ppt - UCSD Cognitive Science
... Where do motor areas end and decision-making begin? Primary motor cortex (M1) ...
... Where do motor areas end and decision-making begin? Primary motor cortex (M1) ...
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... of the beginning of the reach. (b) The median bias of the trajectory over time. A bias of 1 signifies that the direction of the trajectory is toward the expected target direction, while a bias o ...
... of the beginning of the reach. (b) The median bias of the trajectory over time. A bias of 1 signifies that the direction of the trajectory is toward the expected target direction, while a bias o ...
Spinal Cord Motor Activity
... Borrowing a concept from engineering, the stretch reflex arc can be viewed as a negative feedback loop that tends to maintain muscle length at a constant value. The desired muscle length is specified by the activity of descending pathways that influence the motor neuron pool. Deviations from the des ...
... Borrowing a concept from engineering, the stretch reflex arc can be viewed as a negative feedback loop that tends to maintain muscle length at a constant value. The desired muscle length is specified by the activity of descending pathways that influence the motor neuron pool. Deviations from the des ...
Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working
... 1986). The GPi and SNr circuits are functionally analogous (although they have different subcortical targets), so we consider them as one functional entity. Both the frontal cortex and the striatum also receive inputs from various areas of the posterior/sensory cortex. There are also other pathways ...
... 1986). The GPi and SNr circuits are functionally analogous (although they have different subcortical targets), so we consider them as one functional entity. Both the frontal cortex and the striatum also receive inputs from various areas of the posterior/sensory cortex. There are also other pathways ...
Supranuclear control of ocular motility
... compensation. If head rotations are slow and sustained, visual system can stabilize gaze by producing optokinetic eye movements. Similarly, during linear self-motion or while tracking a small moving target, visually driven smooth pursuit contributes to holding the image steadily on the fovea. The fi ...
... compensation. If head rotations are slow and sustained, visual system can stabilize gaze by producing optokinetic eye movements. Similarly, during linear self-motion or while tracking a small moving target, visually driven smooth pursuit contributes to holding the image steadily on the fovea. The fi ...
Read Article - University of Northern Colorado
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
Pathways for emotions and memory
... The anterior thalamic nuclei are a key link in pathways associated with emotions and memory. In the preceding study we found that one of the anterior nuclei, the anterior medial (AM), had particularly robust connections with specific medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and moderate connecti ...
... The anterior thalamic nuclei are a key link in pathways associated with emotions and memory. In the preceding study we found that one of the anterior nuclei, the anterior medial (AM), had particularly robust connections with specific medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and moderate connecti ...
Learning Vector Representations for Sentences
... 2.3 (a) One-layer neural network. (b) Two-layer neural network (biases are removed for simplicity). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.4 The role of the hidden layer in a two-layer feed-forward neural network is to project the data onto another vector space in which they are now linear ...
... 2.3 (a) One-layer neural network. (b) Two-layer neural network (biases are removed for simplicity). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.4 The role of the hidden layer in a two-layer feed-forward neural network is to project the data onto another vector space in which they are now linear ...
striatum
... Important for stimulus – response behavior THE VENTRAL STRIATUM (nc. Accumbens) The learning and execution of reward-related movements and activities. The ventral striatum is activated in reward situations. Reward= smoking, alcohol, drugs, sex, economic reward ...
... Important for stimulus – response behavior THE VENTRAL STRIATUM (nc. Accumbens) The learning and execution of reward-related movements and activities. The ventral striatum is activated in reward situations. Reward= smoking, alcohol, drugs, sex, economic reward ...
- Courses - University of California, Berkeley
... controlled vocabularies (whether applied manually or automatically) – Constructing phrases or “pre-coordinated” terms provides only marginal and inconsistent improvements ...
... controlled vocabularies (whether applied manually or automatically) – Constructing phrases or “pre-coordinated” terms provides only marginal and inconsistent improvements ...
Role of Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Self
... regions within the brain. The brain is an organ of communication. Neurons within the brain connect in networks that communicate with each other to provide multiple functions. This network organization is particularly evident with regard to cognition, which involves the participation of diverse brain ...
... regions within the brain. The brain is an organ of communication. Neurons within the brain connect in networks that communicate with each other to provide multiple functions. This network organization is particularly evident with regard to cognition, which involves the participation of diverse brain ...
Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates
... Two eye fields have been identified in the frontal lobes of primates: one is situated dorsomedially within the frontal cortex and will be referred to as the eye field within the dorsomedial frontal cortex ŽDMFC.; the other resides dorsolaterally within the frontal cortex and is commonly referred to ...
... Two eye fields have been identified in the frontal lobes of primates: one is situated dorsomedially within the frontal cortex and will be referred to as the eye field within the dorsomedial frontal cortex ŽDMFC.; the other resides dorsolaterally within the frontal cortex and is commonly referred to ...
tracts - Anatomický ústav 1. LF UK
... interruption of the spinothalamic tract: contralateral loose of pain and temperature feeling, ...
... interruption of the spinothalamic tract: contralateral loose of pain and temperature feeling, ...
Full-Text PDF
... many different in vitro applications, using 64 electrode channels. In a parallel respect, Franke and colleagues [6] used a high-density (HD) electrode array to perform real-time spike sorting for closed-loop experiments that study neural plasticity. These studies exploited the existing electrode arr ...
