HIV-1 Vpr-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion proteins
... molecular weight of the different Vpr-CAT fusion proteins ranged between approximately 29 kDa and 35 kDa. Analysis of viral lysates indicates that Vpr-CAT fusion proteins R1-42CAT, R1-80CAT, R1-88CAT and R1488CAT are packaged into virions at various levels as compared with the wild-type Vpr (Figure ...
... molecular weight of the different Vpr-CAT fusion proteins ranged between approximately 29 kDa and 35 kDa. Analysis of viral lysates indicates that Vpr-CAT fusion proteins R1-42CAT, R1-80CAT, R1-88CAT and R1488CAT are packaged into virions at various levels as compared with the wild-type Vpr (Figure ...
9/12
... Lophotrichous = tuft at one or both ends Peritrichous = spread evenly over the entire surface Arrangement can be useful in identification ...
... Lophotrichous = tuft at one or both ends Peritrichous = spread evenly over the entire surface Arrangement can be useful in identification ...
origins debate intro
... should take notes, as they will not be allowed to keep the original handout. (2) Next, join back together in your 4-member working groups. The teams will educate each other on the different hypotheses. Each team will have 10 minutes to present and instruct the other team. At the end of this section, ...
... should take notes, as they will not be allowed to keep the original handout. (2) Next, join back together in your 4-member working groups. The teams will educate each other on the different hypotheses. Each team will have 10 minutes to present and instruct the other team. At the end of this section, ...
Sequence±structure±function studies of tRNA
... Methylation of nucleic acids is catalyzed by a large and diverse class of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent methyltransferases. The enzymes characterized to date include members of two unrelated superfamilies: `classical' Rossmann-fold-like (1,2) and SPOUT (3). The relatively small SPOUT su ...
... Methylation of nucleic acids is catalyzed by a large and diverse class of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent methyltransferases. The enzymes characterized to date include members of two unrelated superfamilies: `classical' Rossmann-fold-like (1,2) and SPOUT (3). The relatively small SPOUT su ...
The African Swine Fever Virus Proteins p54 and p30 Are
... two additional proteins of 25 and 30 kDa were detected as attached to macrophages (Fig. 1A). The use of 0.5 M NaCl in the treatments did not modify the number of solubilized proteins attached to susceptible cells. Similar experiments of incubation with virus-released proteins were carried out in the ...
... two additional proteins of 25 and 30 kDa were detected as attached to macrophages (Fig. 1A). The use of 0.5 M NaCl in the treatments did not modify the number of solubilized proteins attached to susceptible cells. Similar experiments of incubation with virus-released proteins were carried out in the ...
High Resolution Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis of Proteins*
... was followed by a chase period of 30 min during which time the nematodes were fed unlabeled E. coli. After this time no labeled E. coli proteins could be detected. Sample ...
... was followed by a chase period of 30 min during which time the nematodes were fed unlabeled E. coli. After this time no labeled E. coli proteins could be detected. Sample ...
C-terminal Truncation of p21H Preserves Crucial Kinetic and
... either at position 12/13 or 59/61 (for reviews see Refs. 1-3). The p21 protein products of the Ha-, K-, and N-ras genes have identical amino acid sequences for the first 80 amino acids and aremore than 85%identical up to amino acids 1641 165. The C-terminal25amino acids are very divergent, except fo ...
... either at position 12/13 or 59/61 (for reviews see Refs. 1-3). The p21 protein products of the Ha-, K-, and N-ras genes have identical amino acid sequences for the first 80 amino acids and aremore than 85%identical up to amino acids 1641 165. The C-terminal25amino acids are very divergent, except fo ...
- Wiley Online Library
... causes the substitution of the CAG codon, encoding glutamine, to a CIG codon, which encodes arginine. This amino acid exchange dramatically affects the Ca2+ permeability of the AMPA receptor.56 About 99% of the primary transcripts undergo editing at this position and therefore the vast majority of G ...
... causes the substitution of the CAG codon, encoding glutamine, to a CIG codon, which encodes arginine. This amino acid exchange dramatically affects the Ca2+ permeability of the AMPA receptor.56 About 99% of the primary transcripts undergo editing at this position and therefore the vast majority of G ...
Determination and Quantification of Molecular Interactions in Protein
... electrostatic, hydrophobic and disulfide interactions. The tertiary structure is the overall shape of a protein molecule. This structure is stabilized by intermolecular interactions of lateral chains. For a quarternary structure several protein molecules must be joined together to a functional prote ...
