TEMPORAL AND REGIONAL REGULATION OF a1, b2 AND b3
... was also reduced in CA1 pyramidal cells. 78 Moreover, among the principal hippocampal cell types studied following chronic benzodiazepine treatments with a range of electrophysiological approaches, GABAergic function was shown to be selectively impaired in CA1 pyramidal cells. 53,54,79–82 Furthermor ...
... was also reduced in CA1 pyramidal cells. 78 Moreover, among the principal hippocampal cell types studied following chronic benzodiazepine treatments with a range of electrophysiological approaches, GABAergic function was shown to be selectively impaired in CA1 pyramidal cells. 53,54,79–82 Furthermor ...
Nutr Health. 2006 - Alzheimer`s Research Center
... factors, both those already implicated by epidemiology and factors as yet undiscovered. Environmental risk factors are clearly central to reducing the majority of late onset cases which are not obviously caused by genetic factors. Thus, our group and others have attempted to screen environmental ris ...
... factors, both those already implicated by epidemiology and factors as yet undiscovered. Environmental risk factors are clearly central to reducing the majority of late onset cases which are not obviously caused by genetic factors. Thus, our group and others have attempted to screen environmental ris ...
Cell Type-Specific, Presynaptic LTP of Inhibitory Synapses on Fast
... a Ca 2⫹ chelator did not block the induction of LTP, suggesting no involvement of postsynaptic Ca 2⫹ rise. Also, this form of LTP was dependent neither on metabotropic glutamate receptors nor voltage-gated Ca 2⫹ channels of the L and T types. Further pharmacological analysis indicated that voltage-g ...
... a Ca 2⫹ chelator did not block the induction of LTP, suggesting no involvement of postsynaptic Ca 2⫹ rise. Also, this form of LTP was dependent neither on metabotropic glutamate receptors nor voltage-gated Ca 2⫹ channels of the L and T types. Further pharmacological analysis indicated that voltage-g ...
Deficits of brainstem and spinal cord functions after
... used to obtain clinical information noninvasively and follows the brain injury (4). It is well established that there are volumetric reductions in certain brain areas of HI preterm infants including the thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex. Only a few studies have examined neuronal injury in ...
... used to obtain clinical information noninvasively and follows the brain injury (4). It is well established that there are volumetric reductions in certain brain areas of HI preterm infants including the thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex. Only a few studies have examined neuronal injury in ...
PDF - Oxford Academic
... above criteria. The literature on the peripheral system is vast but historical aspects will receive little attention because there is currently general agreement as to the specific functions of lateral line receptors. In the final analysis, regardless of the differential response of the peripheral r ...
... above criteria. The literature on the peripheral system is vast but historical aspects will receive little attention because there is currently general agreement as to the specific functions of lateral line receptors. In the final analysis, regardless of the differential response of the peripheral r ...
PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
Regulation of neuronal survival and death by extracellular signals
... to their targets has come from studying populations of cranial sensory neurons whose axons have markedly different distances to grow to their targets (Davies, 1989; Vogel and Davies, 1991). The neurons of the vestibular, geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia are derived from thickened regions of h ...
... to their targets has come from studying populations of cranial sensory neurons whose axons have markedly different distances to grow to their targets (Davies, 1989; Vogel and Davies, 1991). The neurons of the vestibular, geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia are derived from thickened regions of h ...
Neurochemical excitation of propriospinal neurons facilitates
... spinal cord. During electrical stimulation of the brain stem, propriospinal transmission alone, independent of long direct projections, was sufficient to activate locomotor-like activity in 27% of in vitro rat preparations (Cowley et al. 2008). Thus regeneration of propriospinal connections and arti ...
... spinal cord. During electrical stimulation of the brain stem, propriospinal transmission alone, independent of long direct projections, was sufficient to activate locomotor-like activity in 27% of in vitro rat preparations (Cowley et al. 2008). Thus regeneration of propriospinal connections and arti ...
The NEURON Simulation Environment
... the implementation of the built−in integrate and fire models, but these topics are beyond the scope of this paper. NEURON’s strategy for dealing with synaptic connections emerged from techniques initially developed by Destexhe et al. (1994) and Lytton (1996). This strategy is based on a very simple ...
... the implementation of the built−in integrate and fire models, but these topics are beyond the scope of this paper. NEURON’s strategy for dealing with synaptic connections emerged from techniques initially developed by Destexhe et al. (1994) and Lytton (1996). This strategy is based on a very simple ...
