A Stable Serine Protease, Wrightin, from the Latex of the Plant
... ubiquitously found in all organisms from microbes to higher organisms; they act as catalysts and perform diverse vital functions. In plants, proteases are involved in all aspects of the life cycle ranging from the mobilization of storage proteins during seed germination to the initiation of cell dea ...
... ubiquitously found in all organisms from microbes to higher organisms; they act as catalysts and perform diverse vital functions. In plants, proteases are involved in all aspects of the life cycle ranging from the mobilization of storage proteins during seed germination to the initiation of cell dea ...
TD12 Characterization of DnaJ substrate specificity Reference
... *Note- DnaK and DnaJ are both PROTEINS. Question: What is the role of DnaJ? Observations: -DnaJ itself can bind unfolded proteins -This binding can prevent protein aggregation-＞in this sense, DnaJ is a chaperone on its own. -But, DnaJ requires DnaK to refold misfolded proteins -Domain structure (Dna ...
... *Note- DnaK and DnaJ are both PROTEINS. Question: What is the role of DnaJ? Observations: -DnaJ itself can bind unfolded proteins -This binding can prevent protein aggregation-＞in this sense, DnaJ is a chaperone on its own. -But, DnaJ requires DnaK to refold misfolded proteins -Domain structure (Dna ...
Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its
... D20 is a B cell molecule capable of transducing cell cycle progression signals in resting B cells upon Ab ligation (1–5). Recently, we demonstrated that Ab binding to the CD20 extracellular domain causes rapid redistribution of a large majority of CD20 molecules to a low density, detergentinsoluble ...
... D20 is a B cell molecule capable of transducing cell cycle progression signals in resting B cells upon Ab ligation (1–5). Recently, we demonstrated that Ab binding to the CD20 extracellular domain causes rapid redistribution of a large majority of CD20 molecules to a low density, detergentinsoluble ...
SPECIFIC PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CELLULAR
... follicles are added in front (King and Aggarwal, 1965) . In Hyalophora cecropia, the developmental age difference between adjacent follicles has been estimated as 4-5 hr (Telfer and Rutberg, 1960) . Thus, temporal differentiation is represented in a spatial dimension . At an early stage of vitelloge ...
... follicles are added in front (King and Aggarwal, 1965) . In Hyalophora cecropia, the developmental age difference between adjacent follicles has been estimated as 4-5 hr (Telfer and Rutberg, 1960) . Thus, temporal differentiation is represented in a spatial dimension . At an early stage of vitelloge ...
Formation of Helical Hairpins during Membrane Protein Integration
... the uniformly hydrophobic segments was maximal for three added lysine residues, we compared helical hairpin formation in the absence and presence of three C-terminally ¯anking Lys residues for an additional series of constructs with the general composition K4L21XL7VL10K3P (where X is any of the 20 n ...
... the uniformly hydrophobic segments was maximal for three added lysine residues, we compared helical hairpin formation in the absence and presence of three C-terminally ¯anking Lys residues for an additional series of constructs with the general composition K4L21XL7VL10K3P (where X is any of the 20 n ...
Effects of Macromolecular Crowding on Protein Folding
... Protein folding is the process whereby an extended and unstructured polypeptide is converted into a compact folded structure that typically constitutes its functional form. The process has been characterized extensively in-vitro in dilute buffer solutions over the last few decades. However, invivo, ...
... Protein folding is the process whereby an extended and unstructured polypeptide is converted into a compact folded structure that typically constitutes its functional form. The process has been characterized extensively in-vitro in dilute buffer solutions over the last few decades. However, invivo, ...
Dominant-Negative Receptor Uncovers
... putative -subunit of the heterotrimeric G-proteins, which are known to transduce signals via seven transmembrane G-protein–coupled receptors in animals (Lease et al., 2001b). It remains to be determined how heterotrimeric G-proteins interact with the ERECTA LRR-RLK signaling pathway. We sought to d ...
... putative -subunit of the heterotrimeric G-proteins, which are known to transduce signals via seven transmembrane G-protein–coupled receptors in animals (Lease et al., 2001b). It remains to be determined how heterotrimeric G-proteins interact with the ERECTA LRR-RLK signaling pathway. We sought to d ...
