Higher Chemistry Unit 2 - Coatbridge High School
... CH3CH2CHO CH3CO CH3 CH3CH2COOH CH3CH2 CH2OH ...
... CH3CH2CHO CH3CO CH3 CH3CH2COOH CH3CH2 CH2OH ...
Biodiesel Session 2
... – Potassium hydroxide more effective and is common in Europe, residue can be used as a fertilizer – Methoxides used for large scale operations (>5 million gallons/year) do not form water, most active catalyst ...
... – Potassium hydroxide more effective and is common in Europe, residue can be used as a fertilizer – Methoxides used for large scale operations (>5 million gallons/year) do not form water, most active catalyst ...
III. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Reactions
... always take note of the catalysts and conditions required for a reaction to occur; for example, Br2 and Cl2 are easily disrupted in the presence of double and triple bonds – addition reactions with these occur readily; H2 and H2O are much more stable and therefore reactions involving these still nee ...
... always take note of the catalysts and conditions required for a reaction to occur; for example, Br2 and Cl2 are easily disrupted in the presence of double and triple bonds – addition reactions with these occur readily; H2 and H2O are much more stable and therefore reactions involving these still nee ...
Test 3 Test Skills/Competencies
... f. Amines (reversible aminol and imine formation, including cyclic aminols and imines, and the reverse reaction involving imine hydrolysis) Mechanisms: Be able to draw mechanisms for carbonyl reactions listed above, including the reverse reaction, including those involving rings. Major mechanisms in ...
... f. Amines (reversible aminol and imine formation, including cyclic aminols and imines, and the reverse reaction involving imine hydrolysis) Mechanisms: Be able to draw mechanisms for carbonyl reactions listed above, including the reverse reaction, including those involving rings. Major mechanisms in ...
Organic Pathways
... propanoate • Ethyl propanoate is to be formed using alkanes and alkenes as starting materials. • Looking at the structure, it indicates that it is an ester produced by a condensation reaction between propanoic acid and ethanol. • Ethanol is a two carbon compound that can can be synthesised directly ...
... propanoate • Ethyl propanoate is to be formed using alkanes and alkenes as starting materials. • Looking at the structure, it indicates that it is an ester produced by a condensation reaction between propanoic acid and ethanol. • Ethanol is a two carbon compound that can can be synthesised directly ...
Paper 3 - TheAllPapers
... (c) Two of the elements in chalcopyrite are the metal, copper, and the non-metal, sulphur. These have different properties. Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and is malleable. Sulphur is a poor conductor and is not malleable, it is brittle. Explain, in terms of their structures, why th ...
... (c) Two of the elements in chalcopyrite are the metal, copper, and the non-metal, sulphur. These have different properties. Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and is malleable. Sulphur is a poor conductor and is not malleable, it is brittle. Explain, in terms of their structures, why th ...
aciee-2004-43-5442-palomo
... independently activating in close proximity the nitro compound and the aldehyde substrate, respectively. For example, as little as 1 mol % of the secondgeneration lithium/lanthanum polymetallic catalyst (complex 9 + 1.0 mol equiv H2O + 0.9 mol equiv BuLi) can mediate the reaction between nitroalkane ...
... independently activating in close proximity the nitro compound and the aldehyde substrate, respectively. For example, as little as 1 mol % of the secondgeneration lithium/lanthanum polymetallic catalyst (complex 9 + 1.0 mol equiv H2O + 0.9 mol equiv BuLi) can mediate the reaction between nitroalkane ...
06_reactions
... CH2O + Ag(NH3)2+ + H2O → CHOOH + Ag + 2NH3 + 2H+ Since an obvious silver ‘mirror’ forms on the flask if a reaction occurs, this is commonly used to test whether a substance is a ketone or an aldehyde. A ketone cannot be oxidised, so no silver mirror would form. Tollens’ reagent is ammoniacal silver ...
... CH2O + Ag(NH3)2+ + H2O → CHOOH + Ag + 2NH3 + 2H+ Since an obvious silver ‘mirror’ forms on the flask if a reaction occurs, this is commonly used to test whether a substance is a ketone or an aldehyde. A ketone cannot be oxidised, so no silver mirror would form. Tollens’ reagent is ammoniacal silver ...
Alcohols
... The longest chain contains six carbon atoms, but it does not contain the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give ...
... The longest chain contains six carbon atoms, but it does not contain the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give ...
Chapter 1
... Oxidation of Aldehydes • Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids by almost any oxidizing agent – So easily oxidized that it is often difficult to prepare them as they continue on to carboxylic acids – Susceptible to air oxidation even at room temperature – Cannot be stored for long periods ...
