The chemical structure of detergents enables them to disrupt membranes and solublize pr ...
Cell-Free (In Vitro) Protein Expression
... Use in many applications including pull downs, co-immunoprecipitations, mobility shift assays… ...
... Use in many applications including pull downs, co-immunoprecipitations, mobility shift assays… ...
Study of Different Variants of Mo Enzyme crARC and the Interaction
... the MW estimated by SEC are protein larger than respect to those of separate proteins. The high crARC temporal stability found previously allowed predicted from their amino acids sequence. This means that the MW obtained by SEC can us be to perform the SEC the confidence of no protein experiment. ov ...
... the MW estimated by SEC are protein larger than respect to those of separate proteins. The high crARC temporal stability found previously allowed predicted from their amino acids sequence. This means that the MW obtained by SEC can us be to perform the SEC the confidence of no protein experiment. ov ...
Control of alternative splicing in immune responses: many
... Summary: Most mammalian pre-mRNAs are alternatively spliced in a manner that alters the resulting open reading frame. Consequently, alternative pre-mRNA splicing provides an important RNA-based layer of protein regulation and cellular function. The ubiquitous nature of alternative splicing coupled w ...
... Summary: Most mammalian pre-mRNAs are alternatively spliced in a manner that alters the resulting open reading frame. Consequently, alternative pre-mRNA splicing provides an important RNA-based layer of protein regulation and cellular function. The ubiquitous nature of alternative splicing coupled w ...
Conserved mechanisms of Ras regulation of evolutionary
... evolution. However, the ets domain-DNA complex has distinct features, such as the way the HLH element is oriented relative to the major groove and the manner in which a tryptophan intercalates into the minor groove, resulting in a kink and widening of the DNA (Werner et al., 1995). The ets family ha ...
... evolution. However, the ets domain-DNA complex has distinct features, such as the way the HLH element is oriented relative to the major groove and the manner in which a tryptophan intercalates into the minor groove, resulting in a kink and widening of the DNA (Werner et al., 1995). The ets family ha ...
Identification of a Protein with Antioxidant Activity that is Important for
... Beer flavour is determined by its chemical composition, which includes proteins and volatile flavour compounds such as esters, alcohols, fatty acids, sulphur compounds and ketones. The stability of these chemical components determines the shelf life of packaged beer. As the exportation of beer conti ...
... Beer flavour is determined by its chemical composition, which includes proteins and volatile flavour compounds such as esters, alcohols, fatty acids, sulphur compounds and ketones. The stability of these chemical components determines the shelf life of packaged beer. As the exportation of beer conti ...
Temporal Regulation of RNA Polymerase II by Srb10 and Kin28
... Srb10 is a negative regulator of transcription in vivo. An artificial holoenzyme recruitment assay (Barberis et al., 1995; Farrell et al., 1996; reviewed in Ptashne and Gann, 1997) provides another in vivo test of the hypothesis that Srb10 is a negative regulator. Tethering of a holoenzyme component ...
... Srb10 is a negative regulator of transcription in vivo. An artificial holoenzyme recruitment assay (Barberis et al., 1995; Farrell et al., 1996; reviewed in Ptashne and Gann, 1997) provides another in vivo test of the hypothesis that Srb10 is a negative regulator. Tethering of a holoenzyme component ...
A Nascent Membrane Protein Is Located Adjacent to ER Membrane
... either as a stop-transfer or a signal-anchor sequence, were synthesized by in vitro translation of truncated mRNAs in the presence of N~-(5-azido-2 nitrobenzoyl)-Lys-tRNA, signal recognition particle, and microsomal membranes. This yielded nascent chains with photoreactive probes at one end of the t ...
... either as a stop-transfer or a signal-anchor sequence, were synthesized by in vitro translation of truncated mRNAs in the presence of N~-(5-azido-2 nitrobenzoyl)-Lys-tRNA, signal recognition particle, and microsomal membranes. This yielded nascent chains with photoreactive probes at one end of the t ...
A Nascent Membrane Protein Is Located Adjacent to
... either as a stop-transfer or a signal-anchor sequence, were synthesized by in vitro translation of truncated mRNAs in the presence of N~-(5-azido-2 nitrobenzoyl)-Lys-tRNA, signal recognition particle, and microsomal membranes. This yielded nascent chains with photoreactive probes at one end of the t ...
... either as a stop-transfer or a signal-anchor sequence, were synthesized by in vitro translation of truncated mRNAs in the presence of N~-(5-azido-2 nitrobenzoyl)-Lys-tRNA, signal recognition particle, and microsomal membranes. This yielded nascent chains with photoreactive probes at one end of the t ...
