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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Sara R. Fassio for the degree of
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Sara R. Fassio for the degree of

... determinants comprise a network of genes called the ToxT regulon, whose expression is modulated by a hierarchy of transcriptional regulators (17). These regulators include the transcription factors AphA and AphB, which positively regulate transcription of the twocomponent regulatory system tcpPH. Th ...
Table S1 Genes with similar expression patterns in Qing2
Table S1 Genes with similar expression patterns in Qing2

... Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor of the yAP-1 family; physically interacts with the Tup1-Cyc8 complex and recruits Tup1p to its targets; mediates pleiotropic drug resistance and salt tolerance; nuclearly localized under oxidative stress and sequestered in the cytoplasm by Lot6p under ...
ERROR-PRONE REPAIR DNA POLYMERASES IN PROKARYOTES
ERROR-PRONE REPAIR DNA POLYMERASES IN PROKARYOTES

... Pol V Mut Catalysis of Error-Prone Translesion Synthesis The term “replisome” refers to proteins assembled at the replication fork (Figure 3). By analogy, Echols coined the term “mutasome” to represent proteins assembled proximal to a template damage site (39, 42). In accordance with this suggestion ...
Effects of mutation on key amino acid residues in
Effects of mutation on key amino acid residues in

... proline rich region, central core DNA binding domain, and C- terminal domain have been identified in each of the subunits. The N-terminal region (amino acid residues 1-42) is responsible for interactions with transcription factors, binding to MDM2 and transactivation activity [1]. Amino acid residue ...
The Organellar Genome and Metabolic Potential
The Organellar Genome and Metabolic Potential

... were identified by Blast analysis (Altschul et al. 1997), and in the case of nonoverlap, subjected to long-range PCR to fill the gaps between the fragments. Using this approach, the major part of this genome (41,666 bp) has been sequenced and reconstructed as a single contig. This part of the organe ...
A family of diatom-like silicon transporters in the siliceous loricate
A family of diatom-like silicon transporters in the siliceous loricate

... contigs, mostly shorter than 250 bp, encode protein fragments similar to short stretches within this region of the protein, but the fragmentary genome data precludes determination of how many genes they represent. We conclude that D. grandis also has a family of SIT-related genes. The 50 end of the ...


... report of the rabies virus N protein being phosphorylated by PKC as previously identified phosphorylated amino acid residues are located within the consensus recognition motifs correspond to casein kinase II. ...
AraC Protein, Regulation of the L-arabinose Operon in Escherichia
AraC Protein, Regulation of the L-arabinose Operon in Escherichia

... Many AraC family members possess similar solubility problems, and because they most obviously share homologous DNA-binding domains, these domains were expected to be insoluble. It was a surprise, however, to discover that the AraC DNA-binding domain itself is soluble, well behaved biochemically, and ...
709_2010_211_MOESM2_ESM - Springer Static Content Server
709_2010_211_MOESM2_ESM - Springer Static Content Server

... ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER PROTEIN 6: AHP6 lacks the conserved histidine residue (Asn83 in AHP6b), which is required for phosphotransfer, present in the other AHPs. AHP6 does not appear to have phosphotransfer activity. Acts as an inhibitor of cytokinin signalling by interacting with the ...
Characterization of Rice Anthranilate Synthase
Characterization of Rice Anthranilate Synthase

... important in the regulation of free Trp concentration, and that mutation of OASA1 to render the encoded protein insensitive to feedback inhibition results in accumulation of Trp at high levels. The OASA1(D323N) transgene may prove useful for the generation of crops with an increased Trp content. ...
Steroid Chemistry and Steroid Hormone Action - Rose
Steroid Chemistry and Steroid Hormone Action - Rose

... may be mediated by cell surface receptors working through one of the classical second messenger pathways. Although most of the current evidence suggests that the major actions of the steroid hormones are mediated by the intracellular receptors, this may be due, at least in part, to the fact that the ...
Lab: Colony PCR amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene I
Lab: Colony PCR amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene I

... Microbial community structure is a critical determinant of the biogeochemical processes occurring within the pelagic marine ecosystem. Due to the difficulties of cultivating many marine microbes, microbial ecologists frequently employ molecular biology-based techniques to reveal the complexity of aq ...
Effects of rare codon clusters on high-level expression
Effects of rare codon clusters on high-level expression

... They found that the magnitude o f the effects o f these tandem insertions depended upon their number and position within the m R N A . AGG clusters from two to five had the most significant effects on expression o f the test protein when placed after amino acid 13, with expression increasing slightl ...
Codon usage in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis corn
Codon usage in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis corn

