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... The idea of an independent RNA world without oligopeptides or amino acids stabilizing structures and helping in catalysis does not seem a viable concept. On the other hand, the idea of catalytic protein existing without RNA storing the polypeptide sequences, which have catalytic activity, and organi ...
... The idea of an independent RNA world without oligopeptides or amino acids stabilizing structures and helping in catalysis does not seem a viable concept. On the other hand, the idea of catalytic protein existing without RNA storing the polypeptide sequences, which have catalytic activity, and organi ...
The Genetic Code and RNA-Amino Acid Affinities
... functional nucleotides, the number of “Implicated Site Nucleotides” (ISN). Implicated Site Nucleotides differ from the constellation of atoms also called nucleotides by a structural biologist, and sometimes the distinction is essential. Though usually obvious, site nucleotides can occasionally be el ...
... functional nucleotides, the number of “Implicated Site Nucleotides” (ISN). Implicated Site Nucleotides differ from the constellation of atoms also called nucleotides by a structural biologist, and sometimes the distinction is essential. Though usually obvious, site nucleotides can occasionally be el ...
Iron-sulfur proteins and the role of iron in the gene expression of
... 2. FeS clusters and FeS proteins Proteins that contain iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters as a prosthetic group are widely utilised in all living organisms for a variety of cellular processes. Inorganic FeS metal compounds were already present in hydrothermal vents in the anaerobic atmosphere of the ancien ...
... 2. FeS clusters and FeS proteins Proteins that contain iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters as a prosthetic group are widely utilised in all living organisms for a variety of cellular processes. Inorganic FeS metal compounds were already present in hydrothermal vents in the anaerobic atmosphere of the ancien ...
AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylates transcription factors of
... CREB phosphorylation was lower in gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and heart muscles (Fig. 2) from a separate group of MLKB1-KO mice (in which AMPK phosphorylation is virtually eliminated), suggesting that AMPK may play a role in maintaining basal levels of CREB phosphorylation. CREB phosphorylatio ...
... CREB phosphorylation was lower in gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and heart muscles (Fig. 2) from a separate group of MLKB1-KO mice (in which AMPK phosphorylation is virtually eliminated), suggesting that AMPK may play a role in maintaining basal levels of CREB phosphorylation. CREB phosphorylatio ...
Restriction mapping
... The discovery of restriction enzymes, or restriction endonucleases (REs), was pivotal to the development of molecular cloning. REs occur naturally in bacteria, where they specifically recognize short stretches of nucleotides in DNA and catalyze double-strand breaks at or near the recognition site (a ...
... The discovery of restriction enzymes, or restriction endonucleases (REs), was pivotal to the development of molecular cloning. REs occur naturally in bacteria, where they specifically recognize short stretches of nucleotides in DNA and catalyze double-strand breaks at or near the recognition site (a ...
Articles (Danaher) ) , short, fluorescently
... methods1,3, reducing reagent volumes and costs4–8. However, the multiple chemical steps required in each sequencing cycle result in a more complex workflow, limiting sequencing speed and read lengths. The single-molecule, real-time approach developed by Pacific Biosciences uses four terminal phosph ...
... methods1,3, reducing reagent volumes and costs4–8. However, the multiple chemical steps required in each sequencing cycle result in a more complex workflow, limiting sequencing speed and read lengths. The single-molecule, real-time approach developed by Pacific Biosciences uses four terminal phosph ...
CH Zinc Fingers As DNA Binding Domains
... to the cognate DNA duplexes. The protein molecules of the DNA complex are usually associated with other transcription factors that bind to different domains on the zinc finger protein, or to different parts of the zinc fingers. The C2H2 zinc finger motif contains all the information necessary for it ...
... to the cognate DNA duplexes. The protein molecules of the DNA complex are usually associated with other transcription factors that bind to different domains on the zinc finger protein, or to different parts of the zinc fingers. The C2H2 zinc finger motif contains all the information necessary for it ...
7.3 Translation (HL ONLY)
... • Bound ribosomes synthesize proteins primarily for secretion or for use in lysosomes. • Translation can occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes due to the absence of a nuclear membrane. ...
... • Bound ribosomes synthesize proteins primarily for secretion or for use in lysosomes. • Translation can occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes due to the absence of a nuclear membrane. ...