Glycine Binding Sites of Presynaptic NMDA Receptors May
... et al. 2000). The ability of glycine or D-serine to potentiate NMDA-R responses clearly indicates that the glycine binding site of NMDA-Rs is not saturated. To date, a number of studies have shown that the NMDA-Rs are present on the presynaptic membrane in addition to the postsynaptic area. Presynap ...
... et al. 2000). The ability of glycine or D-serine to potentiate NMDA-R responses clearly indicates that the glycine binding site of NMDA-Rs is not saturated. To date, a number of studies have shown that the NMDA-Rs are present on the presynaptic membrane in addition to the postsynaptic area. Presynap ...
University of Groningen Plasticity of airway smooth muscle
... mass as they can be mitogenic for cultured ASM cells and/or can augment growth factor induced proliferation [9]. For example, cholinergic signalling (as described in Chapter 7) [10], tachykinins [11], inflammatory mediators such as histamine [12] and leukotriene D4 [13] have been reported to be pro- ...
... mass as they can be mitogenic for cultured ASM cells and/or can augment growth factor induced proliferation [9]. For example, cholinergic signalling (as described in Chapter 7) [10], tachykinins [11], inflammatory mediators such as histamine [12] and leukotriene D4 [13] have been reported to be pro- ...
Text S1.
... On DW4 pattern the measured value for polarization along L1 is 52.3% (113 axons along L1 out of 216 neurons). As 113 neurons with an axon along L1 were counted at 3 DIV, as many attempted to differentiate along each direction at 1-2 DIV. Since a mean of 34.3 axons along each of the curved lines (103 ...
... On DW4 pattern the measured value for polarization along L1 is 52.3% (113 axons along L1 out of 216 neurons). As 113 neurons with an axon along L1 were counted at 3 DIV, as many attempted to differentiate along each direction at 1-2 DIV. Since a mean of 34.3 axons along each of the curved lines (103 ...
Distinct or Gradually Changing Spatial and Nonspatial
... out a continuous theta oscillation. Moreover, the nature of theta oscillation in the bat’s dorsal hippocampus was intermittent (Ulanovsky and Moss, 2007), much like the intermittent theta reported by Royer et al. (2010) in the rat ventral hippocampus. The existence of place cells without continuous ...
... out a continuous theta oscillation. Moreover, the nature of theta oscillation in the bat’s dorsal hippocampus was intermittent (Ulanovsky and Moss, 2007), much like the intermittent theta reported by Royer et al. (2010) in the rat ventral hippocampus. The existence of place cells without continuous ...
Regional Differentiation of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in
... Dual labelling indicates stress-sensitive preautonomic neurons, and they are localized primarily in dorsal, ventral and lateral parvicellular Also injected tracer into T1-T2 thoracic spinal cord to more specifically label PVH outputs relevant to sympathetic control. Stress + mPFCv lesion in this gro ...
... Dual labelling indicates stress-sensitive preautonomic neurons, and they are localized primarily in dorsal, ventral and lateral parvicellular Also injected tracer into T1-T2 thoracic spinal cord to more specifically label PVH outputs relevant to sympathetic control. Stress + mPFCv lesion in this gro ...
Orexin (Hypocretin)-Like Immunoreactivity in the Cat Hypothalamus
... intake and that the expression of orexin mRNA is increased by food deprivation. These observations suggest that a major function of the orexins is likely to be involved in the regulation of feeding behavior (reviewed in Ref. 3). Although neurons containing orexins are located exclusively in the LHA, ...
... intake and that the expression of orexin mRNA is increased by food deprivation. These observations suggest that a major function of the orexins is likely to be involved in the regulation of feeding behavior (reviewed in Ref. 3). Although neurons containing orexins are located exclusively in the LHA, ...
PDZ Protein Regulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor
... understanding the myriad of mechanisms controlling GPCR signaling and trafficking is essential for the development of new pharmacological strategies for the treatment of human pathologies. Of the many GPCR-interacting proteins, postsynaptic density protein of 95 kilodaltons, disc large, zona occlude ...
... understanding the myriad of mechanisms controlling GPCR signaling and trafficking is essential for the development of new pharmacological strategies for the treatment of human pathologies. Of the many GPCR-interacting proteins, postsynaptic density protein of 95 kilodaltons, disc large, zona occlude ...
Understanding Opioid Reward Howard L. Fields and Elyssa B
... GABA, and a variety of neuropeptides (Box 2). Another caveat to these experiments is that TH mRNA expression has been observed in neurons with varying levels of vesicular monoamine transporter expression, raising the possibility that some TH positive neurons may not release dopamine through a classi ...
