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From Genetics to Epigenetics
From Genetics to Epigenetics

... This was deduced by Watson and Crick, who used Rosalind Franklin's data provided by Maurice Wilkins. Watson and Crick win the Nobel Prize in 1962 for their discovery. ...
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... Name the 4 nitrogen bases that make up DNA? RNA? How do they pair according to Chargaff and the Base pairing Rule ...
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STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 12 – DNA Two Main Processes for

... 2. The four Macromolecules studied in biology are a. ______________________________(sugars) b. ______________________________(fat) c. _______________________________(enzymes, structural) d. _______________________________(DNA and RNA) 3. The building blocks of DNA and RNA are called ________________ ...
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CH 15 PowerPoint
CH 15 PowerPoint

... For proteins to be built, the 20 different amino acids dissolved in the cytoplasm must be brought to the ribosomes. This is the role of transfer RNA ...
Amsterdam 2004
Amsterdam 2004

... complex; it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carbo ...
Tutorial: Protein Synthesis - Integrated DNA Technologies
Tutorial: Protein Synthesis - Integrated DNA Technologies

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Protein Synthesis

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Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis

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Structural/functional study of a transcripton initiation

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Repressor - (www.ramsey.k12.nj.us).
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common to all organisms
common to all organisms

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Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics

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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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