Evidence of a Specific Spinal Pathway for the Sense of Warmth in
... Iannetti, G.D., A. Truini, A. Romaniello, F. Galeotti, C. Rizzo, M. Manfredi, and G. Cruccu. Evidence of a specific spinal pathway for the sense of warmth in humans. J Neurophysiol 89: 562–570, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00393.2002. While research on human sensory processing shows that warm input is conveyed ...
... Iannetti, G.D., A. Truini, A. Romaniello, F. Galeotti, C. Rizzo, M. Manfredi, and G. Cruccu. Evidence of a specific spinal pathway for the sense of warmth in humans. J Neurophysiol 89: 562–570, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00393.2002. While research on human sensory processing shows that warm input is conveyed ...
How and Why Brains Create Meaning from Sensory Information
... wave packet is triggered is of particular interest. When an animal or human receives sensory information, it is carried not by any small number of axons from receptors but by a massive barrage of action potentials. A glimpse of a face, for example, includes all of the detectors for motions, contours ...
... wave packet is triggered is of particular interest. When an animal or human receives sensory information, it is carried not by any small number of axons from receptors but by a massive barrage of action potentials. A glimpse of a face, for example, includes all of the detectors for motions, contours ...
The Neuron - UPM EduTrain Interactive Learning
... • The bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses with another neuron; sends information to that neuron. ...
... • The bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses with another neuron; sends information to that neuron. ...
What is Psychology?
... their location and function. More than 200 types have been identified in mammals. Wade and Tavris © 2005 Prentice Hall ...
... their location and function. More than 200 types have been identified in mammals. Wade and Tavris © 2005 Prentice Hall ...
MR-guided parenchymal delivery of adeno-associated
... alone, which had no GFP signal in the cortex. Emborg and colleagues recently described how vector titer could affect vector distribution. In their experience, identical volumes with different vector concentration revealed a positive direct correlation between high titers and large distribution patte ...
... alone, which had no GFP signal in the cortex. Emborg and colleagues recently described how vector titer could affect vector distribution. In their experience, identical volumes with different vector concentration revealed a positive direct correlation between high titers and large distribution patte ...
Objectives 35 - U
... striatum; internal capsule grows between these structures leaving bridges of gray matter - putamen and globus pallidus have different connections, but are physically attached 2. General connections - basal ganglia have few projections downstream to brainstem and spinal cord - instead, they affect mo ...
... striatum; internal capsule grows between these structures leaving bridges of gray matter - putamen and globus pallidus have different connections, but are physically attached 2. General connections - basal ganglia have few projections downstream to brainstem and spinal cord - instead, they affect mo ...
A Candidate Pathway for a Visual Instructional Signal to the Barn
... the auditory map (Knudsen and Knudsen, 1985). Anatomical and physiological data indicate that, within the auditory pathway, the site of plasticity is the ICX (Feldman and Knudsen, 1997, 1998). Plastic changes include axonal outgrowth (DeBello et al., 1999), formation of new glutamatergic synapses (F ...
... the auditory map (Knudsen and Knudsen, 1985). Anatomical and physiological data indicate that, within the auditory pathway, the site of plasticity is the ICX (Feldman and Knudsen, 1997, 1998). Plastic changes include axonal outgrowth (DeBello et al., 1999), formation of new glutamatergic synapses (F ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... Center for Neuroscience, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2 BrainLinks-BrainTools, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ...
... Center for Neuroscience, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2 BrainLinks-BrainTools, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ...
Multiple dynamic representations in the motor cortex
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
Decision Making in Recurrent Neuronal Circuits
... accumulator (LCA) model, which mimics a neural network, takes into account a leakage of integration and assumes competitive inhibition between accumulators selective for choice alternatives (Usher and McClelland, 2001). This model is easily extended to decisions with multiple alternatives (Usher and ...
... accumulator (LCA) model, which mimics a neural network, takes into account a leakage of integration and assumes competitive inhibition between accumulators selective for choice alternatives (Usher and McClelland, 2001). This model is easily extended to decisions with multiple alternatives (Usher and ...