Protein secretion and surface display in Gram
... spdABC (surface protein display), as being required for the trafficking of YSIRK/GS proteins into the cross wall compartment [65]. Mutants that lack any one of the three spdABC genes display increased thickness of the cross wall compartment and delayed cell separation during staphylococcal cell divi ...
... spdABC (surface protein display), as being required for the trafficking of YSIRK/GS proteins into the cross wall compartment [65]. Mutants that lack any one of the three spdABC genes display increased thickness of the cross wall compartment and delayed cell separation during staphylococcal cell divi ...
Chloroplast phosphoglycerate kinase from Euglena gracilis
... almost identical proteins of 423 amino acids that differ in only one residue. Asp422 of the second PGK protein (and also of the identical C-terminal fragment of the first unit) was replaced by Asn in the third PGK protein at the 3¢ end. At the nucleotide level sequence identity of the PGK segments is ...
... almost identical proteins of 423 amino acids that differ in only one residue. Asp422 of the second PGK protein (and also of the identical C-terminal fragment of the first unit) was replaced by Asn in the third PGK protein at the 3¢ end. At the nucleotide level sequence identity of the PGK segments is ...
Peroxisomes: family of versatile organelles
... a heterodimer with another nuclear receptor, the retinoid-X receptor (RXR), that binds retinoic acid (related to vitamin A); Next, the PPAR/RXR complex binds to DNA sequences containing repeats of hexanucleotide: AGGTCA, known as peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE). These repeats were fo ...
... a heterodimer with another nuclear receptor, the retinoid-X receptor (RXR), that binds retinoic acid (related to vitamin A); Next, the PPAR/RXR complex binds to DNA sequences containing repeats of hexanucleotide: AGGTCA, known as peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE). These repeats were fo ...
Synthesis of RNA - Stamm revision
... splint oligonucleotide. Could you make a figure for this? The required RNA segments can either all be prepared by chemical synthesis or larger fragments can be generated enzymatically by in vitro transcription using T7 RNA polymerase. Although T7 RNA polymerase accepts certain modified NTPs as subst ...
... splint oligonucleotide. Could you make a figure for this? The required RNA segments can either all be prepared by chemical synthesis or larger fragments can be generated enzymatically by in vitro transcription using T7 RNA polymerase. Although T7 RNA polymerase accepts certain modified NTPs as subst ...
Determination of protein regions responsible for interactions of
... between human CD63 and (i) mouse amelogenin, (ii) mouse enamelin, and (iii) rat ameloblastin [11]. These previously identified protein–protein interactions were used in this study as positive controls (Table 2, rows b–d). Tompkins et al. [16] have identified the interaction between mouse amelogenin ...
... between human CD63 and (i) mouse amelogenin, (ii) mouse enamelin, and (iii) rat ameloblastin [11]. These previously identified protein–protein interactions were used in this study as positive controls (Table 2, rows b–d). Tompkins et al. [16] have identified the interaction between mouse amelogenin ...
Protein quality control and elimination of protein waste: The role of
... of aberrant proteins in this early stage of a protein's life. Several E3 ligases are responsible for the ubiquitination of nascent polypeptides which have arisen from defective mRNA like nonstop mRNA causing ...
... of aberrant proteins in this early stage of a protein's life. Several E3 ligases are responsible for the ubiquitination of nascent polypeptides which have arisen from defective mRNA like nonstop mRNA causing ...
Selective Dimerization of a C2H2 Zinc Finger Subfamily
... that coordinate zinc, C2H2 fingers contain conserved hybrophobic residues that pack in the hydrophobic core. These conserved amino acids lead to the formation of the characteristic structure comprised of a twostranded antiparallel  sheet and an ␣ helix (see Figure 7A). Structures of several C2H2 do ...
... that coordinate zinc, C2H2 fingers contain conserved hybrophobic residues that pack in the hydrophobic core. These conserved amino acids lead to the formation of the characteristic structure comprised of a twostranded antiparallel  sheet and an ␣ helix (see Figure 7A). Structures of several C2H2 do ...
The Arabidopsis Rab5 Homologs Rha1 and Ara7 Localize to the
... AtPEP12p:HA. One possible explanation is that a minor portion of Rha1 may localize to other compartments. These results strongly suggest that both GFP:Rha1 and GFP:Ara7 colocalize to the PVC. For additional confirmation, we compared the localization of GFP:Rha1 with that of the endogenous Arabidopsi ...
... AtPEP12p:HA. One possible explanation is that a minor portion of Rha1 may localize to other compartments. These results strongly suggest that both GFP:Rha1 and GFP:Ara7 colocalize to the PVC. For additional confirmation, we compared the localization of GFP:Rha1 with that of the endogenous Arabidopsi ...
