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annual report 2004 - OV Lounasmaa Laboratory
... our new premises, finally started in November about one year behind the original schedule. The LTL will move into the new premises, recently renamed as Nanotalo, in April 2007. The new performance-based salary system, UPJ, will phase out the old age-based system in 2006. The first steps towards the ...
... our new premises, finally started in November about one year behind the original schedule. The LTL will move into the new premises, recently renamed as Nanotalo, in April 2007. The new performance-based salary system, UPJ, will phase out the old age-based system in 2006. The first steps towards the ...
characterisation of dopamine neurons of the murine ventral
... our projects. I sincerely hope we stay in touch. I would also like to acknowledge all the wonderful members of the Pharmacology department, for the welcoming environment and for the opportunity to observe the ongoing experiments, especially the skilful and resourceful technicians Heidi Pehkonen and ...
... our projects. I sincerely hope we stay in touch. I would also like to acknowledge all the wonderful members of the Pharmacology department, for the welcoming environment and for the opportunity to observe the ongoing experiments, especially the skilful and resourceful technicians Heidi Pehkonen and ...
BrainFacts.org A P R I M E R ...
... are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to the body, drives behavior, and forms the foundation for the mind. Research is also essential for the development of therapies for more than 1,000 nervous system disorders that affect more than 1 billion p ...
... are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to the body, drives behavior, and forms the foundation for the mind. Research is also essential for the development of therapies for more than 1,000 nervous system disorders that affect more than 1 billion p ...
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... and their afferent fibers account for about 40% of the sensory innervation of the human hand. These corpuscles are particularly efficient in transducing information about the relatively low-frequency vibrations (30–50 Hz) that occur when textured objects are moved across the skin. Pacinian corpuscle ...
... and their afferent fibers account for about 40% of the sensory innervation of the human hand. These corpuscles are particularly efficient in transducing information about the relatively low-frequency vibrations (30–50 Hz) that occur when textured objects are moved across the skin. Pacinian corpuscle ...
Probabilistic Anatomic Mapping of Cerebral Blood Flow Distribution
... hence, the automated anatomic labeling of individual brain imaging data. Methods: In the current study, probabilistic maps of the blood flow distribution of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were developed using the basal and MCA brain SPECT images. Twenty-nine patients (mean age 6 SD, 54.6 6 6.1 y) ...
... hence, the automated anatomic labeling of individual brain imaging data. Methods: In the current study, probabilistic maps of the blood flow distribution of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were developed using the basal and MCA brain SPECT images. Twenty-nine patients (mean age 6 SD, 54.6 6 6.1 y) ...
a Primer on the Brain and Nervous System
... are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to the body, drives behavior, and forms the foundation for the mind. Research is also essential for the development of therapies for more than 1,000 nervous system disorders that affect more than 1 billion p ...
... are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to the body, drives behavior, and forms the foundation for the mind. Research is also essential for the development of therapies for more than 1,000 nervous system disorders that affect more than 1 billion p ...
Functional Clustering Drives Encoding Improvement in a
... efficiency and effectiveness of neural processing. During development, the structure [1,2] and function [3–6] of sensory neural circuits are actively guided by both endogenous signals and environmental stimuli. However, it is not well understood how these changes lead to improved brain function. Her ...
... efficiency and effectiveness of neural processing. During development, the structure [1,2] and function [3–6] of sensory neural circuits are actively guided by both endogenous signals and environmental stimuli. However, it is not well understood how these changes lead to improved brain function. Her ...
Title: 공학도를 위한 생물학 (2)
... But if you are to ask this question, common answers given are the nervous system is too complex to be explained by a general theory. And because ir performs too many computational functions to be explained by any single theory. So the computational fuction, so their major computational function do n ...
... But if you are to ask this question, common answers given are the nervous system is too complex to be explained by a general theory. And because ir performs too many computational functions to be explained by any single theory. So the computational fuction, so their major computational function do n ...
