Chapter 5-7
... Catalyst Summary Four important principles about all catalysts • They speed up reactions that would occur anyway, if their activation energy could be surmounted. • Catalysts lower activation energy. • The lowered activation energy allows reactions to move forward more quickly. • Catalysts are not ...
... Catalyst Summary Four important principles about all catalysts • They speed up reactions that would occur anyway, if their activation energy could be surmounted. • Catalysts lower activation energy. • The lowered activation energy allows reactions to move forward more quickly. • Catalysts are not ...
File
... oxygen (rusting, burning) Oxidation refers to a loss of electrons Reduction refers to a gain of electrons ...
... oxygen (rusting, burning) Oxidation refers to a loss of electrons Reduction refers to a gain of electrons ...
Muscle
... • In liver, SIRT1 interacts with and deacetylates PGC1a (PPAR-g corepressor-1) • CR leads to increased transcription of these genes encoding the enzymes of gluconeogenesis and repression of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes →SIRT1 connects nutrient a ...
... • In liver, SIRT1 interacts with and deacetylates PGC1a (PPAR-g corepressor-1) • CR leads to increased transcription of these genes encoding the enzymes of gluconeogenesis and repression of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes →SIRT1 connects nutrient a ...
Answer Key for the Supplemental Problem Set #1
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
Fermentation PowerPoint File
... Fermenation How do organisms generate energy when oxygen is not available? In the absence of oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP. ...
... Fermenation How do organisms generate energy when oxygen is not available? In the absence of oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP. ...
Ch. 6 PPT
... • Electrons from NADH and FADH2 – Travel down the electron transport chain to oxygen, which picks up H+ to form water • Energy released by the redox reactions ...
... • Electrons from NADH and FADH2 – Travel down the electron transport chain to oxygen, which picks up H+ to form water • Energy released by the redox reactions ...
Key Area 8 Respiration
... carbon glucose molecule into two 3 carbon pyruvate molecules with the production of a relatively small amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ...
... carbon glucose molecule into two 3 carbon pyruvate molecules with the production of a relatively small amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ...
The Science of Energy Metabolism
... need to obtain potential energy from the foods we eat in the form of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The modern western diet has lead to a decrease in nutrient intake and an increase in foods such as refined carbohydrates, trans fats and saturated fats. These direct sources of energy expectedly ha ...
... need to obtain potential energy from the foods we eat in the form of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The modern western diet has lead to a decrease in nutrient intake and an increase in foods such as refined carbohydrates, trans fats and saturated fats. These direct sources of energy expectedly ha ...
Chapter 8 - HCC Learning Web
... Reactions in a closed system eventually reach equilibrium and can do no work. A cell that has reached metabolic equilibrium has a G = 0 and is dead! ...
... Reactions in a closed system eventually reach equilibrium and can do no work. A cell that has reached metabolic equilibrium has a G = 0 and is dead! ...
1 Pyruvate and acetate metabolism (The citric acid cycle) I. Pyruvate
... complicated task. At first it might appear that the carbonyl on C2 would serve the same function of weakening the C1-C2 bond as discussed before, but unfortunately its location on, rather than next to, the C involved in bond-breaking makes it too close to be of use. Instead, a series of steps involv ...
... complicated task. At first it might appear that the carbonyl on C2 would serve the same function of weakening the C1-C2 bond as discussed before, but unfortunately its location on, rather than next to, the C involved in bond-breaking makes it too close to be of use. Instead, a series of steps involv ...
University of - Biochemistry at the University of Maryland, College Park
... exp(−ΔG′º/RT) = {[3-PG][NADH][ATP] / [GAP][NAD+][ADP][Pi]} 157 = {(10−3 M) (10−3) (3 × 10−3) / (10−3) (10−3) (10−3) [Pi]} [Pi] = (3 × 10−3) / [(10−3) (157) = 0.0191 M (not nearly as much) 5. (20 points) Glycolysis (a; 12 points) Listed below are three enzymes from the glycolysis pathway. For any two ...
... exp(−ΔG′º/RT) = {[3-PG][NADH][ATP] / [GAP][NAD+][ADP][Pi]} 157 = {(10−3 M) (10−3) (3 × 10−3) / (10−3) (10−3) (10−3) [Pi]} [Pi] = (3 × 10−3) / [(10−3) (157) = 0.0191 M (not nearly as much) 5. (20 points) Glycolysis (a; 12 points) Listed below are three enzymes from the glycolysis pathway. For any two ...
Bio 210 Cell Chemistry Lecture 9 “Krebs Cycle”
... Not all organisms are able to use oxygen in metabolism. Even organisms such as ourselves that are highly evolved still have some means to extract energy, even if oxygen is in short supply. These processes which derive energy in the absence of oxygen are known as fermentation. We will look at two maj ...
... Not all organisms are able to use oxygen in metabolism. Even organisms such as ourselves that are highly evolved still have some means to extract energy, even if oxygen is in short supply. These processes which derive energy in the absence of oxygen are known as fermentation. We will look at two maj ...
L3-RS_Aerobic & Anaerobic Metabolism in
... ◦ ATP is used for glycogenesis (storage form of glucose) ◦ ATP is used to create another energy storage compound called creatine phosphate ...
... ◦ ATP is used for glycogenesis (storage form of glucose) ◦ ATP is used to create another energy storage compound called creatine phosphate ...