... many different in vitro applications, using 64 electrode channels. In a parallel respect, Franke and colleagues [6] used a high-density (HD) electrode array to perform real-time spike sorting for closed-loop experiments that study neural plasticity. These studies exploited the existing electrode arr ...
Integrated Access to Cultural Heritage
... represent the links between different KOSs and the concepts they contain. The term skos:inScheme asserts that a given concept is part of a given concept scheme, while skos:hasTopConcept states that a KOS contains a concept as the root of (one of) its constituent hierarchical tree(s), i.e., a concept ...
... represent the links between different KOSs and the concepts they contain. The term skos:inScheme asserts that a given concept is part of a given concept scheme, while skos:hasTopConcept states that a KOS contains a concept as the root of (one of) its constituent hierarchical tree(s), i.e., a concept ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... The task of guiding the eyes to behaviorally relevant stimuli depends on detailed sensory information and accurately timed oculomotor responses. Topographically specific sensory information and eye movement magnitude appear to be matched in area 8. For example, the rostral part of area 8, at the tip ...
... The task of guiding the eyes to behaviorally relevant stimuli depends on detailed sensory information and accurately timed oculomotor responses. Topographically specific sensory information and eye movement magnitude appear to be matched in area 8. For example, the rostral part of area 8, at the tip ...
Mechanisms for generating and compensating for the
... gaze position, microsaccades can be understood by relating them to the larger voluntary saccades, which abruptly shift gaze position. Starting from this approach to microsaccade analysis, I show how it can lead to significant insight about the generation and functional role of these eye movements. L ...
... gaze position, microsaccades can be understood by relating them to the larger voluntary saccades, which abruptly shift gaze position. Starting from this approach to microsaccade analysis, I show how it can lead to significant insight about the generation and functional role of these eye movements. L ...
Neuroimaging findings in post-traumatic stress disorder Systematic
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
Sequential Development of Electrical and Chemical Synaptic
... development of a motor circuit that produces a segmental behavior, local bending (LB). Localized touch to the body wall elicits LB, a longitudinal contraction on the side touched and simultaneous relaxation of the opposite side (Kristan, 1982). Embryonic behaviors in Hirudo medicinalis appear in seq ...
... development of a motor circuit that produces a segmental behavior, local bending (LB). Localized touch to the body wall elicits LB, a longitudinal contraction on the side touched and simultaneous relaxation of the opposite side (Kristan, 1982). Embryonic behaviors in Hirudo medicinalis appear in seq ...
connections of the cerebral cortex
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
Neural effects of positive and negative incentives during marijuana
... instance, using the MID, Kim et al. (2006) reported that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is active during successful avoidance of monetary loss in healthy individuals [21]. Neuroimaging studies have also suggested that reward-motivation systems are differentially affected by drug-seeking behavior, su ...
... instance, using the MID, Kim et al. (2006) reported that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is active during successful avoidance of monetary loss in healthy individuals [21]. Neuroimaging studies have also suggested that reward-motivation systems are differentially affected by drug-seeking behavior, su ...
PROJECTIONS OF THE AMYGDALOID BODY TO THE INSULAR
... of the thalamus) which terminates in the insular cortex. It reaches, according to our results, both the agranular insular cortex and the anterior part of the granular insular cortex. According to Krettek and Price (5), this projection terminates in the posterior part of the granular insular cortex ...
... of the thalamus) which terminates in the insular cortex. It reaches, according to our results, both the agranular insular cortex and the anterior part of the granular insular cortex. According to Krettek and Price (5), this projection terminates in the posterior part of the granular insular cortex ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation by
... prosthetic device with self-generated neuronal firing from a single neuron. They recorded multiple neurons from motor cortical areas in rats for controlling a linear actuator with a water bottle. To receive reward of water, the rats had to move the bottle until it reached a zone for drinking by rais ...
... prosthetic device with self-generated neuronal firing from a single neuron. They recorded multiple neurons from motor cortical areas in rats for controlling a linear actuator with a water bottle. To receive reward of water, the rats had to move the bottle until it reached a zone for drinking by rais ...
How microglia kill neurons
... microglia, astrocytes or other cells. For example, TNFα was found to cause death specifically of dopaminergic neurons in embryonic rat midbrain cultures, but it was not tested whether this neurotoxicity was mediated by glia (Clarke and Branton, 2002; McGuire et al., 2001). We found that TNFα could in ...
... microglia, astrocytes or other cells. For example, TNFα was found to cause death specifically of dopaminergic neurons in embryonic rat midbrain cultures, but it was not tested whether this neurotoxicity was mediated by glia (Clarke and Branton, 2002; McGuire et al., 2001). We found that TNFα could in ...
LAB: Nerve Reflexes
... of little more than two neurons that communicate across a single synapse. A reflex is a relatively simple motor response that does not involve a large number of interneurons (or association neurons). The simplest version is a mono-synaptic reflex that uses one sensory and one motor neuron (for examp ...
... of little more than two neurons that communicate across a single synapse. A reflex is a relatively simple motor response that does not involve a large number of interneurons (or association neurons). The simplest version is a mono-synaptic reflex that uses one sensory and one motor neuron (for examp ...