PASSIVE TRANSPORT
... It is said active transport the transfer of a given molecule from the compartment (intra- or extra-cellular) in which the substance has a lower concentration to he one in which it has a higher concentration. Then in the opposite direction to the gradient of concentration (or the electrochemical grad ...
... It is said active transport the transfer of a given molecule from the compartment (intra- or extra-cellular) in which the substance has a lower concentration to he one in which it has a higher concentration. Then in the opposite direction to the gradient of concentration (or the electrochemical grad ...
MITOCHONDRIA
... resulting in an electrochemical proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. These accumulated protons then flow in the reverse direction back down the electrochemical gradient and into the matrix by passing through channels in the enzyme complex of ATP synthase. The energy inherent in ...
... resulting in an electrochemical proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. These accumulated protons then flow in the reverse direction back down the electrochemical gradient and into the matrix by passing through channels in the enzyme complex of ATP synthase. The energy inherent in ...
File - western undergrad. by the students, for the students.
... also have internal membranes that divide the cell into different compartments (Fig 11-3, p.366). Biological membranes have several important functions: 1. They separate the contents of a cell or organelle from the surrounding environment. 2. They control import and export of molecules (e.g., nutrien ...
... also have internal membranes that divide the cell into different compartments (Fig 11-3, p.366). Biological membranes have several important functions: 1. They separate the contents of a cell or organelle from the surrounding environment. 2. They control import and export of molecules (e.g., nutrien ...
ppt
... ATP, FADH, and NADH. 5. In summary, the C2 acetyl is split and the energy released is trapped in ATP, FADH, and 3 NADH. (this occurs for EACH of the 2 pyruvates from the initial ...
... ATP, FADH, and NADH. 5. In summary, the C2 acetyl is split and the energy released is trapped in ATP, FADH, and 3 NADH. (this occurs for EACH of the 2 pyruvates from the initial ...
Bioenergetics and Metabolism
... Glycolysis is the sole source of ATP under anaerobic conditions which can occur in animal muscle tissue during intense exercise. Fermentation also relies on glycolysis which is a process that is used to make alcoholic beverages when yeast cells are provided glucose without oxygen. ...
... Glycolysis is the sole source of ATP under anaerobic conditions which can occur in animal muscle tissue during intense exercise. Fermentation also relies on glycolysis which is a process that is used to make alcoholic beverages when yeast cells are provided glucose without oxygen. ...
Biochemistry I: Macromolecules
... Overall, a molecule is held together by many interactions. A molecule forms a particular shape because it likes to adopt the lowest energy state (minimize entropy) In adopting this shape, the alternative conformations are selected, and the groups that cannot form hydrogen bonds with water (the hydro ...
... Overall, a molecule is held together by many interactions. A molecule forms a particular shape because it likes to adopt the lowest energy state (minimize entropy) In adopting this shape, the alternative conformations are selected, and the groups that cannot form hydrogen bonds with water (the hydro ...
Chem 150 quiz #6
... 10. Will the coupled reaction using the two reactions below be spontaneous or nonspontaneous? ATP + H2O ----> ADP + Pi Glucose + Pi ----> Glucose-6-Pi + H2O a. spontaneous ...
... 10. Will the coupled reaction using the two reactions below be spontaneous or nonspontaneous? ATP + H2O ----> ADP + Pi Glucose + Pi ----> Glucose-6-Pi + H2O a. spontaneous ...
Answers to Selected Exercises
... its kinetic energy) drops to zero. Most of the kinetic energy is transferred to the sand, which deforms when the ball lands. Some energy is released as heat through friction between the ball and the sand. 4.11 The energy source of a 100-watt light bulb is electrical current from household wiring. En ...
... its kinetic energy) drops to zero. Most of the kinetic energy is transferred to the sand, which deforms when the ball lands. Some energy is released as heat through friction between the ball and the sand. 4.11 The energy source of a 100-watt light bulb is electrical current from household wiring. En ...
12.3 The Citric Acid Cycle Oxidizes AcetylCoA
... 12.6 Regulation of the Citric Acid Cycle • Pathway controlled by: ...
... 12.6 Regulation of the Citric Acid Cycle • Pathway controlled by: ...
Biol 1406 notes Ch 8 8thed - Chemistry
... Energy transfers and transformations make the universe more disordered due to the l oss of usable energy. Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness: The more random a collection of mat ter, the greater its entropy. The second law of thermodynamics states: Every energy transfer or transfor ...
... Energy transfers and transformations make the universe more disordered due to the l oss of usable energy. Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness: The more random a collection of mat ter, the greater its entropy. The second law of thermodynamics states: Every energy transfer or transfor ...
normal myocardial metabolism: fueling cardiac contraction
... oxidative phosphorylation at the electron transport chain in mitochondria. The essence of oxidative phosphorylation is that energy is released from NADH and FADH2 received from the Krebs cycle, by in turn reducing O2 to O2– and creating an H+ gradient that is coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and in ...
... oxidative phosphorylation at the electron transport chain in mitochondria. The essence of oxidative phosphorylation is that energy is released from NADH and FADH2 received from the Krebs cycle, by in turn reducing O2 to O2– and creating an H+ gradient that is coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and in ...
History of the word photosynthesis and evolution of
... Photosynthesis is a series of processes in which electromagnetic energy is converted to chemical energy used for biosynthesis of organic cell materials; a photosynthetic organism is one in which a major fraction of the energy required for cellular syntheses is supplied by light. Molecular oxygen and ...
... Photosynthesis is a series of processes in which electromagnetic energy is converted to chemical energy used for biosynthesis of organic cell materials; a photosynthetic organism is one in which a major fraction of the energy required for cellular syntheses is supplied by light. Molecular oxygen and ...