Cell Biology - Models NF
... Mechanism: NF-kB Activation NF-kB activity is regulated by a family of inhibitors termed IkB which include IkB, IkB, IkB, the p105 and p100 precursors, and Bcl-3. Specifically, the IkBs binds to NF-kB and keeps it sequestered in an inactive state in the cytosol. Following cellular activation ...
... Mechanism: NF-kB Activation NF-kB activity is regulated by a family of inhibitors termed IkB which include IkB, IkB, IkB, the p105 and p100 precursors, and Bcl-3. Specifically, the IkBs binds to NF-kB and keeps it sequestered in an inactive state in the cytosol. Following cellular activation ...
Supplementary Information (doc 82K)
... the mature sense and antisense LSU γ rRNAs are indicated with an arrow. Plain arrows indicate sense or antisense LSU γ rRNA fragments with a similar length between unstressed and heatstressed parasites. Open arrows indicate sense or antisense LSU γ rRNA fragments with a different length between unst ...
... the mature sense and antisense LSU γ rRNAs are indicated with an arrow. Plain arrows indicate sense or antisense LSU γ rRNA fragments with a similar length between unstressed and heatstressed parasites. Open arrows indicate sense or antisense LSU γ rRNA fragments with a different length between unst ...
Identification and characterization of regulatory factors and
... 3.1.3 YmoA regulates CsrC synthesis independently of CsrB ........................................65 3.1.4 YmoA influences CsrC RNA stability ..................................................................68 3.1.5 CsrC RNA stability in Y. pseudotuberculosis is affected by YmoA in a CsrA-inde ...
... 3.1.3 YmoA regulates CsrC synthesis independently of CsrB ........................................65 3.1.4 YmoA influences CsrC RNA stability ..................................................................68 3.1.5 CsrC RNA stability in Y. pseudotuberculosis is affected by YmoA in a CsrA-inde ...
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) The polymerase chain reaction
... the insertion of a DNA sequence into a plasmid or the genetic material of another organism. Bacterial colonies (E. coli) can be rapidly screened by PCR for correct DNA vector constructs. PCR may also be used for genetic fingerprinting; a forensic technique used to identify a person or organism by co ...
... the insertion of a DNA sequence into a plasmid or the genetic material of another organism. Bacterial colonies (E. coli) can be rapidly screened by PCR for correct DNA vector constructs. PCR may also be used for genetic fingerprinting; a forensic technique used to identify a person or organism by co ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... be the result of gene duplication. In the case of the R. tropici citrate synthase genes, the duplication seems to be ancient since the DNA sequence has clearly diverged outside the coding region, while there is a high degree of similarity in the coding regions of both genes. Besides duplication, the ...
... be the result of gene duplication. In the case of the R. tropici citrate synthase genes, the duplication seems to be ancient since the DNA sequence has clearly diverged outside the coding region, while there is a high degree of similarity in the coding regions of both genes. Besides duplication, the ...
Reflections on a Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Nose of an
... Soon after, she noticed a non-healing lesion on her right nostril which persisted for more than two years until the patient would follow the dermatologist’s advice and histopathological examination revealed a solid BCC. The patient’s complaints about her flaws on the face and on the trunk could be i ...
... Soon after, she noticed a non-healing lesion on her right nostril which persisted for more than two years until the patient would follow the dermatologist’s advice and histopathological examination revealed a solid BCC. The patient’s complaints about her flaws on the face and on the trunk could be i ...
Expression of floral identity genes in Clianthus
... † Background and Aims Clianthus maximus is a leguminous perennial with an unusual order of floral organ insertion, and inflorescences produced year round that nearly all abort except during a limited time in autumn. This study aimed to determine at what point in floral organ differentiation abortion ...
... † Background and Aims Clianthus maximus is a leguminous perennial with an unusual order of floral organ insertion, and inflorescences produced year round that nearly all abort except during a limited time in autumn. This study aimed to determine at what point in floral organ differentiation abortion ...
Mini-Series: Modern Metabolic Concepts The Biochemistry of the
... nematode and fruit fly (Table I) (see Ref. 26). PDK, a serine-specific kinase, phosphorylates three specific serine residues named site 1, site 2, and site 3 based on the rate of phosphorylation of mammalian E1 [27], isoform II of A. suum E1, and fruit fly E1. Only two phosphorylation sites are pres ...
... nematode and fruit fly (Table I) (see Ref. 26). PDK, a serine-specific kinase, phosphorylates three specific serine residues named site 1, site 2, and site 3 based on the rate of phosphorylation of mammalian E1 [27], isoform II of A. suum E1, and fruit fly E1. Only two phosphorylation sites are pres ...