... A 1434 bp sequence (O'Connor et al., 1990) contains a 812 bp ORF encoding a 35 kDa antigen (antigen 9 ; Young e t al., 1992), but also a 816 bp O R F on the complementary strand. The two ORFs overlap by 684 bp and are in the same phase, i.e. the first codon positions of one are complementary to the ...
PhytoREF: a reference database of the plastidial 16S
PhytoREF: a reference database of the plastidial 16S

... overlook phototrophs in complex community assemblages (Vaulot et al. 2002; Kirkham et al. 2011); (ii) ribosomal DNA of large protist cells (mainly heterotrophs and potentially multinucleated) or metazoans tends to be preferentially PCR-amplified because of the relatively higher copy number of riboso ...
Translation of Cyclin mRNA Is Necessary for Extracts of Activated
Translation of Cyclin mRNA Is Necessary for Extracts of Activated

... not necessary to synthesize MPF itself, because this protein can be detected in interphase cells as an inactive form known as pre-MPF (Cyert and Kirschner, 1988; Dunphy and Newport, 1988). Moreover, the c&2+-homologous subunit of MPF is already present in unfertilized starfish oocytes and is stable ...
Effects of signaling on subcellular localization of MITF
Effects of signaling on subcellular localization of MITF

... Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is the master regulator of melanocytes and plays a crucial role in melanoma. MITF is known from the literature to be regulated by signaling, for example through the MAPK pathway which mediates signals with protein phosphorylations. The MAPK pathw ...
As a PDF file
As a PDF file

... in LAB. The second part describes isolation, cloning and characterization of genes encoding enzymes that are promising for the further development of genetically modified lactic acid bacteria. In the first part, either the ldhD and ldhL genes, or ldhD alone, were inactivated using gene replacement t ...
HMW glutenin subunits in multiploid Aegilops species: composition
HMW glutenin subunits in multiploid Aegilops species: composition

... 1981 that the composition of HMW glutenin subunits in a given common wheat variety could affect the baking quality of its flour[4]. Recent biotechnological investigations on transgenic expression of the genes encoding the functionally superior HMW subunit (such as the 1Dx5 subunit specified by the G ...
Ribosome engineering to promote new crystal forms
Ribosome engineering to promote new crystal forms

... The ribosome is responsible for the translation of mRNA into protein. Structural understanding of this process was greatly advanced by the determination of the complete structures of the 50S ribosomal subunit from Haloarcula marismortui (Ban et al., 2000) and the 30S ribosomal subunit from Thermus t ...
Small, Smaller, Smallest: The Origins and Evolution of Ancient Dual
Small, Smaller, Smallest: The Origins and Evolution of Ancient Dual

... (Moran et al. 2005), and an array of co-primary symbionts from different bacterial divisions (fig. 1). In several groups of xylem feeders, genomes of Sulcia and its partner symbiont have been sequenced; these include cicadas (Sulcia plus Hodgkinia cicadicola [Alphaproteobacteria]; McCutcheon et al. ...
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in

... In  addition  to  these  phosphoproteins  also  low  molecular  weight  molecules  such  as  NADP,  glucose‐6‐phosphate  (G6P)  and  fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate  (FBP)  can  modulate  either  DNA‐ binding  properties  or  the  interaction  with  the  transcriptional  machinery  of  the  CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
Document
Document

... Biological Setup Every cell in the human body contains the entire human genome: 3.3 Gb or ~30K genes. The investigation of gene expression is meaningful because different cells, in different environments, doing different jobs express different genes. Tasks necessary for gene expression analysis: Def ...
Genome-wide transcription profiling of aerobic and anaerobic
Genome-wide transcription profiling of aerobic and anaerobic

... not be formed even when cultures were supplemented with various electron acceptors (Colón-González, Méndez-Ortiz and Membrillo-Hernández 2004), or when longer incubation periods were imposed (Colón-González, Méndez-Ortiz and MembrilloHernández 2004). Furthermore, a survey of over 45 000 rand ...
Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, gyrB and catA genes and DNA
Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, gyrB and catA genes and DNA

... approximately 1200 bp PCR product besides the approximately 1500 bp specific product, making direct sequencing impossible. Sequence analyses gave interesting results. The reported 0.2 % difference between 16S rRNA gene sequences of type strains of R. qingshengii and R. jialingiae was not found, beca ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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