LFP Power Spectra in V1 Cortex: The Graded Effect of Stimulus
... the LFP specifically distinguish themselves from the other LFP components as well as to explore what information the LFP can lend to our understanding of the spike responses when they are both recorded within the same paradigm by which previous work in single-unit physiology has elucidated the worki ...
... the LFP specifically distinguish themselves from the other LFP components as well as to explore what information the LFP can lend to our understanding of the spike responses when they are both recorded within the same paradigm by which previous work in single-unit physiology has elucidated the worki ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... and therefore less mechanistically informative, than in the larval zebrafish. The readiness with which zebrafish larvae lend themselves to optogenetics and other molecular tools (each with its own distinct efficacy across development), together with the general experimental advantages of zebrafish f ...
... and therefore less mechanistically informative, than in the larval zebrafish. The readiness with which zebrafish larvae lend themselves to optogenetics and other molecular tools (each with its own distinct efficacy across development), together with the general experimental advantages of zebrafish f ...
Cadherin Expression by Embryonic Divisions and
... reflected, in part, by the regional and differential expression of cadherins. Each cadherin-defined diencephalic division is secondarily transformed to give rise to a fully developed domain of gray matter in the mature diencephalon, which extends radially from the ventricular surface to the pial sur ...
... reflected, in part, by the regional and differential expression of cadherins. Each cadherin-defined diencephalic division is secondarily transformed to give rise to a fully developed domain of gray matter in the mature diencephalon, which extends radially from the ventricular surface to the pial sur ...
all-or-nothing principle
... document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. ...
... document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. ...
The subthalamic nucleus in the context of movement disorders
... 1Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto Western Research Institute, Ontario, Canada and 2Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Division of ...
... 1Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto Western Research Institute, Ontario, Canada and 2Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Division of ...
Control of Extracellular Dopamine at Dendrite and Axon Terminals
... Comparison of the time course of the dopamine transient in the VTA, SNc, and striatum FSCV with carbon fiber electrodes was used to compare the time course of dopamine release from axonal terminals in the dorsal striatum and dendritic terminals in the VTA. A single stimulus evoked release of dopamin ...
... Comparison of the time course of the dopamine transient in the VTA, SNc, and striatum FSCV with carbon fiber electrodes was used to compare the time course of dopamine release from axonal terminals in the dorsal striatum and dendritic terminals in the VTA. A single stimulus evoked release of dopamin ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1) - test bank and solution manual for your
... 34. During action potential, the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron. a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, t ...
... 34. During action potential, the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron. a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, t ...
Cortical Involvement During Sustained Lower Limb Contractions
... most studies examining the role of the cortex during muscle contractions have been conducted in upper limb muscles. Modulation of force by the cortex in the lower extremity and the influence of cortical inputs are poorly understood. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the role the co ...
... most studies examining the role of the cortex during muscle contractions have been conducted in upper limb muscles. Modulation of force by the cortex in the lower extremity and the influence of cortical inputs are poorly understood. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the role the co ...
Section and Senior Editor - HAL
... characterize the behavioral phenotypes of WT and Ox-/- littermates and to compare them with those of HDC-/- mice. Sleep-wake recordings were maintained during and after the tests, which were performed in a random sequence: 1) a simulation of injection (at 10 A.M., n = 16 from 8 pairs of animals), co ...
... characterize the behavioral phenotypes of WT and Ox-/- littermates and to compare them with those of HDC-/- mice. Sleep-wake recordings were maintained during and after the tests, which were performed in a random sequence: 1) a simulation of injection (at 10 A.M., n = 16 from 8 pairs of animals), co ...
CHAPTER TWO - Test Bank 1
... 34. During action potential, the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron. a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, t ...
... 34. During action potential, the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron. a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, t ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Directly Activates Noradrenergic
... Tissue preparation. Rats (180 –300 gm) were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, i.p.) and perfused through the ascending aorta with an ice-cold, oxygenated (low Na/high sucrose) perfusion solution (in mM: 1.9 KCl, 1.2 Na2HPO4, 6 MgCl2, 33 NaHCO3, 20 glucose, and 229 sucrose saturated with ...
... Tissue preparation. Rats (180 –300 gm) were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, i.p.) and perfused through the ascending aorta with an ice-cold, oxygenated (low Na/high sucrose) perfusion solution (in mM: 1.9 KCl, 1.2 Na2HPO4, 6 MgCl2, 33 NaHCO3, 20 glucose, and 229 sucrose saturated with ...
Functional Neuroimaging Insights into the Physiology of Human Sleep
... regionally specific and transient. Besides refining the understanding of sleep mechanisms, functional brain imaging has also advanced the description of the functional properties of sleep. For instance, it has been shown that the sleeping brain is still able to process external information and even ...
... regionally specific and transient. Besides refining the understanding of sleep mechanisms, functional brain imaging has also advanced the description of the functional properties of sleep. For instance, it has been shown that the sleeping brain is still able to process external information and even ...