... Oxidation of Aldehydes • Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids by almost any oxidizing agent – So easily oxidized that it is often difficult to prepare them as they continue on to carboxylic acids – Susceptible to air oxidation even at room temperature – Cannot be stored for long periods ...
Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
... Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen and can exist as solids, liquids or gases. Scientists coined the classification “organic” because these molecules were synthesized in living systems. ...
... Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen and can exist as solids, liquids or gases. Scientists coined the classification “organic” because these molecules were synthesized in living systems. ...
Chapter 1 - dan
... Oxidation of Aldehydes • Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids by almost any oxidizing agent – So easily oxidized that it is often difficult to prepare them as they continue on to carboxylic acids – Susceptible to air oxidation even at room temperature – Cannot be stored for long periods ...
... Oxidation of Aldehydes • Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids by almost any oxidizing agent – So easily oxidized that it is often difficult to prepare them as they continue on to carboxylic acids – Susceptible to air oxidation even at room temperature – Cannot be stored for long periods ...
$doc.title
... • Alkanes: Compounds with C-‐C single bonds and C-‐H bonds only (no func)onal groups), non-‐polar molecule • Easy to rotate around C-‐C single bonds • Connec)ng carbons can lead to large or small mole ...
... • Alkanes: Compounds with C-‐C single bonds and C-‐H bonds only (no func)onal groups), non-‐polar molecule • Easy to rotate around C-‐C single bonds • Connec)ng carbons can lead to large or small mole ...
powerpoint
... exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds Happens in aqueous solutions Must end up with a solid precipitate, gas, or molecular compound (like water) ...
... exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds Happens in aqueous solutions Must end up with a solid precipitate, gas, or molecular compound (like water) ...
Chem 30 Diploma Review
... 1.The next step is to determine the simplest whole numbers that will balance the number of electrons transferred for each reactant. The numbers become the coefficients of the reactants. The coefficients for the products can be obtained by balancing the atoms whose oxidation numbers have changed and ...
... 1.The next step is to determine the simplest whole numbers that will balance the number of electrons transferred for each reactant. The numbers become the coefficients of the reactants. The coefficients for the products can be obtained by balancing the atoms whose oxidation numbers have changed and ...
Ligands - chemmybear.com
... (a) Draw the structural formulas for the two geometrical isomers. (b) One of the geometrical isomers exists as two optical isomers. Draw the structural formulas for the two optical isomers. (c) How many moles of AgCl would be immediately precipitated when excess AgNO3 solution is added to an aqueous ...
... (a) Draw the structural formulas for the two geometrical isomers. (b) One of the geometrical isomers exists as two optical isomers. Draw the structural formulas for the two optical isomers. (c) How many moles of AgCl would be immediately precipitated when excess AgNO3 solution is added to an aqueous ...
Organic Chemistry I
... pharmaceutical, dental, and veterinary programs and for certain advanced nursing programs. Course Prerequisites/Corequisites Prerequisites: CHM 112 or equivalent and a satisfactory placement score for ENG 111 Course Objectives Upon completion of the course students will be able to: Apply bonding c ...
... pharmaceutical, dental, and veterinary programs and for certain advanced nursing programs. Course Prerequisites/Corequisites Prerequisites: CHM 112 or equivalent and a satisfactory placement score for ENG 111 Course Objectives Upon completion of the course students will be able to: Apply bonding c ...
pptx
... is possible to stop at the corresponding aldehyde or imine (which hydrolyzes to aldehyde). • NaBH4 will only reduce more reactive species: aldehydes, ketones, imines, etc. • NaBH4 is compatible with water (and therefore other alcohols) whereas LiAlH4 (and to a lesser extent DIBAL) will catch fire if ...
... is possible to stop at the corresponding aldehyde or imine (which hydrolyzes to aldehyde). • NaBH4 will only reduce more reactive species: aldehydes, ketones, imines, etc. • NaBH4 is compatible with water (and therefore other alcohols) whereas LiAlH4 (and to a lesser extent DIBAL) will catch fire if ...
File - Mr Francis` Weebly
... • Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons (C8H18 for example) that contain no atoms of oxygen. Gasohol contains ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH, which does contain oxygen. The addition of alcohol to gasoline, therefore, adds oxygen to the fuel. Since carbon monoxide forms when there is an insufficient supply o ...
... • Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons (C8H18 for example) that contain no atoms of oxygen. Gasohol contains ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH, which does contain oxygen. The addition of alcohol to gasoline, therefore, adds oxygen to the fuel. Since carbon monoxide forms when there is an insufficient supply o ...
Organic Chemistry1
... – Structural Isomers: compounds that have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are joined together in a different order Differ in physical properties like boiling and melting points ...
... – Structural Isomers: compounds that have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are joined together in a different order Differ in physical properties like boiling and melting points ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.