Synaptic pathways and inhibitory gates in the spinal cord dorsal horn
... We expect that genetic and/or neurochemical approaches to neuron identification will facilitate investigations of cell type-specific inhibitory control of dorsal horn neurons. This in turn would provide insight into sensory information processing within spinal cord dorsal horn. Interestingly, some l ...
... We expect that genetic and/or neurochemical approaches to neuron identification will facilitate investigations of cell type-specific inhibitory control of dorsal horn neurons. This in turn would provide insight into sensory information processing within spinal cord dorsal horn. Interestingly, some l ...
CHAPTER 3 Neuroscience and Behavior
... When a message arrives at a neuron, its cell membrane opens briefly to allow positively charged ions to rush in at rates as high as 100 million ions per second. The sudden arrival of these positive ions causes the charge within the nearby part of the cell to change momentarily from negative to posit ...
... When a message arrives at a neuron, its cell membrane opens briefly to allow positively charged ions to rush in at rates as high as 100 million ions per second. The sudden arrival of these positive ions causes the charge within the nearby part of the cell to change momentarily from negative to posit ...
TABLE OF CONTENTS
... membrane potential is -70 millivolts (mV). This may vary from one neuron to another. 4. Forces Acting on Sodium and Potassium Ions: a. The neuron membrane has selective permeability, which allows some molecules to pass freely (e.g., water, carbon dioxide, oxygen) while restricting others. Most large ...
... membrane potential is -70 millivolts (mV). This may vary from one neuron to another. 4. Forces Acting on Sodium and Potassium Ions: a. The neuron membrane has selective permeability, which allows some molecules to pass freely (e.g., water, carbon dioxide, oxygen) while restricting others. Most large ...
The subiculum comes of age
... loose zone that contrasts markedly with both the densely packed hippocampal principal cell layers of the rodent and the multi-layered EC (Fig. 1A). The molecular and the polymorphic layers of the subiculum are contiguous with the stratum lacunosummoleculare and the stratum radiatum of CA1, respectiv ...
... loose zone that contrasts markedly with both the densely packed hippocampal principal cell layers of the rodent and the multi-layered EC (Fig. 1A). The molecular and the polymorphic layers of the subiculum are contiguous with the stratum lacunosummoleculare and the stratum radiatum of CA1, respectiv ...
An Integrate-and-fire Model of Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Activity during Performance of Goal-directed
... Jensen et al., 1996; Koene et al., 2003). We propose that the retrieval of goal-directed behavior depends on the spread of activity through strengthened connections from a minicolumn that represents the reward state and from the specific state minicolumn activated by current input. Consistent with th ...
... Jensen et al., 1996; Koene et al., 2003). We propose that the retrieval of goal-directed behavior depends on the spread of activity through strengthened connections from a minicolumn that represents the reward state and from the specific state minicolumn activated by current input. Consistent with th ...
Pyramidal neurons: dendritic structure and synaptic integration
... neurons, their functional significance is not clearly understood. They might increase the dendritic surface area in order to optimize the packing of a large number of synapses onto a given length of dendrite186–188. Alternatively, they might serve as biochemical compartments that restrict the diffus ...
... neurons, their functional significance is not clearly understood. They might increase the dendritic surface area in order to optimize the packing of a large number of synapses onto a given length of dendrite186–188. Alternatively, they might serve as biochemical compartments that restrict the diffus ...
NMDA Receptors Contribute to Primary Visceral Afferent
... non-NMDA receptors transmit primary sensory afferent signals to second-order neurons in the NTS, then the secondorder neurons most likely serve to simply relay information from visceral sensory endings to higher-order neurons, as has been classically described (Spyer 1981). If, on the other hand, NM ...
... non-NMDA receptors transmit primary sensory afferent signals to second-order neurons in the NTS, then the secondorder neurons most likely serve to simply relay information from visceral sensory endings to higher-order neurons, as has been classically described (Spyer 1981). If, on the other hand, NM ...