1030ExamI
... E. At least the three atoms carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen 11. The four major groups of organic compounds are: A. Fats, waxes, carbohydrates and amino acids B. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids C. Carbohydrates, lipids, steroids and monosaccharides D. Lipids, fats, waxes and steroids ...
... E. At least the three atoms carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen 11. The four major groups of organic compounds are: A. Fats, waxes, carbohydrates and amino acids B. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids C. Carbohydrates, lipids, steroids and monosaccharides D. Lipids, fats, waxes and steroids ...
Biol 1406 notes Ch 8 8thed
... An isolated system, approximated by liquid in a thermos, is unable to exchange either energy or matter with its surroundings. In an open system, energy and matter can be transferred between the system and its surroundings. Organisms are open systems: They absorb energy—light or chemical energy ...
... An isolated system, approximated by liquid in a thermos, is unable to exchange either energy or matter with its surroundings. In an open system, energy and matter can be transferred between the system and its surroundings. Organisms are open systems: They absorb energy—light or chemical energy ...
Oxidized
... autotrophically, the formation of ATP is not enough – Reducing power (NADH) is also necessary – Reduced substances such as H2S are oxidized and the electrons eventually end up in the “quinone pool” of the photosynthetic membrane (Figure 13.17) ...
... autotrophically, the formation of ATP is not enough – Reducing power (NADH) is also necessary – Reduced substances such as H2S are oxidized and the electrons eventually end up in the “quinone pool” of the photosynthetic membrane (Figure 13.17) ...
supporting information
... The net energy of butyrate (in the form of ATP, molTP/ (L·h)) is (3* VHBu – 1/4*(VBu + DiffBu * (H+/(H+ + 10-pKa,HBu)) * VHBu * X /D)), in which 3 is ATP yield per butyrate from glucose; 1/4 is ATP consumed for proton motive force. Therefore, the ATP net of butyrate yield is shorten as f_Bu * vP. An ...
... The net energy of butyrate (in the form of ATP, molTP/ (L·h)) is (3* VHBu – 1/4*(VBu + DiffBu * (H+/(H+ + 10-pKa,HBu)) * VHBu * X /D)), in which 3 is ATP yield per butyrate from glucose; 1/4 is ATP consumed for proton motive force. Therefore, the ATP net of butyrate yield is shorten as f_Bu * vP. An ...
Growth final1 - TOP Recommended Websites
... Measuring bacterial mass (live + dead) in liquid culture ...
... Measuring bacterial mass (live + dead) in liquid culture ...
talk
... 1978 - Schwartz and Dayhoff – Protein and RNA or DNA sequencing suggests chloroplasts are reduced forms of cyanobacteria 1993 - Hallick et al., Reith and Munholland - Entire chloroplast sequences for Euglena And Porphyra; similarity in organization of genes in operons 2002 – Sato – Elucidation of ho ...
... 1978 - Schwartz and Dayhoff – Protein and RNA or DNA sequencing suggests chloroplasts are reduced forms of cyanobacteria 1993 - Hallick et al., Reith and Munholland - Entire chloroplast sequences for Euglena And Porphyra; similarity in organization of genes in operons 2002 – Sato – Elucidation of ho ...
Pass Back Graded Work!
... many different fruits and vegetables, but is especially concentrated in lemons and limes. Citric acid is used for many different reasons, including (but not limited to): Citric acid is used as a flavoring in many preparations of Vitamin C, and has a wide variety of other uses. In industry, citric ...
... many different fruits and vegetables, but is especially concentrated in lemons and limes. Citric acid is used for many different reasons, including (but not limited to): Citric acid is used as a flavoring in many preparations of Vitamin C, and has a wide variety of other uses. In industry, citric ...
Mitochondria and energy production
... Oxygen is an atypical molecule (Fig. 1). Although it is a diradical, its two unpaired electrons are located on different orbitals and have a parallel spin, making oxygen a relatively stable molecule [2]. Yet, oxygen is avid for electrons. Its incomplete reduction by one, two or three successive elec ...
... Oxygen is an atypical molecule (Fig. 1). Although it is a diradical, its two unpaired electrons are located on different orbitals and have a parallel spin, making oxygen a relatively stable molecule [2]. Yet, oxygen is avid for electrons. Its incomplete reduction by one, two or three successive elec ...
Chapter 8 Notes Bio AP
... An isolated system, approximated by liquid in a thermos, is unable to exchange either energy or matter with its surroundings. ...
... An isolated system, approximated by liquid in a thermos, is unable to exchange either energy or matter with its surroundings. ...
PPT File
... molecules called chlorophylls, present in the green leaves of plants and the cells of algae and photosynthetic bacteria • Light absorption by a chlorophyll molecule excites one of its electrons, which is then ejected from the molecule and enters an electron transport system © 2012 Pearson Education, ...
... molecules called chlorophylls, present in the green leaves of plants and the cells of algae and photosynthetic bacteria • Light absorption by a chlorophyll molecule excites one of its electrons, which is then ejected from the molecule and enters an electron transport system © 2012 Pearson Education, ...
Constraints on photosynthesis of C3 and C4 crop plants by
... some information on the phytotoxic properties of TCA. They inter alia pointed out that low concentrations of TCA caused accelerated growth. Frank et al. (1992) reported that the EC50 and EC10 values for bean-cell suspensions are 600 and 200µmol TCA l–1 respectively. Govindjee et al. (1997) conducted ...
... some information on the phytotoxic properties of TCA. They inter alia pointed out that low concentrations of TCA caused accelerated growth. Frank et al. (1992) reported that the EC50 and EC10 values for bean-cell suspensions are 600 and 200µmol TCA l–1 respectively. Govindjee et al. (1997) conducted ...