Multivariate Modeling of Proteins Related to
... understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in protein content between healthy and myalgic trapezius muscle using proteomics. Muscle biopsies from 12 female cleaners with work-related trapezius myalgia and 12 pain free female cleaners were obtained from the descending part o ...
... understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in protein content between healthy and myalgic trapezius muscle using proteomics. Muscle biopsies from 12 female cleaners with work-related trapezius myalgia and 12 pain free female cleaners were obtained from the descending part o ...
Recombinant expression and characterisation of monofunctional S-
... domains. The deduced amino acid sequence of the bifunctional PfAdoMetDC/ODC predicted a molecular mass of 166 kDa for the polypeptide, whereas the recombinantly expressed enzyme had a molecular mass of -330 kDa. This suggested that the enzyme consists of a heterotetrameric structure derived from two ...
... domains. The deduced amino acid sequence of the bifunctional PfAdoMetDC/ODC predicted a molecular mass of 166 kDa for the polypeptide, whereas the recombinantly expressed enzyme had a molecular mass of -330 kDa. This suggested that the enzyme consists of a heterotetrameric structure derived from two ...
Single Processing Center Models for Human Dicer and Bacterial
... tially cleaves off siRNAs from the termini of dsRNA substrates (Zhang et al., 2002). We took advantage of this observation to map cleavage sites introduced by the wt and mutant proteins in the 30 bp substrate. The 30 bp dsRNA can be cleaved by Dicer only once yielding the ⵑ21 nt siRNA-like products ...
... tially cleaves off siRNAs from the termini of dsRNA substrates (Zhang et al., 2002). We took advantage of this observation to map cleavage sites introduced by the wt and mutant proteins in the 30 bp substrate. The 30 bp dsRNA can be cleaved by Dicer only once yielding the ⵑ21 nt siRNA-like products ...
Molecular Microbiology
... virulence function of HopZ1b on soybean is redundant with other T3SE(s) in PgyBR1 under our experimental conditions. Nevertheless, the ability to promote non-host bacterial growth and the ubiquitous distribution in Pgy strains strongly suggests that HopZ1b plays a role in facilitating bacterial infe ...
... virulence function of HopZ1b on soybean is redundant with other T3SE(s) in PgyBR1 under our experimental conditions. Nevertheless, the ability to promote non-host bacterial growth and the ubiquitous distribution in Pgy strains strongly suggests that HopZ1b plays a role in facilitating bacterial infe ...
Internal ribosome entry in the coding region of murine hepatitis virus
... Z5ab N, where the 5'-proximal and 5'-distal ORFs, ORF Z and ORF 5b/bl°/b N, are translated, whilst the internal ORF, ORF 5a, is translationally inactive. Clearly, the upstream ORF Z, provides an effective barrier to scanning ribosomes but does not prevent the initiation of ORF 5b translation. Our co ...
... Z5ab N, where the 5'-proximal and 5'-distal ORFs, ORF Z and ORF 5b/bl°/b N, are translated, whilst the internal ORF, ORF 5a, is translationally inactive. Clearly, the upstream ORF Z, provides an effective barrier to scanning ribosomes but does not prevent the initiation of ORF 5b translation. Our co ...
Title Scaffold proteins in mammalian MAP kinase
... gest that β-arrestins may also function as scaffold proteins in the ERK and JNK3 cascades (35–37). Other Potential Scaffolds—Recent studies suggest there may be other mammalian MAPK signaling scaffold proteins in addition to those described above, e.g., Filamin, an actin-binding protein (38), SKRP1, ...
... gest that β-arrestins may also function as scaffold proteins in the ERK and JNK3 cascades (35–37). Other Potential Scaffolds—Recent studies suggest there may be other mammalian MAPK signaling scaffold proteins in addition to those described above, e.g., Filamin, an actin-binding protein (38), SKRP1, ...
A Per-ARNT-Sim-Like Sensor Domain Uniquely
... Ye, 1999; Ratcliffe et al., 2000, Otsuga et al., 2001). Loss of REV function leads to failure to produce axillary meristems and functional floral meristems. It also leads to alteration of vascular patterning within the stem. When rev mutations are combined with loss-of-function mutations in the PHB ...
... Ye, 1999; Ratcliffe et al., 2000, Otsuga et al., 2001). Loss of REV function leads to failure to produce axillary meristems and functional floral meristems. It also leads to alteration of vascular patterning within the stem. When rev mutations are combined with loss-of-function mutations in the PHB ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.