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... • When a mixture of stereoisomers is possible from a dehydrohalogenation, the major product is the more stable stereoisomer. • A reaction is stereoselective when it forms predominantly or exclusively one stereoisomer when two or more are possible. • The E2 reaction is stereoselective because one ste ...
... • When a mixture of stereoisomers is possible from a dehydrohalogenation, the major product is the more stable stereoisomer. • A reaction is stereoselective when it forms predominantly or exclusively one stereoisomer when two or more are possible. • The E2 reaction is stereoselective because one ste ...
Organic Chemistry Fifth Edition
... Solvation of a chloride ion by ion-dipole attractive forces with water. The negatively charged chloride ion interacts with the positively polarized hydrogens of water. ...
... Solvation of a chloride ion by ion-dipole attractive forces with water. The negatively charged chloride ion interacts with the positively polarized hydrogens of water. ...
Carbonyl Compounds I. Aldehydes and Ketones
... In this and succeeding chapters we describe the chemistry of these compounds with the intent of emphasizing the similarities that exist between them. The differences turn out to be more in degree than in kind. Even so, it is convenient to discuss aldehydes and ketones separately from carboxylic acid ...
... In this and succeeding chapters we describe the chemistry of these compounds with the intent of emphasizing the similarities that exist between them. The differences turn out to be more in degree than in kind. Even so, it is convenient to discuss aldehydes and ketones separately from carboxylic acid ...
BIORANSFORMATION
... Carbon atoms adjacent to Olefinic double bonds (are allylic carbon atoms) also undergo hydroxylation in a manner similar to Benzylic Carbons. E.g. Hydroxylation of Hexobarbital to 3`-hydroxy Hexobarbital. Allylic carbon atom ...
... Carbon atoms adjacent to Olefinic double bonds (are allylic carbon atoms) also undergo hydroxylation in a manner similar to Benzylic Carbons. E.g. Hydroxylation of Hexobarbital to 3`-hydroxy Hexobarbital. Allylic carbon atom ...
university of london thesis
... widely studied and is well understood, such that product control can be achieved easily.10' 12 By contrast, however, the Sn I opening o f epoxides is still not completely understood by chemists, and therefore remains a fascinating and very challenging area o f study. Indeed, in spite o f the extensi ...
... widely studied and is well understood, such that product control can be achieved easily.10' 12 By contrast, however, the Sn I opening o f epoxides is still not completely understood by chemists, and therefore remains a fascinating and very challenging area o f study. Indeed, in spite o f the extensi ...
Protection (and Deprotection) of Functional Groups in Organic
... Indeed, solid catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction products by simple filtration and quantitatively recovered in the active form. They can be recycled, making less expensive the preparation of sophisticated fine chemicals and, at the same time, avoiding contamination of the products b ...
... Indeed, solid catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction products by simple filtration and quantitatively recovered in the active form. They can be recycled, making less expensive the preparation of sophisticated fine chemicals and, at the same time, avoiding contamination of the products b ...
amine cured-epoxy matrices
... Epoxy resins can be cured with a variety of compounds called curing agents which are also known as curatives, hardeners, or converters. Of the many classes/types of curing agents, amines are most widely utilized as curing agents in epoxy matrices for high performance composites. This produces a hete ...
... Epoxy resins can be cured with a variety of compounds called curing agents which are also known as curatives, hardeners, or converters. Of the many classes/types of curing agents, amines are most widely utilized as curing agents in epoxy matrices for high performance composites. This produces a hete ...
Microsoft Word - Open Access Repository of Indian Theses
... cavities of discrete size with no two aluminum atoms sharing the same oxygen. As a result of the difference in charge between (SiO 4)4- and (AlO 4)5- tetrahedral, the total framework charge of an aluminum-containing zeolite is negative and hence must be balanced by a cation, typically an alkali or a ...