Decision Making in Recurrent Neuronal Circuits
... have been limited to one cell at a time, and ramping activity is usually reported as trial-averaged neural activity (but see Roitman and Shadlen, 2002). This leaves the question open as to whether a spike train in a single trial indeed displays a quasilinear ramp of firing rate. Alternatively, neuro ...
... have been limited to one cell at a time, and ramping activity is usually reported as trial-averaged neural activity (but see Roitman and Shadlen, 2002). This leaves the question open as to whether a spike train in a single trial indeed displays a quasilinear ramp of firing rate. Alternatively, neuro ...
skull - lms.manhattan.edu
... -Allows blood to flow in either direction, this is a problem because it may create a route for blood-borne-pathogens to pass from the body to the brain and the brain to the body…. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a membranic structure that acts primarily to protect the brain from chemicals in the bl ...
... -Allows blood to flow in either direction, this is a problem because it may create a route for blood-borne-pathogens to pass from the body to the brain and the brain to the body…. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a membranic structure that acts primarily to protect the brain from chemicals in the bl ...
Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuronal Cell Death in
... only those neurons that exhibited dense eosinophilic staining in both soma and proximal dendrites were counted. Finally, the density of neurons per unit area was transformed to the numerical density per square millimeter of respective brain region. For measurement of HRP-positive neurons, both total ...
... only those neurons that exhibited dense eosinophilic staining in both soma and proximal dendrites were counted. Finally, the density of neurons per unit area was transformed to the numerical density per square millimeter of respective brain region. For measurement of HRP-positive neurons, both total ...
Rapid Whole Brain Imaging Of Neural Activities In Freely
... Figure 1. Whole brain imaging of larval zebrafish with XLFM. (a) Schematic design of XLFM. The ...
... Figure 1. Whole brain imaging of larval zebrafish with XLFM. (a) Schematic design of XLFM. The ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... include areas in the frontal lobe connected to PPC, particularly the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), and other areas within the PPC, such as area 5. In the final section, we will show examples of ‘‘proof of concept’’ in which the action-related activity in the PPC and PMd cortex can be decoded and use ...
... include areas in the frontal lobe connected to PPC, particularly the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), and other areas within the PPC, such as area 5. In the final section, we will show examples of ‘‘proof of concept’’ in which the action-related activity in the PPC and PMd cortex can be decoded and use ...
Control of Wake and Sleep States
... Sleep induction is mediated by homeostatic factors adenosine and nitric oxide in BF and neocortex and by increased activity of median pro-optic nucleus GABA neurons that inhibit the wake-promoting neurons of ARAS. Circadian influences are mediated by direct retinal and indirect SCN projections to GA ...
... Sleep induction is mediated by homeostatic factors adenosine and nitric oxide in BF and neocortex and by increased activity of median pro-optic nucleus GABA neurons that inhibit the wake-promoting neurons of ARAS. Circadian influences are mediated by direct retinal and indirect SCN projections to GA ...
Review Article Long-Term Memory Search across the
... Copyright © 2012 Milan Fedurco. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Signal transmission from the human retina to visual c ...
... Copyright © 2012 Milan Fedurco. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Signal transmission from the human retina to visual c ...
Contraction Properties of VLSI Cooperative Competitive Neural
... Cortical neural networks are characterized by a large degree of recurrent excitatory connectivity, and local inhibitory connections. This type of connectivity among neurons is remarkably similar, across all areas in the cortex [1]. It has been argued that a good candidate model for a canonical micro ...
... Cortical neural networks are characterized by a large degree of recurrent excitatory connectivity, and local inhibitory connections. This type of connectivity among neurons is remarkably similar, across all areas in the cortex [1]. It has been argued that a good candidate model for a canonical micro ...
Muscle Coordination 1 Changes in Muscle Coordination with
... muscles of the upper limb result in greater increases in torque than equivalent changes in the firing rate of cells that project to the extensor muscles (15). This is also consistent with the observation that a smaller proportion of flexor motor units must be activated in order to produce a given le ...
... muscles of the upper limb result in greater increases in torque than equivalent changes in the firing rate of cells that project to the extensor muscles (15). This is also consistent with the observation that a smaller proportion of flexor motor units must be activated in order to produce a given le ...