... electrostatic, hydrophobic and disulfide interactions. The tertiary structure is the overall shape of a protein molecule. This structure is stabilized by intermolecular interactions of lateral chains. For a quarternary structure several protein molecules must be joined together to a functional prote ...
Usha`s project - The University of Texas at Dallas
... function of a protein. This is because it was assumed that proteins with similar sequences have similar functions and structures and are evolutionary related.. However sequence similarity searches can evolutionary relationships only when there is a sequence identity up to 25%. For those proteins bel ...
... function of a protein. This is because it was assumed that proteins with similar sequences have similar functions and structures and are evolutionary related.. However sequence similarity searches can evolutionary relationships only when there is a sequence identity up to 25%. For those proteins bel ...
Novel Multiprotein Complexes Identified in the Hyperthermophilic
... in their dynamic range and typically identify only high abundance proteins (27). The goal of this research is to develop a global method to identify novel protein complexes (PCs)1 independent of a genetic system and applicable to any organism with available native biomass. The approach involves mult ...
... in their dynamic range and typically identify only high abundance proteins (27). The goal of this research is to develop a global method to identify novel protein complexes (PCs)1 independent of a genetic system and applicable to any organism with available native biomass. The approach involves mult ...
Posttranslational Protein Modiications in Plant
... the cleavage of proteins into smaller fragments (by proteolysis or chemical cleavage) prior to MS analysis. In contrast, in top-down proteomics, proteins are not digested into smaller fragments but rather injected and analyzed by a specialized mass spectrometer in its entirety. In middle-down proteo ...
... the cleavage of proteins into smaller fragments (by proteolysis or chemical cleavage) prior to MS analysis. In contrast, in top-down proteomics, proteins are not digested into smaller fragments but rather injected and analyzed by a specialized mass spectrometer in its entirety. In middle-down proteo ...
Posttranslational Protein Modiications in Plant
... the cleavage of proteins into smaller fragments (by proteolysis or chemical cleavage) prior to MS analysis. In contrast, in top-down proteomics, proteins are not digested into smaller fragments but rather injected and analyzed by a specialized mass spectrometer in its entirety. In middle-down proteo ...
... the cleavage of proteins into smaller fragments (by proteolysis or chemical cleavage) prior to MS analysis. In contrast, in top-down proteomics, proteins are not digested into smaller fragments but rather injected and analyzed by a specialized mass spectrometer in its entirety. In middle-down proteo ...
PROTEIN METABOLISM
... In 1964 Nirenberg and Philip Leder achieved another experimental breakthrough. Isolated E. coli ribosomes would bind a specific aminoacyl-tRNA in the presence of the corresponding synthetic polynucleotide messenger. (By convention, the identity of a tRNA is indicated by a superscript, such as tRNAAl ...
... In 1964 Nirenberg and Philip Leder achieved another experimental breakthrough. Isolated E. coli ribosomes would bind a specific aminoacyl-tRNA in the presence of the corresponding synthetic polynucleotide messenger. (By convention, the identity of a tRNA is indicated by a superscript, such as tRNAAl ...
Effect of surface hydrophobicity distribution on retention
... Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is an important technique for protein purification, which exploits the hydrophobic character of proteins promoting their separation based on hydrophobic interactions between stationary phase ligands and hydrophobic regions on the protein surface [1]. In H ...
... Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is an important technique for protein purification, which exploits the hydrophobic character of proteins promoting their separation based on hydrophobic interactions between stationary phase ligands and hydrophobic regions on the protein surface [1]. In H ...
Control of Pre-mRNA Splicing by the General Splicing Factors
... splicing factors that are important for splicing in vivo, but may be dispensable for detection of basal splicing of introns with strong consensus splice sites, which have traditionally been used in most mechanistic studies of splicing in vitro. We were interested in identifying splicing factors requ ...
... splicing factors that are important for splicing in vivo, but may be dispensable for detection of basal splicing of introns with strong consensus splice sites, which have traditionally been used in most mechanistic studies of splicing in vitro. We were interested in identifying splicing factors requ ...
Functional recognition of fragmented operator sites
... The genotypes of the bacteriological reagents used in this work are illustrated in Table 1. The P22 bacteriophages that encode a consensus operator site or a fragmented operator site in the 5′-end of the ant gene were constructed by homologous recombination in Salmonella typhimurium strain MS1883 as ...
