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... The region is undergoing extension at the rate of 0.5cm/y. At Afar Lowlands the rift has a very thin crust (8km): the rifting of the crust is nearly complete and basalt volcanoes are abundant. The Red Sea Rift is 3000 km long and 100 - 300 km wide. The floor is made of thin continental crust - thinn ...
... The region is undergoing extension at the rate of 0.5cm/y. At Afar Lowlands the rift has a very thin crust (8km): the rifting of the crust is nearly complete and basalt volcanoes are abundant. The Red Sea Rift is 3000 km long and 100 - 300 km wide. The floor is made of thin continental crust - thinn ...
Marine Life zones and biotic and abiotic factors chart information
... Neritic Zone – Coral Reefs Warm, shallow, sunlit areas where tiny animals called corals live in large groups *over time, skeletons of dead corals build up and form a reef *coral reefs are a thriving ecosystem of corals, algae, sea stars, sea anemones, sponges, plankton, dolphins and brightly colore ...
... Neritic Zone – Coral Reefs Warm, shallow, sunlit areas where tiny animals called corals live in large groups *over time, skeletons of dead corals build up and form a reef *coral reefs are a thriving ecosystem of corals, algae, sea stars, sea anemones, sponges, plankton, dolphins and brightly colore ...
Powerpoint Presentation Physical Geology, 10/e
... slope, and continental rise descending to the abyssal plain • Active continental margins have continental shelves and slopes, but the slope extends down into a deep oceanic trench • A mid-oceanic ridge system encircles the globe, typically running down the center of oceans • Numerous conical seamoun ...
... slope, and continental rise descending to the abyssal plain • Active continental margins have continental shelves and slopes, but the slope extends down into a deep oceanic trench • A mid-oceanic ridge system encircles the globe, typically running down the center of oceans • Numerous conical seamoun ...
1 Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents: Canada`s First MPA Glossary of
... 1. abyssal zone - The deep ocean is the abyssal zone. The water in this region is very cold (around 3° C), highly pressured, high in oxygen content, but low in nutritional content. The abyssal zone supports many species of invertebrates and fishes. Mid-ocean ridges (spreading zones between tectonic ...
... 1. abyssal zone - The deep ocean is the abyssal zone. The water in this region is very cold (around 3° C), highly pressured, high in oxygen content, but low in nutritional content. The abyssal zone supports many species of invertebrates and fishes. Mid-ocean ridges (spreading zones between tectonic ...
MB Chapter 02
... Plate Boundaries and Geologic Processes • The lithosphere is fragmented into fourteen major tectonic plates • Plates are moving across the Earth's surface in different directions and at different velocities. • Many geologic processes, such as plutonism, volcanism, and earthquakes result from the in ...
... Plate Boundaries and Geologic Processes • The lithosphere is fragmented into fourteen major tectonic plates • Plates are moving across the Earth's surface in different directions and at different velocities. • Many geologic processes, such as plutonism, volcanism, and earthquakes result from the in ...
Glossary
... chemosynthesis: the production of organic material by energy from chemical reactions rather than light. Typically involves sulfide or methane oxidation in deep-sea ecosystems. The oxidation processes provide vent bacteria with the energy needed to produce organic matter. chimney: a geological format ...
... chemosynthesis: the production of organic material by energy from chemical reactions rather than light. Typically involves sulfide or methane oxidation in deep-sea ecosystems. The oxidation processes provide vent bacteria with the energy needed to produce organic matter. chimney: a geological format ...
Plate Tectonics
... pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle ...
... pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle ...
Guided Notes on Seafloor Spreading
... mid-ocean ridges were discovered in places such as the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-sea trenches that are thousands of kilometers long and up to 11 km. deep were found in the Pacific Ocean. ...
... mid-ocean ridges were discovered in places such as the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-sea trenches that are thousands of kilometers long and up to 11 km. deep were found in the Pacific Ocean. ...
plate tectonics post-test
... Which is most dense? Which has the greatest mass (most space)? Which is least dense? 3. 5 mechanical/physical layers: Lost Ants March On Ice Which is the strong, lower layer of the mantle? Which is rigid? Which is rock that slowly flows (stretchy)? Which is solid iron and nickel? Whi ...
... Which is most dense? Which has the greatest mass (most space)? Which is least dense? 3. 5 mechanical/physical layers: Lost Ants March On Ice Which is the strong, lower layer of the mantle? Which is rigid? Which is rock that slowly flows (stretchy)? Which is solid iron and nickel? Whi ...
Chap7Sect3 review
... 2. What ocean features does it create? 3. What continental crust features are created by tectonic boundaries? 4. Brainpop Plate Tectonics ...
