Dopamine and adaptive memory - Shohamy Lab
... review see [6]). This research demonstrated that the hippocampus supports a specialized system for creating episodic memories of everyday events, and that this episodic system is distinct and dissociable from brain systems responsible for other kinds of memory (e.g. emotional memory, habit learning, ...
... review see [6]). This research demonstrated that the hippocampus supports a specialized system for creating episodic memories of everyday events, and that this episodic system is distinct and dissociable from brain systems responsible for other kinds of memory (e.g. emotional memory, habit learning, ...
Inhibition of central neurons is reduced following acoustic trauma
... is steeper with outer hair cell damage (Ruggero et al., 1997), it has been suggested that recruitment results from a steepened growth of discharge rate with sound level in auditory nerve fibers (Harrison, 1981; Moore, 1995). However, such a change has not been observed following acoustic trauma (Hei ...
... is steeper with outer hair cell damage (Ruggero et al., 1997), it has been suggested that recruitment results from a steepened growth of discharge rate with sound level in auditory nerve fibers (Harrison, 1981; Moore, 1995). However, such a change has not been observed following acoustic trauma (Hei ...
Behavioral consequences of abnormal cortical development
... animal models of disrupted stages of cortical development and we compare long-term anatomical, neurochemical, and behavior abnormalities in these models. The behavioral abnormalities in these models range from alterations in simple motor behaviors to food hoarding and maternal behaviors as well as c ...
... animal models of disrupted stages of cortical development and we compare long-term anatomical, neurochemical, and behavior abnormalities in these models. The behavioral abnormalities in these models range from alterations in simple motor behaviors to food hoarding and maternal behaviors as well as c ...
Chapter 11 PowerPoint Slides PDF - CM
... Cytoskeleton – contains microtubules; provide structural support ...
... Cytoskeleton – contains microtubules; provide structural support ...
PDF
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
Depolarization stimulates lamellipodia formation and
... Electric activity is known to have profound effects on growth cone morphology and neurite outgrowth, but the nature of the response varies strongly between neurons derived from different species or brain areas. To establish the role of electric activity in neurite outgrowth and neuronal morphogenesi ...
... Electric activity is known to have profound effects on growth cone morphology and neurite outgrowth, but the nature of the response varies strongly between neurons derived from different species or brain areas. To establish the role of electric activity in neurite outgrowth and neuronal morphogenesi ...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the development of epilepsy
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
Thalamocortical inputs trigger a propagating envelope of gamma
... and successfully exploited to study thalamocortical synapses in the somatosensory system (Agmon and Connors 1991; Gil and Amitai 1996) and long-range intracortical pathways in visual and motor cortex (Hirsch and Gilbert 1991; Hess et al. 1994). However, in vitro preparations have rarely been used to ...
... and successfully exploited to study thalamocortical synapses in the somatosensory system (Agmon and Connors 1991; Gil and Amitai 1996) and long-range intracortical pathways in visual and motor cortex (Hirsch and Gilbert 1991; Hess et al. 1994). However, in vitro preparations have rarely been used to ...
DNA Microarrays in Brain Research
... Degree: BS, PhD program at Anthropology Institution: Psychiatry and Anthropology, U of Pittsburgh Research Project: Gene expression changes in response to antipsychotic medication Current Position: Faculty at U of Michigan Role in training: Major advisor for gene expression work Name: Christos Colov ...
... Degree: BS, PhD program at Anthropology Institution: Psychiatry and Anthropology, U of Pittsburgh Research Project: Gene expression changes in response to antipsychotic medication Current Position: Faculty at U of Michigan Role in training: Major advisor for gene expression work Name: Christos Colov ...
Tolerance to Sound Intensity of Binaural
... as that of impulses from the two sides. We hypothesize that inhibitory input whose strength increases with sound intensity protects nucleus laminaris neurons from losing their sensitivity to interaural time difference with intense sounds. ...
... as that of impulses from the two sides. We hypothesize that inhibitory input whose strength increases with sound intensity protects nucleus laminaris neurons from losing their sensitivity to interaural time difference with intense sounds. ...
