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Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Cryptomeria japonica
Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Cryptomeria japonica

... Summary Cryptomeria japonica D. Don is one of the most important forest trees in Japan, but more than 10% of the Japanese population is allergic to its pollen. We constructed a cDNA library derived from pollen grains of C. japonica and performed an analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). We obta ...
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances

... note, however, the T variant results in greater promoter activation as compared to the C variant. Such an enhanced activity mediated by the T variant would be consistent with a functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the ...
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances

... note, however, the T variant results in greater promoter activation as compared to the C variant. Such an enhanced activity mediated by the T variant would be consistent with a functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the ...
results and discussion discussion
results and discussion discussion

... perfect repeats similar to GsiB but a motif R(K/T)GG was found repeated three time in GspM (Fig.4.6.2). Sequence alignment of GspM and its homologues with proteins from GsiB and PD027049 families revealed significant difference between these proteins and GspM (Fig.4.6.3). Phylogenetic analysis revea ...
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e

... factor was DNA. a. If both bacteria are heat-killed, then the transfer of DNA will have no effect since pathogenicity requires the production of proteins encoded by the DNA. Protein synthesis will not occur in a dead cell. b. The nonpathogenic cells will be transformed to pathogenic cells. Loss of p ...
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e Chapter 14 - Answers 1.
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e Chapter 14 - Answers 1.

... factor was DNA. a. If both bacteria are heat-killed, then the transfer of DNA will have no effect since pathogenicity requires the production of proteins encoded by the DNA. Protein synthesis will not occur in a dead cell. b. The nonpathogenic cells will be transformed to pathogenic cells. Loss of p ...
Transfer of genetic material between the
Transfer of genetic material between the

... generally ,1 kb in length. This small amount of chloroplast DNA is in contrast to that found in the rice genome where the DNA from the rice chloroplast aligned with a total of between 780 000 and 933 600 bp in the DNA of the nuclear genome (International Rice Genome Sequencing Project, 2005). In our ...
Time-Resolved Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus subtilis
Time-Resolved Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus subtilis

... below 6.1%. Pair-wise plots of log intensities in either channel revealed a high Pearson correlation coefficient (above 0.9, p,1e15) (see Text S1). The M (log2 ratio) values also demonstrated significant correlation of 0.82 (for above threefold ratios), and low variation (CV) of 15.8%. All data were ...


... the protein, sketch the denaturation curve you would ...
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of

... Phytochrome is a plant photoreceptor involved in photomorphogenic events ranging from seed germination and deetiolation to the induction of flowering. Phytochrome initiates some of these diverse responses over a fluence range that spans at least seven orders of magnitude (e.g., Jones et al., 1991). ...
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of

... Phytochrome is a plant photoreceptor involved in photomorphogenic events ranging from seed germination and deetiolation to the induction of flowering. Phytochrome initiates some of these diverse responses over a fluence range that spans at least seven orders of magnitude (e.g., Jones et al., 1991). ...
Transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic switches and
Transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic switches and

... These environmental switches involve dramatic changes in the physiology of these parasites. In fact, T. cruzi has three main stages during its life cycle: trypomastigotes (infective and non-replicative), amastigotes (replicative and intracellular in the vertebrate host), and epimastigotes (replicati ...
Sequence Specific Modeling of E. coli Cell-Free Protein
Sequence Specific Modeling of E. coli Cell-Free Protein

... organisms, including industrially important prokaryotes such as E. coli (19) and B. subtilis (20), are now available (21). Stoichiometric reconstructions have been expanded to include the integration of metabolism with detailed descriptions of gene expression (ME-Model) (17, 22) and protein structur ...
Nucleoside Phosphoramidate Monoesters: Potential
Nucleoside Phosphoramidate Monoesters: Potential

... Formation of RNA Polymerase II pre-initiation complex ...
Cloning and Effective Induction of Escherichia coli
Cloning and Effective Induction of Escherichia coli

... small amount of the enzyme was observed (Fig 2B, lane 4). However, after 5 hours of induction, the amount of NDP kinase reached almost the same level (~25% of total protein consisted of NDP kinase) as that induced with IPTG. The ability of lactose to effectively induce the expression of NDP kinase i ...
Gene Therapy and Transgenic Animals
Gene Therapy and Transgenic Animals

... Antisense Oligonucleotides are unmodified or chemically modified ssDNA, RNA or their analogs. They are 13-25 nucleotides long and are specifically designed to hybridize to the corresponding RNA by Watson-Crick binding ...
(EC 2.2.1.1) active in the Calvin cycle of spinach chloroplasts
(EC 2.2.1.1) active in the Calvin cycle of spinach chloroplasts

... the Calvin cycle and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) of higher-plant chloroplasts. In the Calvin cycle, it catalyses the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from either D-fructose6-phosphate or D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to Dglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to yield D-xylulose-5phosphate ...
Intrinsic Disorder in Cell-signaling and Cancer
Intrinsic Disorder in Cell-signaling and Cancer

... structure to carry out their functions.1 – 3 A literature review including more than 90 proteins revealed that a majority of known disordered proteins or domains were involved in cell-signaling or regulation via non-catalytic interactions with DNA, RNA, or other proteins.4 Such unstructured regions ...
The regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor
The regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor

... of LIF mRNA in both tumor cells and fibroblasts, and increase the production and secretion of LIF protein. In turn, LIF promotes proinvasive fibroblast activation and creates an invasive tumor microenvironment that leads to the progression and metastasis of primary tumors [17]. In addition, TGF-β ca ...
Molecular insights into RNA and DNA helicase evolution from the
Molecular insights into RNA and DNA helicase evolution from the

... RNA is made in a similar way to DNA, but it is usually present as a single strand that folds into a three-dimensional structure that is held in shape by regions of the molecule interacting with each other. Before DNA and RNA can perform their essential tasks in cells, enzymes called helicases must s ...
Nucleosomal structure of sea urchin and starfish sperm chromatin
Nucleosomal structure of sea urchin and starfish sperm chromatin

... sperm cells have been chosen for such analysis since all the histones they contain, for exeption of histone H2B, seemed to be very similar as judged from their amino acid compositions and electrophoretic behavior in two systems. To verify the above we considered also the data available on the primar ...
Summary of risk management plan and specific licence conditions
Summary of risk management plan and specific licence conditions

... vigour is greatest in the first generation and declines in subsequent generations. Plant breeders have often used male sterile plants to accomplish hybrid seed production. The male sterile line of InVigor® canola contains the barnase gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The barna ...
RTS™ pIVEX E. coli His-tag 2nd Generation Vector Set Manual
RTS™ pIVEX E. coli His-tag 2nd Generation Vector Set Manual

... containing the appropriate restriction sites is prepared, cloning into different pIVEX vectors can be done easily in parallel or successively. To minimize problems, biotechrabbit recommends selecting the cloning strategy strictly according to Table 1. For cloning strategies allowing the minimization ...
+ΔFosB
+ΔFosB

... - Nave is the mean N value for the control - Ctave is the mean Ct value for the control. - Fold differences (stress ChIP relative to control ChIP) were then determined by raising 2 to the Ct power. Input : One hundred microliters of the pre-immunoprecipitated lysate Control ChIP : samples were immun ...
Chapter 1. introduction
Chapter 1. introduction

... Carriers of specific amino acids used for protein synthesis 74-93 nucleotides in a single chain Cloverleaf structure for tRNA Page 260 Fig. 10.17 ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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