Structure and Function of the Brain Serotonin System
... highly regular discharge pattern, which was established as a bioelectric “signature” for this neurochemical group of neurons. The last set of advances relevant to this review conterns the plastic nature of brain serotonergic neurons and involves three related research areas: development of specific ...
... highly regular discharge pattern, which was established as a bioelectric “signature” for this neurochemical group of neurons. The last set of advances relevant to this review conterns the plastic nature of brain serotonergic neurons and involves three related research areas: development of specific ...
Plasticity-related genes in brain development and amygdala
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future
... Auditory signals allow people to orient themselves in the world, to become aware of possible threats, and to communicate with others. The auditory pathway in humans encompasses both peripheral and central structures. The peripheral structures cause sounds in the form of waves to transform into neura ...
... Auditory signals allow people to orient themselves in the world, to become aware of possible threats, and to communicate with others. The auditory pathway in humans encompasses both peripheral and central structures. The peripheral structures cause sounds in the form of waves to transform into neura ...
Bipolar Disorder
... with bipolar disorder (Rajkowska et al., 2001). These observations may account for cell loss observed in brain imaging and post-mortem studies of bipolar patients (Brown et al., 2003). These deficits differ from reported observations of increased neuronal density noted in patients with schizophrenia ...
... with bipolar disorder (Rajkowska et al., 2001). These observations may account for cell loss observed in brain imaging and post-mortem studies of bipolar patients (Brown et al., 2003). These deficits differ from reported observations of increased neuronal density noted in patients with schizophrenia ...
Segregated cholinergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area
... Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) receive cholinergic innervation from brainstem structures associated with either movement or reward. While cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) carry an associative/motor signal, those of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LD ...
... Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) receive cholinergic innervation from brainstem structures associated with either movement or reward. While cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) carry an associative/motor signal, those of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LD ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... describes new evidence from behavioural studies, human clinical studies, single-unit recording studies, and brain activation studies that provide further support for the proposed model of medial temporal–medial diencephalic interactions. The final sections consider some of the implications of the mo ...
... describes new evidence from behavioural studies, human clinical studies, single-unit recording studies, and brain activation studies that provide further support for the proposed model of medial temporal–medial diencephalic interactions. The final sections consider some of the implications of the mo ...
Neurophysiological involvement in hypervolemic hyponatremia
... and cardiomyocytes [38]. Moreover, both hyper- and hypoosmotic stimuli can activate TRPV4 channels by providing mechanical activation of integrins because mechanical forces applied to cell surface b1 integrins can rapidly activate Ca2+ influx through TRPV4 channels [39]. In the SON, polysialic acid- ...
... and cardiomyocytes [38]. Moreover, both hyper- and hypoosmotic stimuli can activate TRPV4 channels by providing mechanical activation of integrins because mechanical forces applied to cell surface b1 integrins can rapidly activate Ca2+ influx through TRPV4 channels [39]. In the SON, polysialic acid- ...
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): The three musketeers of
... mushrooms. He was able to extract the acid glutamate from seaweed, but it took about five decades for scientists to discover that this substance can excite the brain tissue (Chiosa and Gane 1956, Curtis et al. 1960), and two decades more to accept it as the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the ce ...
... mushrooms. He was able to extract the acid glutamate from seaweed, but it took about five decades for scientists to discover that this substance can excite the brain tissue (Chiosa and Gane 1956, Curtis et al. 1960), and two decades more to accept it as the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the ce ...
Cross-modal Circuitry Between Auditory and
... phenomenon will provide insight not only into the incidence of this particular pattern of sensory convergence, but will also contribute to our understanding of the basic principles of multisensory convergence and integration in general. The anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) is one of but a few corti ...
... phenomenon will provide insight not only into the incidence of this particular pattern of sensory convergence, but will also contribute to our understanding of the basic principles of multisensory convergence and integration in general. The anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) is one of but a few corti ...
The Role of Mirror Neurons in Movement
... performing a similar action. Some premotor (F5) mirror neurons have also been shown to be corticospinal neurons, meaning that spinal targets are also influenced during action observation. Simultaneous electromyography (EMG) recordings from hand and arm muscles provide important evidence that the act ...
... performing a similar action. Some premotor (F5) mirror neurons have also been shown to be corticospinal neurons, meaning that spinal targets are also influenced during action observation. Simultaneous electromyography (EMG) recordings from hand and arm muscles provide important evidence that the act ...
NEEDS (MURRAY, 1938) AND STATE
... Murray will serve as an adequate proxy for Freud, especially since I do not want my needs-defense-behavior analysis to be entangled with Freud’s metapsychology. The latter could hardly be translated into Skinnerese, and I myself do not subscribe to much of it. Some may consider this a feckless endea ...
... Murray will serve as an adequate proxy for Freud, especially since I do not want my needs-defense-behavior analysis to be entangled with Freud’s metapsychology. The latter could hardly be translated into Skinnerese, and I myself do not subscribe to much of it. Some may consider this a feckless endea ...