Electrical Stimulation of the Horizontal Limb of the Diagonal Band
... neuronal circuits could influence processing of olfactory stimuli (Hasselmo 1993; Linster and Gervais 1996; Linster and Hasselmo 1997a). The implementation of cholinergic effects in the piriform cortex in these models has been based primarily on experimental data from brain slice preparations. These ...
... neuronal circuits could influence processing of olfactory stimuli (Hasselmo 1993; Linster and Gervais 1996; Linster and Hasselmo 1997a). The implementation of cholinergic effects in the piriform cortex in these models has been based primarily on experimental data from brain slice preparations. These ...
TESIS DOCTORAL Regulación de la plasticidad y de la capacidad
... memory, obesity associated to hyperphagia and increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons. In the long term, we also observed slow and progressive excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Overall, our results indicate that interfering with microRNA biogenesis causes an increase in neuronal responsiveness ...
... memory, obesity associated to hyperphagia and increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons. In the long term, we also observed slow and progressive excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Overall, our results indicate that interfering with microRNA biogenesis causes an increase in neuronal responsiveness ...
Differential Temporal Storage Capacity in the Baseline Activity of
... allowed us to examine temporal storage capacity under conditions when visual sensory stimuli and eye movements were at a minimum. Unless otherwise indicated, only data from successful trials were analyzed in this study. To ensure that there were sufficient spike data for the analysis of baseline act ...
... allowed us to examine temporal storage capacity under conditions when visual sensory stimuli and eye movements were at a minimum. Unless otherwise indicated, only data from successful trials were analyzed in this study. To ensure that there were sufficient spike data for the analysis of baseline act ...
Midbrain fMRI: Applications, Limitations and Challenges
... Although the LC is a comparatively smaller structure than the SN/VTA, the regional specificity of its innervations is likely less than dopamine neurons. That said, norad renergic input to certain brain regions can be surprisingly selective in primates: in the visual cortex for instance, there is ...
... Although the LC is a comparatively smaller structure than the SN/VTA, the regional specificity of its innervations is likely less than dopamine neurons. That said, norad renergic input to certain brain regions can be surprisingly selective in primates: in the visual cortex for instance, there is ...
Early Appearance of Inhibitory Input to the MNTB Supports Binaural
... immaturities that limit auditory processing in juvenile animals, they are able to lateralize sounds using binaural cues. This study explores a central mechanism that may compensate for these limitations during development. Interaural time and level difference processing by neurons in the superior ol ...
... immaturities that limit auditory processing in juvenile animals, they are able to lateralize sounds using binaural cues. This study explores a central mechanism that may compensate for these limitations during development. Interaural time and level difference processing by neurons in the superior ol ...
My First PowerPoint Presentation
... • TAAR1 can form a heterodimer with D2R and this interaction may be important for downstream signaling and behavior both at the level of presynaptic autoreceptors and postsynaptic receptors • TAAR1 modulates glutamate NMDA receptor function in the prefrontal cortex and related ...
... • TAAR1 can form a heterodimer with D2R and this interaction may be important for downstream signaling and behavior both at the level of presynaptic autoreceptors and postsynaptic receptors • TAAR1 modulates glutamate NMDA receptor function in the prefrontal cortex and related ...
HCN channels are a novel therapeutic target for cognitive
... We generated a novel Nf1 mouse model (the homozygous Nf19a–/9a– mutant), in which the neuron-specific NF1 exon 9acontaining isoform is deleted. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR confirmed the total absence of Nf1 exon 9a-containing mRNA in Nf19a–/9a– mice (Figure 1a and Supplementary Figure 1). C ...
... We generated a novel Nf1 mouse model (the homozygous Nf19a–/9a– mutant), in which the neuron-specific NF1 exon 9acontaining isoform is deleted. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR confirmed the total absence of Nf1 exon 9a-containing mRNA in Nf19a–/9a– mice (Figure 1a and Supplementary Figure 1). C ...
PDF
... whereas the other 50% display str-2 expression on the left. The AWCON cell expresses the STR-2 candidate odorant receptor and senses butanone (bu), benzaldehyde (bz) and isoamyl alcohol (iaa). The AWCOFF cell expresses the SRSX-3 candidate odorant receptor and senses pentanedione (pd), bz and iaa (B ...