... cavities of discrete size with no two aluminum atoms sharing the same oxygen. As a result of the difference in charge between (SiO 4)4- and (AlO 4)5- tetrahedral, the total framework charge of an aluminum-containing zeolite is negative and hence must be balanced by a cation, typically an alkali or a ...
fundamentals of structure and reactivity of organic compounds
... molecules of butyric (butanoic) acid and pyridine. Solution. Organic chemistry is a chemistry of carbon compounds. The properties of organic compounds are determined for the most extent by the electronic structure of the carbon atom and nature of its chemical bonds. In the excited state (1s22s12p3) ...
... molecules of butyric (butanoic) acid and pyridine. Solution. Organic chemistry is a chemistry of carbon compounds. The properties of organic compounds are determined for the most extent by the electronic structure of the carbon atom and nature of its chemical bonds. In the excited state (1s22s12p3) ...
Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, & Ethers
... Has a hydroxyl group that ionizes slightly (weak acid). Is corrosive and irritating to the skin. OH ...
... Has a hydroxyl group that ionizes slightly (weak acid). Is corrosive and irritating to the skin. OH ...
- University at Albany
... Also, alkyl halide reactivity decreases from methyl to 10 to 20 to 30. In fact, 30 alkyl halides do not react by SN2. Leaving group: The substrate should have a good leaving group. A good leaving group should be electron withdrawing, relatively stable, and polarizable. They are weak bases. Examples ...
... Also, alkyl halide reactivity decreases from methyl to 10 to 20 to 30. In fact, 30 alkyl halides do not react by SN2. Leaving group: The substrate should have a good leaving group. A good leaving group should be electron withdrawing, relatively stable, and polarizable. They are weak bases. Examples ...
6. Low valent of Vanadium catalyst in organic synthesis
... *the coordination of the phosphorus raises the reduction capability and selectivity. *the bulky reductant is liable to approach the bromide from the ...
... *the coordination of the phosphorus raises the reduction capability and selectivity. *the bulky reductant is liable to approach the bromide from the ...
Organic Compounds - 2012 Book Archive
... second major family of organic compounds, which include the alkyl halides and the aryl halides. Oxygen-containing organic compounds, a third family, may be divided into two main types: those that contain at least one C–O bond, which include alcohols, phenols (derivatives of benzene), and ethers, and ...
... second major family of organic compounds, which include the alkyl halides and the aryl halides. Oxygen-containing organic compounds, a third family, may be divided into two main types: those that contain at least one C–O bond, which include alcohols, phenols (derivatives of benzene), and ethers, and ...
Synthetic applications of ortho esters
... in organic synthesis [1]. Since ortho esters are among the few carboxylic acid protective groups that demonstrate a high level of stability toward strong nucleophiles and bases, most current applications are limited to protective group chemistry [2]. Compared to a carboxylic acid, the ortho ester re ...
... in organic synthesis [1]. Since ortho esters are among the few carboxylic acid protective groups that demonstrate a high level of stability toward strong nucleophiles and bases, most current applications are limited to protective group chemistry [2]. Compared to a carboxylic acid, the ortho ester re ...
Chapter 21: Amines. Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH3. Nitrogen
... Arylamines are less basic than alkylamines. The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen of aniline are conjugated to the πelectrons of the aromatic ring and are therefore less available for acid-base chemistry. Protonation disrupts the conjugation. Substitutents can greatly influence the basicity of ...
... Arylamines are less basic than alkylamines. The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen of aniline are conjugated to the πelectrons of the aromatic ring and are therefore less available for acid-base chemistry. Protonation disrupts the conjugation. Substitutents can greatly influence the basicity of ...
Alcohol
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In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a saturated carbon atom. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethyl alcohol (ethanol), the predominant alcohol in alcoholic beverages.The suffix -ol appears in the IUPAC chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group is the functional group with the highest priority; in substances where a higher priority group is present the prefix hydroxy- will appear in the IUPAC name. The suffix -ol in non-systematic names (such as paracetamol or cholesterol) also typically indicates that the substance includes a hydroxyl functional group and, so, can be termed an alcohol. But many substances, particularly sugars (examples glucose and sucrose) contain hydroxyl functional groups without using the suffix. An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest members is the saturated straight chain alcohols, the general formula for which is CnH2n+1OH.