DOWN - Ubiquitous Computing Lab
... INT Winner; /* - last winner in Kohonen layer */ REAL Alpha; /* - learning rate for Kohonen layer */ REAL Alpha_; /* - learning rate for output layer */ REAL Alpha__; /* - learning rate for step sizes */ ...
... INT Winner; /* - last winner in Kohonen layer */ REAL Alpha; /* - learning rate for Kohonen layer */ REAL Alpha_; /* - learning rate for output layer */ REAL Alpha__; /* - learning rate for step sizes */ ...
Slide 1
... May be that attentional mechanisms can modulate the responses of MT neurons more effectively with reference to a combination of direction and space (Treue and Maunsell) than to space alone (this study) • Feature-based attentional mechanisms (direction of motion as feature) may contribute to the a ...
... May be that attentional mechanisms can modulate the responses of MT neurons more effectively with reference to a combination of direction and space (Treue and Maunsell) than to space alone (this study) • Feature-based attentional mechanisms (direction of motion as feature) may contribute to the a ...
CASE 47
... The basal ganglia, located near the thalamus in the diencephalon, are composed of five pairs of nuclei: the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra. The basal ganglia receive synaptic input from motor cortex (as well as from sensory association and prefro ...
... The basal ganglia, located near the thalamus in the diencephalon, are composed of five pairs of nuclei: the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra. The basal ganglia receive synaptic input from motor cortex (as well as from sensory association and prefro ...
Introduction to Psychology
... c) Describe the effects of MDMA on the brain and on behavior. d) Describe the effects of nicotine on the brain. e) Identify three types of opiates and describe their effects on behavior. f) Summarize the findings of Pert & Snyder. g) Discuss the medical uses and psychological effects of marijuana. h ...
... c) Describe the effects of MDMA on the brain and on behavior. d) Describe the effects of nicotine on the brain. e) Identify three types of opiates and describe their effects on behavior. f) Summarize the findings of Pert & Snyder. g) Discuss the medical uses and psychological effects of marijuana. h ...
NETMORPH: A Framework for the Stochastic
... tree and of competition for resources between different growth cones of a dendrite or an axon. The model for 3D neuronal morphogenesis is based on the dendritic growth model of Van Pelt et al., (Van Pelt et al. 2001a; Van Pelt and Uylings 2002, 2003, 2005) and extended with rules for the direction o ...
... tree and of competition for resources between different growth cones of a dendrite or an axon. The model for 3D neuronal morphogenesis is based on the dendritic growth model of Van Pelt et al., (Van Pelt et al. 2001a; Van Pelt and Uylings 2002, 2003, 2005) and extended with rules for the direction o ...
Objectives
... d) Discuss the effects of enriched environments on neural development. e) Identify the brain area that is activated uniquely in the brains of blind people when they read Braille. f) Compare the brains of musicians and non-musicians. ...
... d) Discuss the effects of enriched environments on neural development. e) Identify the brain area that is activated uniquely in the brains of blind people when they read Braille. f) Compare the brains of musicians and non-musicians. ...
Preview Sample 1
... developed into a slightly more sophisticated machine resembling a switchboard; the new technology of the telephone provided a new metaphor. Inputs, patch cords, outputs, and busy signals (though no “call waiting”) dominated explanations of brain activity. This metaphor, however, faltered by viewing ...
... developed into a slightly more sophisticated machine resembling a switchboard; the new technology of the telephone provided a new metaphor. Inputs, patch cords, outputs, and busy signals (though no “call waiting”) dominated explanations of brain activity. This metaphor, however, faltered by viewing ...
(Full text - MSWord file 171K)
... and frontal cortex, generate signals that command various actions or represent plans that organize other systems to generate actual command signals. They note, however, that from a sensory perspective, the signals generated by the matrix modules may signal the occurrence of salient contexts (see als ...
... and frontal cortex, generate signals that command various actions or represent plans that organize other systems to generate actual command signals. They note, however, that from a sensory perspective, the signals generated by the matrix modules may signal the occurrence of salient contexts (see als ...