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Host Factors in the Replication of Positive
Host Factors in the Replication of Positive

... Following translation and processing of viral proteins, (+)RNA viruses adopt a relatively conserved process for completing the RNA replication cycle in host cells. Studies of the mechanisms of (+)RNA virus replication have suggested that this process usually involves the following steps: 1) selectin ...
Introduction - HAL
Introduction - HAL

... DNA ends. Accordingly, mutations in both the RAG-1 protein and the DNA-PKcs have been described that modify, one way or the other, the accessibility of the coding ends (Lee et al., 2004b; Ding et al., 2003). Hairpin opening is mediated by Artemis, which displays not only endonucleolytic activity for ...
High throughput nucleic acid sample preparation in 96 well plates
High throughput nucleic acid sample preparation in 96 well plates

... STRATEC Molecular developed a proprietary filter plate with a 1 ml working volume dedicated to nucleic acid purification in 96 well format. The long drip directors guarantee the prevention of well to well contamination during the purification process, and a reduction of aerosol development. In addit ...
File
File

... the ability to isolate a specific segment of DNA, modify it in a test tube, and transfer it back into the same or a different cell to create a genetically modified organism represents perhaps the most significant advance in the history of biology, with profound consequences for the future of our, an ...
Polyamines
Polyamines

... (1,4diaminobutane or butanediamine) formed by and having the smell of rotting flesh. It is related to cadaverine; both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms. Putrescine and cadaverine were first described by the Berlin physician Ludwig Brieger in 1885. Putrescine ...
Biotechnology Explorer - Bio-Rad
Biotechnology Explorer - Bio-Rad

... With the pGLO transformation kit, students use a simple procedure to transform bacteria with a gene that codes for Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). The real-life source of this gene is the bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria, and GFP causes the jellyfish to fluoresce and glow in the dark. Fol ...
Biotechnology Explorer - Bio-Rad
Biotechnology Explorer - Bio-Rad

... With the pGLO transformation kit, students use a simple procedure to transform bacteria with a gene that codes for Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). The real-life source of this gene is the bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria, and GFP causes the jellyfish to fluoresce and glow in the dark. Fol ...
Additional file 1
Additional file 1

... Inactivation of transcription, flower and seed development, seed differentiation, stress tolerance Gene regulation, acylation of histone and non-histone proteins like transcription factors, nuclear receptors to facilitate gene expression Mediate GA signaling ...
Current Opinion in Plant Biology
Current Opinion in Plant Biology

... Azorhizobium and Allorhizobium, and it is these strains that have been studied in most detail. All of these bacteria form a host-specific symbiosis with leguminous plants. The symbiosis is initiated by the formation of root or stem nodules in response to the presence of the bacterium. Lipooligosacha ...
Function and Control of the Spx-Family of Proteins Within
Function and Control of the Spx-Family of Proteins Within

... bacterium, Bacillus subtilis is especially complex, involving three forms of RNA polymerase and at least two transcriptional repressors. Signal transduction systems connected to cell envelope stress transcriptionally control spx genes in orthologous Gram-positive systems. High levels of Spx not only ...
Journal of Bacteriology
Journal of Bacteriology

... round of chain extension, a variable set of modifying enzymes can locally introduce structural variety. Similar to the nonribosomal synthesis of peptides, the PKS multienzyme system uses acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) that are posttranslationally modified with the 4⬘-phosphopantetheine prosthetic grou ...
Developmental Regulation of Genes Encoding Universal Stress
Developmental Regulation of Genes Encoding Universal Stress

... single domain in small USP proteins (∼14–15 kDa), as a tandem domain in larger USP proteins (∼30 kDa), or as one or two USP domains together with other functional domains.4,5 Examples of functional domains commonly fused to USP domains include antiporter, voltage channels, amino acid permeases, and ...
Brucella Quorum Sensing: much more than
Brucella Quorum Sensing: much more than

... This domain covers two thirds of the N-terminal and contains both an AHL-binding domain (between aa 79 and 127 as defined in V. fischeri) and a multimerisation domain (between aa 116–161) (Choi and Greenberg, 1992). Genetic and structural analysis of TraR (A. tumefaciens) and other LuxR-type regulat ...
A siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster from the fish
A siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster from the fish