... whereas the other 50% display str-2 expression on the left. The AWCON cell expresses the STR-2 candidate odorant receptor and senses butanone (bu), benzaldehyde (bz) and isoamyl alcohol (iaa). The AWCOFF cell expresses the SRSX-3 candidate odorant receptor and senses pentanedione (pd), bz and iaa (B ...
Rapid eye movement sleep promotes cortical
... In summary, we find that REM sleep plays an important role in enhancing experience-dependent plasticity in the developing cerebral cortex of cats. These findings support a long-standing hypothesis that REM sleep in early life promotes circuit formation (2). Our findings suggest that REM sleep achiev ...
... In summary, we find that REM sleep plays an important role in enhancing experience-dependent plasticity in the developing cerebral cortex of cats. These findings support a long-standing hypothesis that REM sleep in early life promotes circuit formation (2). Our findings suggest that REM sleep achiev ...
Neuron Production, Neuron Number, and Structure Size Are
... To estimate the number of new neurons in the hippocampus and in the four control regions of the brain, we examined all sections labeled for BrdU (mean of 7.5 sections per bird) and counted all new neurons appearing in that brain region according to the morphological criterion of Gould et al. (1999; ...
... To estimate the number of new neurons in the hippocampus and in the four control regions of the brain, we examined all sections labeled for BrdU (mean of 7.5 sections per bird) and counted all new neurons appearing in that brain region according to the morphological criterion of Gould et al. (1999; ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
... hooked together in ever larger configurations and still function, with ever increasing subtlety, to both analyze sensory input and organize motor actions. Even in producing the most remarkable achievement of the brain - language - the areas of the brain involved have used the identical structure. Th ...
... hooked together in ever larger configurations and still function, with ever increasing subtlety, to both analyze sensory input and organize motor actions. Even in producing the most remarkable achievement of the brain - language - the areas of the brain involved have used the identical structure. Th ...
A Physiologically Plausible Model of Action Selection
... Each BG component of the functional anatomy in Figure 1 defines a neuron population in the model (five populations in all). For all simulations reported in this paper, we used N ⫽ 3 channels, each with n ⫽ 64 neurons per channel, making a total of 192 neurons per population. We denote these populati ...
... Each BG component of the functional anatomy in Figure 1 defines a neuron population in the model (five populations in all). For all simulations reported in this paper, we used N ⫽ 3 channels, each with n ⫽ 64 neurons per channel, making a total of 192 neurons per population. We denote these populati ...
Human brainstem preganglionic parasympathetic
... ~10 mm rostral to the obex, the ventral cell group was no longer present, whereas the dorsal group was still quite well developed, now situated medial to the nucleus tractus solitarius (Fig. 2F and G). At the level 9 mm rostral to the obex, only a few large NOS-positive neurons were found medial to ...
... ~10 mm rostral to the obex, the ventral cell group was no longer present, whereas the dorsal group was still quite well developed, now situated medial to the nucleus tractus solitarius (Fig. 2F and G). At the level 9 mm rostral to the obex, only a few large NOS-positive neurons were found medial to ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... Fig. 3. (A) Anatomical connectivity of the hippocampal formation. Connections between the hippocampus and multimodal association cortices pass through the entorhinal cortex. (1) Fibers of the perforant path connect entorhinal cortex layers II and III with the dentate gyrus. (2) The dentate gyrus pro ...
... Fig. 3. (A) Anatomical connectivity of the hippocampal formation. Connections between the hippocampus and multimodal association cortices pass through the entorhinal cortex. (1) Fibers of the perforant path connect entorhinal cortex layers II and III with the dentate gyrus. (2) The dentate gyrus pro ...
PDF
... the number of bipolar cells in the IZ (LoTurco and Bai, 2006), highlighting the distinct requirements for efficient morphological transformations during radial migration. These changes in morphology are thought to facilitate the initial axonal protrusion of these neurons (Noctor et al., 2004b; Tabat ...
... the number of bipolar cells in the IZ (LoTurco and Bai, 2006), highlighting the distinct requirements for efficient morphological transformations during radial migration. These changes in morphology are thought to facilitate the initial axonal protrusion of these neurons (Noctor et al., 2004b; Tabat ...