Translocation of proteins across archaeal cytoplasmic membranes
... pore via class 3 signal sequences (Fig. 1(a)). Distinct from class 1 and class 2 signal sequences, class 3 signal sequences contain a highly conserved cleavage site between the N and H domains that is recognized by the type IV pilin peptidase (Fig. 1(a)) [32]. Cleavage of this signal sequence thus r ...
... pore via class 3 signal sequences (Fig. 1(a)). Distinct from class 1 and class 2 signal sequences, class 3 signal sequences contain a highly conserved cleavage site between the N and H domains that is recognized by the type IV pilin peptidase (Fig. 1(a)) [32]. Cleavage of this signal sequence thus r ...
PSLDoc: Protein subcellular localization prediction based on
... vectors, and each classifier generates a probability distribution of subcellular localization sites; the second-level SVM is considered as a jury SVM that yields a final probability distribution based on those generated in the previous stage and determines the final prediction as the site of the hig ...
... vectors, and each classifier generates a probability distribution of subcellular localization sites; the second-level SVM is considered as a jury SVM that yields a final probability distribution based on those generated in the previous stage and determines the final prediction as the site of the hig ...
Simultaneous Alignment and Folding of Protein Sequences
... to proteins is more difficult and less defined. For proteins, the variety of structures is much more complicated and diverse than the standard RNA structure model, requiring our initial step of constructing an abstract template for the structure. Moreover, for proteins, there is no clear chemical ba ...
... to proteins is more difficult and less defined. For proteins, the variety of structures is much more complicated and diverse than the standard RNA structure model, requiring our initial step of constructing an abstract template for the structure. Moreover, for proteins, there is no clear chemical ba ...
A Novel Role for Vitamin K1 in a Tyrosine Phosphorylation
... type III and immunoglobulin motifs common to extracellular matrix proteins, neural cell adhesion molecules, and cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase or phosphatase activities (13, 14). It is believed that these RTKs may be bifunctional, acting both as cell adhesion proteins and as components ...
... type III and immunoglobulin motifs common to extracellular matrix proteins, neural cell adhesion molecules, and cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase or phosphatase activities (13, 14). It is believed that these RTKs may be bifunctional, acting both as cell adhesion proteins and as components ...
Modeling RNA Molecules
... should remember that the purpose of molecular modeling is functional insight, not detailed atomic models per se. Therefore, as we seek to improve our abilities to construct 3D models for molecules for which we do not yet have experimental atomic-resolution structures, we should bear in mind that it ...
... should remember that the purpose of molecular modeling is functional insight, not detailed atomic models per se. Therefore, as we seek to improve our abilities to construct 3D models for molecules for which we do not yet have experimental atomic-resolution structures, we should bear in mind that it ...
The UBA2 Domain Functions as an Intrinsic Stabilization Signal that
... The presence of several characteristic structural domains highlights the close relationship of Rad23 with the ubiquitin/proteasome system. Rad23 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (UbL) domain and two ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains: an internal UBA1 domain and a C-terminal UBA2 domain (Buchbe ...
... The presence of several characteristic structural domains highlights the close relationship of Rad23 with the ubiquitin/proteasome system. Rad23 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (UbL) domain and two ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains: an internal UBA1 domain and a C-terminal UBA2 domain (Buchbe ...
Promiscuity of the Euonymus Carbohydrate-Binding Domain
... in the dehydration-susceptible variety is 6.4-fold lower [27]. It was put forward that EUL proteins might contribute towards dehydration tolerance [27]. Furthermore Moons et al. [20] suggested that some rice EUL proteins play an important role in the response of plant tissues to salt and osmotic str ...
... in the dehydration-susceptible variety is 6.4-fold lower [27]. It was put forward that EUL proteins might contribute towards dehydration tolerance [27]. Furthermore Moons et al. [20] suggested that some rice EUL proteins play an important role in the response of plant tissues to salt and osmotic str ...
Tubular structures involved in movement of cowpea mosaic virus are
... tubular structures appeared to consist of a tubule enclosing virus-like particles, loosely enveloped by plasma membrane (Fig. 6b and c). In many cases the plasma membrane along the tubule was ruptured or even absent. The phenomenon observed in ultrathin sections, whereby two (or even more) tubules w ...
... tubular structures appeared to consist of a tubule enclosing virus-like particles, loosely enveloped by plasma membrane (Fig. 6b and c). In many cases the plasma membrane along the tubule was ruptured or even absent. The phenomenon observed in ultrathin sections, whereby two (or even more) tubules w ...