Evidence of Basal Temporo-occipital Cortex
... based on small positional differences, known as retinal disparities. Neurophysiological studies in monkeys showed that there is a widespread distribution of retinal disparity sensitive cells throughout many cortical areas of nonhuman primates. Sensitivity to retinal disparity has been recently found ...
... based on small positional differences, known as retinal disparities. Neurophysiological studies in monkeys showed that there is a widespread distribution of retinal disparity sensitive cells throughout many cortical areas of nonhuman primates. Sensitivity to retinal disparity has been recently found ...
Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions during Learning May Occur by Lactate
... The same mechanisms were likely involved in the evolutive selection (or exploitation) of glutamate as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter of mammalian brain (reviewed by Mangia et al., 2012). Notably, glutamate is a central compound in amino acid metabolism in virtually all organisms, even tho ...
... The same mechanisms were likely involved in the evolutive selection (or exploitation) of glutamate as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter of mammalian brain (reviewed by Mangia et al., 2012). Notably, glutamate is a central compound in amino acid metabolism in virtually all organisms, even tho ...
Mirroring others` emotions relates to empathy and
... internal simulation of others’ emotions via this mechanism is also thought to support our ability to empathize with others — particularly the affective (“I feel what you feel”) aspects of empathy (for a distinction between emotional and cognitive perspective-taking components of empathy, see Baron-C ...
... internal simulation of others’ emotions via this mechanism is also thought to support our ability to empathize with others — particularly the affective (“I feel what you feel”) aspects of empathy (for a distinction between emotional and cognitive perspective-taking components of empathy, see Baron-C ...
Viral vector-based tools advance knowledge of basal ganglia
... impairments occur later in the disease and are thought to be due to neuronal degeneration (Estrada-Sánchez and Rebec 2013). HD causes selective degeneration of striatal MSNs due to nuclear inclusions and cytosolic aggregation of the huntingtin protein (Ramaswamy et al. 2007; Southwell and Patterson ...
... impairments occur later in the disease and are thought to be due to neuronal degeneration (Estrada-Sánchez and Rebec 2013). HD causes selective degeneration of striatal MSNs due to nuclear inclusions and cytosolic aggregation of the huntingtin protein (Ramaswamy et al. 2007; Southwell and Patterson ...
Functional Connectivity of the Secondary Somatosensory Cortex of
... monkeys (Jones et al., 1975, 1978; Friedman and Murray, 1986), cats (Jones and Powell, 1968; Manzoni et al., 1979; Burton and Kopf, 1984), tree shrews (Weller et al., 1987), squirrels (Krubitzer et al., 1986), mice (Carvell and Simons, 1987), and rats (Koralek et al., 1990; Li et al., 1990; Fabri an ...
... monkeys (Jones et al., 1975, 1978; Friedman and Murray, 1986), cats (Jones and Powell, 1968; Manzoni et al., 1979; Burton and Kopf, 1984), tree shrews (Weller et al., 1987), squirrels (Krubitzer et al., 1986), mice (Carvell and Simons, 1987), and rats (Koralek et al., 1990; Li et al., 1990; Fabri an ...
The thalamus as a monitor of motor outputs
... then one is likely to be interested in a different set of properties that relate to features like movement vectors, etc. In practice, the retinofugal axon is more likely to be viewed in terms of its retinal properties, whereas one might start to look for the motor properties of the corticofugal axon ...
... then one is likely to be interested in a different set of properties that relate to features like movement vectors, etc. In practice, the retinofugal axon is more likely to be viewed in terms of its retinal properties, whereas one might start to look for the motor properties of the corticofugal axon ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
powerpoint lecture
... Cerebral White Matter • Myelinated fibers and tracts • Communication between cerebral areas, and between cortex and lower CNS ...
... Cerebral White Matter • Myelinated fibers and tracts • Communication between cerebral areas, and between cortex and lower CNS ...
Connectome
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/White_Matter_Connections_Obtained_with_MRI_Tractography.png?width=300)
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.