Teaching Active Transport At the Turn of the Twenty
... or reverse fluxes in general agreement with Eq. 1 (Inesi et al., 1980; Inesi, 1985; Pickart and Jencks, 1984). The advantage of this analysis is to be mechanistically explicit, and to spell out the specifications of the transport "machine." It makes clear that, although the pump is in principle capa ...
... or reverse fluxes in general agreement with Eq. 1 (Inesi et al., 1980; Inesi, 1985; Pickart and Jencks, 1984). The advantage of this analysis is to be mechanistically explicit, and to spell out the specifications of the transport "machine." It makes clear that, although the pump is in principle capa ...
mechanism of photosynthesis
... enter into PS-II, thus it involves both PS-I and PS-II. (i) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation : Hill and Bendal (1960) and Robinowitch and Govindjee (1965) have proposed Z- scheme to explain the process of photophosphorylation. According to him during light reaction, both the photochemical processes ( ...
... enter into PS-II, thus it involves both PS-I and PS-II. (i) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation : Hill and Bendal (1960) and Robinowitch and Govindjee (1965) have proposed Z- scheme to explain the process of photophosphorylation. According to him during light reaction, both the photochemical processes ( ...
File
... My hypothesis should be rejected, as my initial presumption of the rate of respiration in germinating peas was incorrect. From this experiment, we can see from the germinating peas in the 20-degree waterbath that, over time, the rate of oxygen consumed increases. However, I was correct in thinking t ...
... My hypothesis should be rejected, as my initial presumption of the rate of respiration in germinating peas was incorrect. From this experiment, we can see from the germinating peas in the 20-degree waterbath that, over time, the rate of oxygen consumed increases. However, I was correct in thinking t ...
7.2 Glycolysis
... Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
... Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
Ch. 9
... • The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons • Electrons drop in free energy as they go down the chain and are finally passed to O2, forming water ...
... • The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons • Electrons drop in free energy as they go down the chain and are finally passed to O2, forming water ...
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE - Homepages | The University of Aberdeen
... Why is heat a ‘lower grade’, ‘less useful’ form of energy? All forms of energy ‘do work’ (Section 1), but heat energy only does this when it flows from a place with a high temperature to one with a low temperature. Many systems are not like this, and organisms/cells certainly aren’t. So heat in gene ...
... Why is heat a ‘lower grade’, ‘less useful’ form of energy? All forms of energy ‘do work’ (Section 1), but heat energy only does this when it flows from a place with a high temperature to one with a low temperature. Many systems are not like this, and organisms/cells certainly aren’t. So heat in gene ...
Properties of ATP - BioWiki
... Phosphorylation reactions using ATP are really nucleophilic substitution reactions which proceed through a pentavalent intermediate. The rest of the ATP molecule is then considered the leaving group, which could be theoretically ADP or AMP as well. If water is the nucleophile, the reaction is also a ...
... Phosphorylation reactions using ATP are really nucleophilic substitution reactions which proceed through a pentavalent intermediate. The rest of the ATP molecule is then considered the leaving group, which could be theoretically ADP or AMP as well. If water is the nucleophile, the reaction is also a ...
Islamic University of Gaza Advanced Biochemistry Faculty of
... Although the Krebs cycle does not directly require oxygen, it can only take place when oxygen is present because it relies on by-products from the electron transport chain, which requires oxygen. The Krebs cycle is therefore an aerobic process. ...
... Although the Krebs cycle does not directly require oxygen, it can only take place when oxygen is present because it relies on by-products from the electron transport chain, which requires oxygen. The Krebs cycle is therefore an aerobic process. ...
Ch18.doc
... 2. Note that the question says “excess of pure lactate dehydrogenase and NADH”. This is important because alanine-transaminase will produce pyruvate which as soon as it is produced will be reduced to lactic acid using NADH. NADH has a strong absorbance at 340 nm, so the rate of decrease in 340 nm ab ...
... 2. Note that the question says “excess of pure lactate dehydrogenase and NADH”. This is important because alanine-transaminase will produce pyruvate which as soon as it is produced will be reduced to lactic acid using NADH. NADH has a strong absorbance at 340 nm, so the rate of decrease in 340 nm ab ...
Chemistry 11th
... Important conditions required for the linear combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals are : (a) The combining atomic orbitals should have comparable energies. (b) The combining atomic orbitals must have proper orientation e.g., same symmetry, so that they are able to overlap to ...
... Important conditions required for the linear combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals are : (a) The combining atomic orbitals should have comparable energies. (b) The combining atomic orbitals must have proper orientation e.g., same symmetry, so that they are able to overlap to ...
Bioenergetics
... from glycogen stored in the muscles or liver or glucose delivered in the blood to produce ATP • Does not produce much ATP in comparison to aerobic metabolism, but it has the advantage that it doesn't require oxygen • It occurs in the Sarcoplasm of the muscle cell, not the mitochondria • For intense ...
... from glycogen stored in the muscles or liver or glucose delivered in the blood to produce ATP • Does not produce much ATP in comparison to aerobic metabolism, but it has the advantage that it doesn't require oxygen • It occurs in the Sarcoplasm of the muscle cell, not the mitochondria • For intense ...
Decarboxylation Reactions Major concepts Decarboxylation
... in which CO2 is produced. If a cofactor is required, give the cofactor. C. Label all reactions that are ...
... in which CO2 is produced. If a cofactor is required, give the cofactor. C. Label all reactions that are ...