Mark Scheme - Unit F324 - Rings, polymers and analysis - June
... teaching/training, administration and secretarial skills. It is also responsible for developing new specifications to meet national requirements and the needs of students and teachers. OCR is a not-for-profit organisation; any surplus made is invested back into the establishment to help towards the ...
... teaching/training, administration and secretarial skills. It is also responsible for developing new specifications to meet national requirements and the needs of students and teachers. OCR is a not-for-profit organisation; any surplus made is invested back into the establishment to help towards the ...
Chapter 12 Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Sulfur
... Tollens’ Test In Tollens’ test, • Tollens’ reagent, which contains Ag+, oxidizes aldehydes but not ketones. • Ag+ is reduced to metallic Ag, which appears as a “mirror” in the test tube. ...
... Tollens’ Test In Tollens’ test, • Tollens’ reagent, which contains Ag+, oxidizes aldehydes but not ketones. • Ag+ is reduced to metallic Ag, which appears as a “mirror” in the test tube. ...
Chapter 19
... Stereoisomers (Geometrical): Isomers that have the same molecular formulas and the same connectivity of their atoms but a different orientation of their atoms in space. CH 3 H ...
... Stereoisomers (Geometrical): Isomers that have the same molecular formulas and the same connectivity of their atoms but a different orientation of their atoms in space. CH 3 H ...
Crosslinking Technical Handbook
... Although imidoesters are still used in certain procedures, the amidine bonds formed are reversible at high pH. Therefore, the more stable and efficient NHS ester crosslinkers have steadily replaced them in most applications. ...
... Although imidoesters are still used in certain procedures, the amidine bonds formed are reversible at high pH. Therefore, the more stable and efficient NHS ester crosslinkers have steadily replaced them in most applications. ...
AP Chemistry - Siva Kodali
... 2,000 students per year. She is the author of ACT For Dummies, Pre-Calculus For Dummies, AP Biology For Dummies, Chemistry Workbook For Dummies, GRE For Dummies, Pre-Calculus Workbook for Dummies, and other books on self-esteem, writing, and motivational topics. Michelle has overseen dozens of progr ...
... 2,000 students per year. She is the author of ACT For Dummies, Pre-Calculus For Dummies, AP Biology For Dummies, Chemistry Workbook For Dummies, GRE For Dummies, Pre-Calculus Workbook for Dummies, and other books on self-esteem, writing, and motivational topics. Michelle has overseen dozens of progr ...
Alcohols, etc.
... from the end giving the OH carbon the lower number. The name is prefixed with the number indicating the position of the OH group. For cyclic alcohols, the OH is at C-1. ...
... from the end giving the OH carbon the lower number. The name is prefixed with the number indicating the position of the OH group. For cyclic alcohols, the OH is at C-1. ...
Organic Chemistry – Who needs it?
... H2N-CH2CH2OH (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and alcohol portion) B. Secondary Amines HN-(CH2CH2OH)2 (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and two alcohol portions) C. Tertiary Amines N-(CH2CH2OH)3 (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and three alcohol portions) ...
... H2N-CH2CH2OH (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and alcohol portion) B. Secondary Amines HN-(CH2CH2OH)2 (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and two alcohol portions) C. Tertiary Amines N-(CH2CH2OH)3 (Also present: hydrocarbon portion and three alcohol portions) ...
Derivatization - Sigma
... symmetrical peak corresponding to the parent compound. The functional group of polar compounds do not chromatograph well as they tend to adsorb on the active surfaces of the column wall causing peak tailing, poor response or no response. This makes identification and integration difficult. Use of de ...
... symmetrical peak corresponding to the parent compound. The functional group of polar compounds do not chromatograph well as they tend to adsorb on the active surfaces of the column wall causing peak tailing, poor response or no response. This makes identification and integration difficult. Use of de ...
Enzyme Properties
... Hemiacetals and hemiketals are compounds that have an –OH and an –OR group on the same carbon Cyclic monosaccharides are hemiacetals & hemiketals ...
... Hemiacetals and hemiketals are compounds that have an –OH and an –OR group on the same carbon Cyclic monosaccharides are hemiacetals & hemiketals ...