- Cal State LA - Instructional Web Server
... genes (within 20kb) Perform multiple sequence alignment on Alu sequences Identify motifs preferentially conserved around highly expressed genes (these motifs could help the genes be highly expressed) ...
... genes (within 20kb) Perform multiple sequence alignment on Alu sequences Identify motifs preferentially conserved around highly expressed genes (these motifs could help the genes be highly expressed) ...
Red light Far-red light PHOTOSTATIONARY STATE
... c) Synthesis of Type II phytochrome is not feed-back inhibited by Pfr. ...
... c) Synthesis of Type II phytochrome is not feed-back inhibited by Pfr. ...
Linking folding and binding
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
Metabolic rate depression in animals
... regulatory control that are conserved across phylogenetic lines and that are broadly applied to the control of multiple cell functions. One such mechanism is reversible protein phosphorylation which is now known to contribute to the regulation of fuel metabolism, to ion channel arrest, and to the su ...
... regulatory control that are conserved across phylogenetic lines and that are broadly applied to the control of multiple cell functions. One such mechanism is reversible protein phosphorylation which is now known to contribute to the regulation of fuel metabolism, to ion channel arrest, and to the su ...
Isr J Chem (2010) - Weizmann Institute of Science
... prokaryotes, the small subunit, denoted as 30S, contains an RNA chain (termed 16S in prokaryotes) of about 1500 nucleotides and 20–21 different proteins, whereas the large subunit (termed 50S in prokaryotes) has two RNA chains (23S and 5S RNA) of about 3000 nucleotides in total, and 31–35 different ...
... prokaryotes, the small subunit, denoted as 30S, contains an RNA chain (termed 16S in prokaryotes) of about 1500 nucleotides and 20–21 different proteins, whereas the large subunit (termed 50S in prokaryotes) has two RNA chains (23S and 5S RNA) of about 3000 nucleotides in total, and 31–35 different ...
della protein function during differential growth - RiuNet
... The plant hormones gibberellins (GAs) regulate multiple processes of plant development, such as seed germination, photomorphogenesis, vegetative growth, and flower and fruit development. Most of this regulation occurs at the transcriptional level, through the activity of the DELLAs, which are nucl ...
... The plant hormones gibberellins (GAs) regulate multiple processes of plant development, such as seed germination, photomorphogenesis, vegetative growth, and flower and fruit development. Most of this regulation occurs at the transcriptional level, through the activity of the DELLAs, which are nucl ...
Prokaryotic orthologues of mitochondrial alternative oxidase and plastid terminal oxidase
... The alignment showed that all six putative ironbinding residues (E-183, E-222, H-225, E-273, E-324, H-327) are conserved in all PTOX and AOX proteins (Figure 2). Besides these, the following amino acids were also completely conserved: L-182, A-186, H198, N-221, A-276, Y-280, and D-323 (numbering acc ...
... The alignment showed that all six putative ironbinding residues (E-183, E-222, H-225, E-273, E-324, H-327) are conserved in all PTOX and AOX proteins (Figure 2). Besides these, the following amino acids were also completely conserved: L-182, A-186, H198, N-221, A-276, Y-280, and D-323 (numbering acc ...
Biopathways Representation and Simulation on Hybrid Functional
... places. For sophisticated dynamic systems in which control mechanisms of genes and chemical reactions with enzymes are concurrently performed, it is more reasonable to use real numbers for representing the amounts of some objects, e.g. the concentrations of a protein, mRNA, complex of proteins, meta ...
... places. For sophisticated dynamic systems in which control mechanisms of genes and chemical reactions with enzymes are concurrently performed, it is more reasonable to use real numbers for representing the amounts of some objects, e.g. the concentrations of a protein, mRNA, complex of proteins, meta ...
Off-target Effects: Disturbing the Silence of RNA
... (microRNAs), or synthetic duplexes referred to as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). In both cases, these molecules partner with the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) to target messenger RNAs for degradation and/or translation attenuation (Figure 1). Since the discovery that siRNAs can enter the RN ...
... (microRNAs), or synthetic duplexes referred to as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). In both cases, these molecules partner with the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) to target messenger RNAs for degradation and/or translation attenuation (Figure 1). Since the discovery that siRNAs can enter the RN ...