... The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the sequences reported in this paper is AJ699306. ...
Origin of amino acid homochirality: Relationship with the RNA world
Origin of amino acid homochirality: Relationship with the RNA world

... (Fig. 2). The rationale was that since the free energy of aminoacyl phosphates hydrolysis is approximately 3 kcal mol−1 greater than that of the aminoacyl esters (aminoacyl-tRNAs) (Carpenter, 1960), aminoacylation would be spontaneous. This system aminoacylated the minihelix at the 3 -end and the c ...
Compilation of tRNA sequences and sequences of
Compilation of tRNA sequences and sequences of

... later obtained. In such cases, additional references were added. This compilation is updated up to December 2002. The table contains the known tRNA sequences of all organisms including organelles. This is the continuation of the original tRNA compilation first published in 1978. (iii) Compilation of ...
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle-Dependent Regulation of Staphylococcus
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle-Dependent Regulation of Staphylococcus

... Construction of the complementation plasmid. Plasmid pCL15 (a kind gift of Chia Lee), containing a Pspac promoter, was used for the construction of an acnA complementation plasmid. The pMRS2 complementation plasmid was constructed by amplifying the 2.7-kb promoterless acnA gene from S. epidermidis s ...
Comparative genomic analysis of carbon and nitrogen assimilation
Comparative genomic analysis of carbon and nitrogen assimilation

... strain. We identified canonical forms of Rubisco encoded in the genomes of both Acidithiobacillus species inspected. In A. ferrooxidans DSM 16786, two gene copies encoding Rubisco form I (cbbSL1 and cbbSL2) and one copy encoding Rubisco form II (cbbM) were identified, as described previously [28], w ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

... to conditions in which oxygen is present, takes place at different levels in the cell. First, there is the evolutionary adaptation. Since this yeast has been used in anaerobic processes for centuries, it has adapted to living without oxygen more ...
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty

... of assaying (whole) genome content between samples e.g. large genomic deletions or amplifications (copy number changes) often associated with cancer • CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (ChIP)*; a protocol to detect the interaction of specific protein with defined regions of the genome e.g. specific tran ...
Complete genome sequence of the rifamycin SV
Complete genome sequence of the rifamycin SV

... Nocardia farcinica, representing their close relationship in phylogeny and taxonomy. Although the predicted 9 228 protein-coding genes in the A. mediterranei genome shared the greatest number of orthologs with those of S. erythraea, it was unexpectedly followed by Streptomyces coelicolor rather than ...
On the Nucleotide Sequence of Yeast Tyrosine Transfer RNA
On the Nucleotide Sequence of Yeast Tyrosine Transfer RNA

... nucleotide sequence in which the modified nucleotide occurs, but rather on its location in the three dimensional structure of the molecule. Since ~ is found only in the lower and right-hand loops, there may be an enzyme that converts U to in the lower loop and another enzyme that does the right-hand ...
KNOX1 genes regulate lignin deposition and composition
KNOX1 genes regulate lignin deposition and composition

... Lignification of cell walls allowed the vascular plants to achieve complex and large forms and dominate the landscape. Unraveling the mechanisms of regulation of lignin content is important for understanding this important structural component of plant cell walls. Understanding the regulation of cell ...
PPP Master Mix without MgCl2 - Top-Bio
PPP Master Mix without MgCl2 - Top-Bio

... Because fluorescence of unbound SYBR Green I is very low, enhanced fluorescence during qPCR correspond to an increase in dsDNA amplicons produced during PCR. ...
pDsRed-Monomer-C1 Vector Information
pDsRed-Monomer-C1 Vector Information

... We recommend using the DsRed-Monomer-C sequencing primer (see Sequencing primer location information below) to sequence genes cloned adjacent to the 3' end of the DsRed-Monomer coding region. For Western blotting, the Living Colors® DsRed Polyclonal Antibody (Cat. No. 632496) can be used to recogniz ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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