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DNA Test Study Guide
DNA Test Study Guide

... ___________ and one from the ___________. Body cells we also call ________________Because our body cells’ chromosomes are found in pairs, we call them ___________. When arranged on a karyotype, you can see that there are two types of chromosomes, ____________ and ________________. In order for a hum ...
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... 7. Label the structures below: include Nucleotide, phosphate, nitrogen base, deoxyribose, double helix, sugar-phosphate backbone, complimentary bases, purine, and pyrimidine, adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. ...
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Cytosine – ______ Sugar

... Note: The oval circles are still part of the sugar, but are drawn in to represent where the base is attached. ...
Lecture 19 Evolution of Senescence
Lecture 19 Evolution of Senescence

...  Telomeres are regions of highly repetitive DNA at the ends of chromosomes.  They prevent the ends of chromosomes from joining together during replication.  DNA polymerases are unable to fully replicate Telomeres. ...
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Unit D : DNA -Functions of DNA - Mr. Lesiuk

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NIH Press Release - The Progeria Research Foundation
NIH Press Release - The Progeria Research Foundation

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Exam 1 Study Guide – General Concepts
Exam 1 Study Guide – General Concepts

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Telomere



A telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromatid, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes. Its name is derived from the Greek nouns telos (τέλος) 'end' and merοs (μέρος, root: μερ-) 'part.' For vertebrates, the sequence of nucleotides in telomeres is TTAGGG. This sequence of TTAGGG is repeated approximately 2,500 times in humans. During chromosome replication, the enzymes that duplicate DNA cannot continue their duplication all the way to the end of a chromosome, so in each duplication the end of the chromosome is shortened (this is because the synthesis of Okazaki fragments requires RNA primers attaching ahead on the lagging strand). The telomeres are disposable buffers at the ends of chromosomes which are truncated during cell division; their presence protects the genes before them on the chromosome from being truncated instead.Over time, due to each cell division, the telomere ends become shorter. They are replenished by an enzyme, telomerase reverse transcriptase.
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