... GABA, and a variety of neuropeptides (Box 2). Another caveat to these experiments is that TH mRNA expression has been observed in neurons with varying levels of vesicular monoamine transporter expression, raising the possibility that some TH positive neurons may not release dopamine through a classi ...
Nor-binaltorphimine Precipitates Withdrawal and Excitatory Amino
... second 15-min sample, as well, before returning to levels not statistically different from the basal level in the third 15-min sample. The glutamate levels in the initial samples from the groups receiving morphine (10.65 6 1.23 mM) or saline (10.23 6 1.04 mM) were not significantly different from ba ...
... second 15-min sample, as well, before returning to levels not statistically different from the basal level in the third 15-min sample. The glutamate levels in the initial samples from the groups receiving morphine (10.65 6 1.23 mM) or saline (10.23 6 1.04 mM) were not significantly different from ba ...
PDF
... indirect, methods to measure dopamine concentration in the striatum. By contrast, many other studies track the firing of dopaminergic neurons by recording electrical activity in the midbrain, where the cell bodies lie (Fig. 1a). Such recordings from rats running through mazes have yet to be reported ...
... indirect, methods to measure dopamine concentration in the striatum. By contrast, many other studies track the firing of dopaminergic neurons by recording electrical activity in the midbrain, where the cell bodies lie (Fig. 1a). Such recordings from rats running through mazes have yet to be reported ...
Chapter 15 - Houston Community College Learning Web
... efferent divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they fun ...
... efferent divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they fun ...
Signaling by truncated Dab1 protein - Development
... Dab2, a related protein that functions independently of tyrosine phosphorylation (Xu et al., 1995). The C terminus also includes predicted phosphorylation sites for Cdk5, a protein serine/threonine kinase known to phosphorylate Dab1 in vitro and to function in regulating reelin-dependent migrations ...
... Dab2, a related protein that functions independently of tyrosine phosphorylation (Xu et al., 1995). The C terminus also includes predicted phosphorylation sites for Cdk5, a protein serine/threonine kinase known to phosphorylate Dab1 in vitro and to function in regulating reelin-dependent migrations ...
Pearson SA, Mouihate A, Pittman QJ, Whelan PJ
... times for ENG; 500 –5000 times for EMG), bandpass-filtered (100 Hz–1 kHz), and digitized at 2 kHz (Axon Instruments Digidata 1320, Union City, CA) for future analysis. General protocol. The preparations were allowed to equilibrate in the recording chamber for ⬃1 hr. Then 10 min of control baseline a ...
... times for ENG; 500 –5000 times for EMG), bandpass-filtered (100 Hz–1 kHz), and digitized at 2 kHz (Axon Instruments Digidata 1320, Union City, CA) for future analysis. General protocol. The preparations were allowed to equilibrate in the recording chamber for ⬃1 hr. Then 10 min of control baseline a ...
Pain in Down`s Syndrome
... that activation of a class of rostral ventromedial medulla neurons termed off-cells exerts an inhibitory effect on nociception. However, it has recently become clear that this system can facilitate nociception through the activation of a class of neurons termed on-cells as a mediating descending fac ...
... that activation of a class of rostral ventromedial medulla neurons termed off-cells exerts an inhibitory effect on nociception. However, it has recently become clear that this system can facilitate nociception through the activation of a class of neurons termed on-cells as a mediating descending fac ...
Zebrafish and motor control over the last decade
... O'Malley, 2000; Eaton et al., 1977; Saint-Amant and Drapeau, 1998). There is a regular pattern of development with gross body movements followed by the development of rhythmic swimming and, subsequently, slower swimming and pectoral fin movements (Thorsen et al., 2004). Very early movements rely on ...
... O'Malley, 2000; Eaton et al., 1977; Saint-Amant and Drapeau, 1998). There is a regular pattern of development with gross body movements followed by the development of rhythmic swimming and, subsequently, slower swimming and pectoral fin movements (Thorsen et al., 2004). Very early movements rely on ...
Direct and indirect cellular effects of aspartame on the brain
... contradictory results; norepinephrine and dopamine (precursor of norepinephrine) concentrations in various brain regions increased significantly, and not as observed above. However, mice have a different metabolism for aspartame and its breakdown products are different from those of human beings; th ...
... contradictory results; norepinephrine and dopamine (precursor of norepinephrine) concentrations in various brain regions increased significantly, and not as observed above. However, mice have a different metabolism for aspartame and its breakdown products are different from those of human beings; th ...