SCH4U TEXT BOOK
... s you wander through the supermarket, some advertising claims catch your eye. “Certified organic” and “all natural” are stamped on the labels of some foods. Other labels claim that the foods are “chemical free.” As a chemistry student, you are aware that these labels may be misleading. Are all “chem ...
... s you wander through the supermarket, some advertising claims catch your eye. “Certified organic” and “all natural” are stamped on the labels of some foods. Other labels claim that the foods are “chemical free.” As a chemistry student, you are aware that these labels may be misleading. Are all “chem ...
Sample
... Answer: Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons through ionic bonding. Neutral atoms have equal numbers of positive and negative charges. In other words, neutral atoms have the same numbers of protons and electrons. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 34 4) Explain how saturated fats are different from unsa ...
... Answer: Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons through ionic bonding. Neutral atoms have equal numbers of positive and negative charges. In other words, neutral atoms have the same numbers of protons and electrons. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 34 4) Explain how saturated fats are different from unsa ...
Grade XII Unit 1 - Ethiopian Ministry of Education
... How do you distinguish homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures? Mixtures are combinations of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity and hence its own properties. A sample of clean air, for example, consists of many elements and compounds physically mixed toge ...
... How do you distinguish homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures? Mixtures are combinations of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity and hence its own properties. A sample of clean air, for example, consists of many elements and compounds physically mixed toge ...
Alkyl Halides02
... E1 eliminations, like SN1 substitutions, begin with unimolecular dissociation, but the dissociation is followed by loss of a proton from the -carbon (attached to the C+) rather than by substitution. E1 & SN1 normally occur in competition, whenever an alkyl halide is treated in a protic solvent with ...
... E1 eliminations, like SN1 substitutions, begin with unimolecular dissociation, but the dissociation is followed by loss of a proton from the -carbon (attached to the C+) rather than by substitution. E1 & SN1 normally occur in competition, whenever an alkyl halide is treated in a protic solvent with ...
Chem 535 Synthetic Organic Chemistry – Common Reducing
... similar chemical reactivity and selectivity as above ...
... similar chemical reactivity and selectivity as above ...
Chemical Bonds Practice Test (Daily Grade)
... G describe the amount of valence electrons H are always positive J ...
... G describe the amount of valence electrons H are always positive J ...
Aldehydes, Ketones, & Chiral Molecules
... name is changed to -al. Has a common name for the first four aldehydes that use the prefixes form (1C), acet (2C), propion (3C), and butyr (4C), followed by aldehyde. O O O ...
... name is changed to -al. Has a common name for the first four aldehydes that use the prefixes form (1C), acet (2C), propion (3C), and butyr (4C), followed by aldehyde. O O O ...
GEOCHEMICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL
... In 1992, we bundled these programs together into a package called “The Geochemist’s Workbench® ” which is owned by The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois and can be licensed inexpensively for educational or commercial purposes. Within a few months of its completion the software was in u ...
... In 1992, we bundled these programs together into a package called “The Geochemist’s Workbench® ” which is owned by The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois and can be licensed inexpensively for educational or commercial purposes. Within a few months of its completion the software was in u ...
Acid Base Equilibrium Diploma Questions
... The calcium sulfite formed neutralizes the sulfurous acid. The carbonate ion decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. The formation of bicarbonate ion, HCO3−(aq), creates a buffer system with carbonate ion, CO32−(aq) ...
... The calcium sulfite formed neutralizes the sulfurous acid. The carbonate ion decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. The formation of bicarbonate ion, HCO3−(aq), creates a buffer system with carbonate ion, CO32−(aq) ...
Chemistry - A Quantitative Science
... elemental composition of the oxide expressed as mass percents? The mass of sample and the mass of lead in the sample are given, but the mass of oxygen must be determined by difference. Mass of O = mass of sample – mass of Pb = 3.17 – 2.94 = 0.23 g O The mass percent of each element is determined as ...
... elemental composition of the oxide expressed as mass percents? The mass of sample and the mass of lead in the sample are given, but the mass of oxygen must be determined by difference. Mass of O = mass of sample – mass of Pb = 3.17 – 2.94 = 0.23 g O The mass percent of each element is determined as ...
Strychnine total synthesis
Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.