Making protein (translation)
... Part II: Translation • Using the length of messenger RNA to assemble amino acids into proteins. • Takes place in a ribosome. ...
... Part II: Translation • Using the length of messenger RNA to assemble amino acids into proteins. • Takes place in a ribosome. ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... A major difference in the production of mRNA depends on the locations where transcription and translation occur: In bacteria, mRNA is transcribed and translated in the single cellular compartment; and the two processes are so closely linked that they occur simultaneously. Since ribosomes attach t ...
... A major difference in the production of mRNA depends on the locations where transcription and translation occur: In bacteria, mRNA is transcribed and translated in the single cellular compartment; and the two processes are so closely linked that they occur simultaneously. Since ribosomes attach t ...
Mineral Catalysis and Prebiotic Synthesis: Montmorillonite
... the Murchison meteorite contains seventeen classes of organics compounds that seem to have been formed by random processes (Cronin 1998). Given this chemical diversity, a process like catalysis is required to select just those compounds that can react and combine to form the complex biomolecules and ...
... the Murchison meteorite contains seventeen classes of organics compounds that seem to have been formed by random processes (Cronin 1998). Given this chemical diversity, a process like catalysis is required to select just those compounds that can react and combine to form the complex biomolecules and ...
ELEM_CouvC_V1n3 copy
... the Murchison meteorite contains seventeen classes of organics compounds that seem to have been formed by random processes (Cronin 1998). Given this chemical diversity, a process like catalysis is required to select just those compounds that can react and combine to form the complex biomolecules and ...
... the Murchison meteorite contains seventeen classes of organics compounds that seem to have been formed by random processes (Cronin 1998). Given this chemical diversity, a process like catalysis is required to select just those compounds that can react and combine to form the complex biomolecules and ...
TFE3 contains two activation domains, one acidic and the other
... is attributable to the Pro-rich domain. Furthermore, without the exon encoding the 35 amino acid AAD, the remaining N-terminal and bHLHZIP domains are devoid of transactivating potential. To rule out the possibility that differential protein expression confounds the interpretation of our results, im ...
... is attributable to the Pro-rich domain. Furthermore, without the exon encoding the 35 amino acid AAD, the remaining N-terminal and bHLHZIP domains are devoid of transactivating potential. To rule out the possibility that differential protein expression confounds the interpretation of our results, im ...
SPECIFIC PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CELLULAR
... synthesis was stopped rapidly by transferring the tissue to 2-4 ml of an ice slurry of hypotonie buffer containing 10 mm Tris-HCI, pH 7.4, 50 mm KCI, and 10 mm MgC1 2 at 0 °C in a glass 7 ml Dounce homogenizer. The KCI concentration was changed where noted in the Results . All the following operatio ...
... synthesis was stopped rapidly by transferring the tissue to 2-4 ml of an ice slurry of hypotonie buffer containing 10 mm Tris-HCI, pH 7.4, 50 mm KCI, and 10 mm MgC1 2 at 0 °C in a glass 7 ml Dounce homogenizer. The KCI concentration was changed where noted in the Results . All the following operatio ...
RNA 3`-terminal phosphate cyclases and cyclase
... enzyme in all life forms suggests that its activity is important. The initial suggestion [45] that the enzyme might be involved in the generation of the cyclic phosphate 3’ end of U6 snRNA should be disregarded, since another enzyme, exoribonuclease Usb1, has been shown to perform this function [6] ...
... enzyme in all life forms suggests that its activity is important. The initial suggestion [45] that the enzyme might be involved in the generation of the cyclic phosphate 3’ end of U6 snRNA should be disregarded, since another enzyme, exoribonuclease Usb1, has been shown to perform this function [6] ...
RNA Isolation and Technology Applications
... germ and Escherichia coli – All are prepared as crude extracts containing all the macromolecular components required for translation of exogenous RNA – Standard translation systems, such as reticulocyte lysates and wheat germ extracts, use RNA as a template ...
... germ and Escherichia coli – All are prepared as crude extracts containing all the macromolecular components required for translation of exogenous RNA – Standard translation systems, such as reticulocyte lysates and wheat germ extracts, use RNA as a template ...
ARTÍCULOS
... characterize the interaction between H-NS and Hha. We show that the presence of DNA in preparations of copurified His-Hha and H-NS is not directly implicated in the interaction between the proteins. The precise molecular mass of the H-NS protein retained by Hha, obtained by mass spectrometry analysis ...