... The genotypes of the bacteriological reagents used in this work are illustrated in Table 1. The P22 bacteriophages that encode a consensus operator site or a fragmented operator site in the 5′-end of the ant gene were constructed by homologous recombination in Salmonella typhimurium strain MS1883 as ...
Identifying Importance of Amino Acids for Protein
... A way to test the importance of amino acids in experiments was proposed by Fersht and co-workers.78,79 The method, called protein engineering or F value analysis, is based on the engineering of a mutant protein with the amino acids under consideration replaced by other ones. The value of the free en ...
... A way to test the importance of amino acids in experiments was proposed by Fersht and co-workers.78,79 The method, called protein engineering or F value analysis, is based on the engineering of a mutant protein with the amino acids under consideration replaced by other ones. The value of the free en ...
An enhanced transient expression system in plants based on
... Other viral-encoded silencing suppressors (Brigneti et al., 1998; Voinnet et al., 1999) were also able to enhance the transient expression of GFP in non-transgenic N. benthamiana. However, the most pronounced effect was, by far, with the p19 protein (Figure 1) of TBSV (Voinnet et al., 1999). At 5 da ...
... Other viral-encoded silencing suppressors (Brigneti et al., 1998; Voinnet et al., 1999) were also able to enhance the transient expression of GFP in non-transgenic N. benthamiana. However, the most pronounced effect was, by far, with the p19 protein (Figure 1) of TBSV (Voinnet et al., 1999). At 5 da ...
Characterization of a novel phosphatidylinositol 3
... The partial cDNA sequences were used to interrogate the expressed sequence tag (EST) database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (http :\\www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov) using the BLAST program [20]. Interrogation of the human genome sequences at the NCBI show that the gene sequence ...
... The partial cDNA sequences were used to interrogate the expressed sequence tag (EST) database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (http :\\www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov) using the BLAST program [20]. Interrogation of the human genome sequences at the NCBI show that the gene sequence ...
Disrupted mRNA sorting in CNS neurons
... replication defective recombinant adenovirus (E1a/E1b minus) obtained by in vivo recombination between the adenovirus mutant and the pAdCMVβGAL. After isolation, the recombinant adenoviral DNA was amplified in HEK293 cells, a trans-complementing cell line for E1 function. Plaques were detected withi ...
... replication defective recombinant adenovirus (E1a/E1b minus) obtained by in vivo recombination between the adenovirus mutant and the pAdCMVβGAL. After isolation, the recombinant adenoviral DNA was amplified in HEK293 cells, a trans-complementing cell line for E1 function. Plaques were detected withi ...
A new fusion hypothesis for the origin of Eukarya: better than
... of a methanogen on molecular basis, i.e. the presence in these mesophilic archaea of eukaryal histone homologues (lacking in Crenarchaea/Eocytes). Similarly, a myxobacterium was proposed as bacterial partner because these social and complex bacteria were supposed to have provided the primordial gene ...
... of a methanogen on molecular basis, i.e. the presence in these mesophilic archaea of eukaryal histone homologues (lacking in Crenarchaea/Eocytes). Similarly, a myxobacterium was proposed as bacterial partner because these social and complex bacteria were supposed to have provided the primordial gene ...
Converting nonsense codons into sense codons by targeted
... local RNA (or ribosome) structure, somehow allowing for the binding or accommodation of near- or non-cognate tRNAs, possibly through altering the hydration state of the nonsense codon16. It is also possible that unique RNA modifications in the anti-codon loop of tRNASer, tRNAThr, tRNAPhe or tRNATyr ...
... local RNA (or ribosome) structure, somehow allowing for the binding or accommodation of near- or non-cognate tRNAs, possibly through altering the hydration state of the nonsense codon16. It is also possible that unique RNA modifications in the anti-codon loop of tRNASer, tRNAThr, tRNAPhe or tRNATyr ...
“The function and synthesis of ribosomes.” Nature Reviews Mol Cell
... interactions is not enough to account for the high accuracy of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that th ...
... interactions is not enough to account for the high accuracy of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that th ...
Chapter 10
... taken by secreted proteins simply by labeling newly synthesized proteins with radioactive amino acids in a procedure known as a “pulse-chase” experiment. The location of the radiolabeled proteins within the cell was then determined by autoradiography and electron microscopy, revealing the cellular s ...
... taken by secreted proteins simply by labeling newly synthesized proteins with radioactive amino acids in a procedure known as a “pulse-chase” experiment. The location of the radiolabeled proteins within the cell was then determined by autoradiography and electron microscopy, revealing the cellular s ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.