... 2. What ocean features does it create? 3. What continental crust features are created by tectonic boundaries? 4. Brainpop Plate Tectonics ...
Ocean Zones
... Crabs, sponges, worms and sea cucumbers, Many animals live around hot water vents called hydrothermal vents or black smokers. Animals have to adapt to extreme pressure. ...
... Crabs, sponges, worms and sea cucumbers, Many animals live around hot water vents called hydrothermal vents or black smokers. Animals have to adapt to extreme pressure. ...
10 Things to Know About Plate Tectonics
... 2. Movement occurs because of convection currents in the asthenosphere, which move the lithosphere on top. Mantle heats up as it approaches the core, so it rises to the top, where it cools and cycles back down toward the core, and so on and so forth. 3. Divergent plate boundaries – two plates moving ...
... 2. Movement occurs because of convection currents in the asthenosphere, which move the lithosphere on top. Mantle heats up as it approaches the core, so it rises to the top, where it cools and cycles back down toward the core, and so on and so forth. 3. Divergent plate boundaries – two plates moving ...
Unit 1 - davis.k12.ut.us
... The two most abundant types of marine sediment are which comes from rocks, and ...
... The two most abundant types of marine sediment are which comes from rocks, and ...
Answers to STUDY BREAK Questions Essentials 5th Chapter 4
... 12. Where would you look for a continental rise? What forms continental rises? Along passive margins, the oceanic crust at the base of the continental slope is covered by an apron of accumulated sediment called the continental rise. Sediments from the shelf slowly descend to the ocean floor along th ...
... 12. Where would you look for a continental rise? What forms continental rises? Along passive margins, the oceanic crust at the base of the continental slope is covered by an apron of accumulated sediment called the continental rise. Sediments from the shelf slowly descend to the ocean floor along th ...
this is where we live
... Which part of the oceanic lithosphere is covered by mud and the remains of tiny organisms? ...
... Which part of the oceanic lithosphere is covered by mud and the remains of tiny organisms? ...
Geology :: 7. Plate interiors
... The abyssal plains are found at depths between 3,000 and 6,000 meters. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains a ...
... The abyssal plains are found at depths between 3,000 and 6,000 meters. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains a ...
Marine Zones The life in a marine ecosystem depends on water
... sharply. This zone contains the deep water of the open ocean. Plankton can be found near the water surface. Animals, such as fishes, whales, and sharks, are found in the oceanic zone. Some animals in this zone live in very deep water. These animals often get food from material that sinks down from t ...
... sharply. This zone contains the deep water of the open ocean. Plankton can be found near the water surface. Animals, such as fishes, whales, and sharks, are found in the oceanic zone. Some animals in this zone live in very deep water. These animals often get food from material that sinks down from t ...
108-SeaFloor Spreading
... • No Way, It has to go somewhere, and usually it dives under a continent! • Oceanic Crust is Denser than Continental Crust – so it sinks under the continent. • This process is called Subduction and makes the Deep Ocean Trenches ...
... • No Way, It has to go somewhere, and usually it dives under a continent! • Oceanic Crust is Denser than Continental Crust – so it sinks under the continent. • This process is called Subduction and makes the Deep Ocean Trenches ...
Unit 11 Oceans Concepts of Earth Science Key Concepts and
... 2. Describe the two theories for how Earth’s oceans developed. 3. List the common dissolved gases that are found in the ocean according to abundance. List the common solids that are found in the ocean according to abundance. How does temperature impact the amount of dissolved gasses and salinity? 4. ...
... 2. Describe the two theories for how Earth’s oceans developed. 3. List the common dissolved gases that are found in the ocean according to abundance. List the common solids that are found in the ocean according to abundance. How does temperature impact the amount of dissolved gasses and salinity? 4. ...
FCIM Assesment sc912e61
... A region where subduction is occurring A region where a deep-sea trench is forming A boundary between oceanic and continental crust ...
... A region where subduction is occurring A region where a deep-sea trench is forming A boundary between oceanic and continental crust ...
The Diversity of Ocean Life
... The neritic zone is often shallow enough to put all of it in the photic zone, and is so rich with life that it supports 90% of the world’s commercial fisheries Oceanic Zone – area beyond the continental shelf Surface waters in the oceanic zone tend to not have many nutrients as they sink down to the ...
... The neritic zone is often shallow enough to put all of it in the photic zone, and is so rich with life that it supports 90% of the world’s commercial fisheries Oceanic Zone – area beyond the continental shelf Surface waters in the oceanic zone tend to not have many nutrients as they sink down to the ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.