... characterize the interaction between H-NS and Hha. We show that the presence of DNA in preparations of copurified His-Hha and H-NS is not directly implicated in the interaction between the proteins. The precise molecular mass of the H-NS protein retained by Hha, obtained by mass spectrometry analysis ...
Arabidopsis Genes Encoding Components of the
... be GTP-binding proteins (Kessler et al., 1994; Seedorf et al., 1995). A recent report by Sohrt and Soll (2000) has also implicated a fourth component, Toc64, as being a member of the outer membrane import machinery. Hydrolysis of low concentrations of ATP in the cytoplasm or intermembrane space resu ...
... be GTP-binding proteins (Kessler et al., 1994; Seedorf et al., 1995). A recent report by Sohrt and Soll (2000) has also implicated a fourth component, Toc64, as being a member of the outer membrane import machinery. Hydrolysis of low concentrations of ATP in the cytoplasm or intermembrane space resu ...
Determination of Protein Molecular Weight
... weight of a protein is of fundamental importance to its biochemical characterization. If the amino acid composition or sequence is known, the exact molecular weight of a polypeptide can be calculated. This assumes that the protein does not contain any “non-amino acid” chemical groups (heme, zinc, co ...
... weight of a protein is of fundamental importance to its biochemical characterization. If the amino acid composition or sequence is known, the exact molecular weight of a polypeptide can be calculated. This assumes that the protein does not contain any “non-amino acid” chemical groups (heme, zinc, co ...
Cross-linking in the Living Cell Locates the Site of Action of
... Reagents and Materials—All of the compounds used in this study were synthesized at Pharmacia Corp. by previously published methods (24). Carrier-free 125I-labeled PNU-259621 (abbreviated 125I-XL)1 and the corresponding unlabeled compound were prepared using chloramine T and sodium iodide (26). Lysos ...
... Reagents and Materials—All of the compounds used in this study were synthesized at Pharmacia Corp. by previously published methods (24). Carrier-free 125I-labeled PNU-259621 (abbreviated 125I-XL)1 and the corresponding unlabeled compound were prepared using chloramine T and sodium iodide (26). Lysos ...
Thermodynamic analysis of the unfolding and stability of the dimeric
... essential in the assembly of supramolecular nucleoprotein complexes and is also involved in a variety of DNA metabolic events, such as replication, transcription and transposition [11,12]. Its ability to repair DNA [13,14] and to prevent DNA duplex melting [7] has also been described. HU proteins fr ...
... essential in the assembly of supramolecular nucleoprotein complexes and is also involved in a variety of DNA metabolic events, such as replication, transcription and transposition [11,12]. Its ability to repair DNA [13,14] and to prevent DNA duplex melting [7] has also been described. HU proteins fr ...
Dynamics of Protein Tyrosine Nitration and
... different N-terminal inserts and microtubule binding repeats [65]. Endogenous tyrosine residues prone to be nitrated in tau protein are at 18, 29, 197, 310, and 394 position (numbers correspond to the longest tau isoform, which contains441 amino acids). In vitro, selectively of ONOO- mediated tyrosi ...
... different N-terminal inserts and microtubule binding repeats [65]. Endogenous tyrosine residues prone to be nitrated in tau protein are at 18, 29, 197, 310, and 394 position (numbers correspond to the longest tau isoform, which contains441 amino acids). In vitro, selectively of ONOO- mediated tyrosi ...
characterisation of novel proteins
... characterisation of the transferred genes, their origin, function and stability; changes at the DNA, protein and whole food levels; compositional analyses; evaluation of intended and unintended changes; and the potential for the newly expressed proteins to be either allergenic or toxic to humans. Hi ...
... characterisation of the transferred genes, their origin, function and stability; changes at the DNA, protein and whole food levels; compositional analyses; evaluation of intended and unintended changes; and the potential for the newly expressed proteins to be either allergenic or toxic to humans. Hi ...
The Ubiquitin System for Protein Degradation and Some of Its Roles
... released only in 1946, so we did not know for four years whether or not he was alive. In the spring of 1944, Hungary3s dictator Horthy understood that Germany was losing the war, and planned to desert. The Germans sensed this and quickly occupied Hungary. This was followed by the rapid extermination ...
... released only in 1946, so we did not know for four years whether or not he was alive. In the spring of 1944, Hungary3s dictator Horthy understood that Germany was losing the war, and planned to desert. The Germans sensed this and quickly occupied Hungary. This was followed by the rapid extermination ...
Comparative analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNAs using
... from a limited number of cells picked up from speci¢c ...
... from a limited number of cells picked up from speci¢c ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.