Structural and Biochemical Characterization of a Bifunctional
... ABSTRACT: Unusual N-acetylated sugars have been observed on the O-antigens of some Gram-negative bacteria and on the S-layers of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. One such sugar is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose or Fuc3NAc. The pathway for its production requires five enzymes with ...
... ABSTRACT: Unusual N-acetylated sugars have been observed on the O-antigens of some Gram-negative bacteria and on the S-layers of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. One such sugar is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose or Fuc3NAc. The pathway for its production requires five enzymes with ...
A new type of plant chitinase containing LysM domains from a fern
... of PrChi-A and LysM-containing proteins was performed using the ClustalX program (Thompson et al. 1997) and the result is shown in Figure 4A. Two LysM domains in PrChi-A share high-sequence homology to each other. The LysM domains have the moderate level of homology to LysM domain proteins from fung ...
... of PrChi-A and LysM-containing proteins was performed using the ClustalX program (Thompson et al. 1997) and the result is shown in Figure 4A. Two LysM domains in PrChi-A share high-sequence homology to each other. The LysM domains have the moderate level of homology to LysM domain proteins from fung ...
Molecular Characterisation of the 76 kDa Iron
... N-terminal extension of about 30 amino acid residues. The 12 Cys and 2 His residues potentially liganding ironsulphur clusters are conserved in the potato sequence. The postulated sequence motifs for a tetranuclear (CXXCXXCX n CP) and a binuclear (CXXCXnCXXC) iron-sulphur cluster (Walker 1992) are p ...
... N-terminal extension of about 30 amino acid residues. The 12 Cys and 2 His residues potentially liganding ironsulphur clusters are conserved in the potato sequence. The postulated sequence motifs for a tetranuclear (CXXCXXCX n CP) and a binuclear (CXXCXnCXXC) iron-sulphur cluster (Walker 1992) are p ...
The PRT protein family Sangita C Sinha* and Janet L Smith
... between layers of α helices, α1 and α2 on one face of the β sheet and α3 on the other face (Figure 1). The core fold is expanded by between two and five additional secondary structures, which vary among PRT family members. At the C-terminal edge of the core β sheet, a second domain or subdomain, kno ...
... between layers of α helices, α1 and α2 on one face of the β sheet and α3 on the other face (Figure 1). The core fold is expanded by between two and five additional secondary structures, which vary among PRT family members. At the C-terminal edge of the core β sheet, a second domain or subdomain, kno ...
A PEST-like Sequence in the N-Terminal Cytoplasmic Domain of
... to maltose-fermenting cells causes selective delivery of this integral plasma membrane protein to the yeast vacuole via endocytosis for degradation by resident proteases. This glucose-induced degradation is independent of the proteasome but requires ubiquitin and certain ubiquitin conjugating enzyme ...
... to maltose-fermenting cells causes selective delivery of this integral plasma membrane protein to the yeast vacuole via endocytosis for degradation by resident proteases. This glucose-induced degradation is independent of the proteasome but requires ubiquitin and certain ubiquitin conjugating enzyme ...
Ligand Binding and Allosteric Regulation
... – R state ("oxy" conformation, high O2 binding affinity) stabilized by O2 binding (O2 is a homotropic effector) – T state ("deoxy" conformation, low O2 binding affinity) stabilized by binding of protons (H+), CO2, and/or 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3BPG) (all heterotropic effectors, allosteric inhibi ...
... – R state ("oxy" conformation, high O2 binding affinity) stabilized by O2 binding (O2 is a homotropic effector) – T state ("deoxy" conformation, low O2 binding affinity) stabilized by binding of protons (H+), CO2, and/or 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3BPG) (all heterotropic effectors, allosteric inhibi ...
4. Characterisation of novel proteins
... No differences of biological significance were observed between corn line 5307 and the nearisogenic line used as a comparator. A small number of statistical differences in some analytes were noted, but these occurred randomly across trial sites. Differences such as these simply reflect the fact that ...
... No differences of biological significance were observed between corn line 5307 and the nearisogenic line used as a comparator. A small number of statistical differences in some analytes were noted, but these occurred randomly across trial sites. Differences such as these simply reflect the fact that ...
A1060 GM Corn Line 5307 AppR SD1 Safety Assess
... No differences of biological significance were observed between corn line 5307 and the nearisogenic line used as a comparator. A small number of statistical differences in some analytes were noted, but these occurred randomly across trial sites. Differences such as these simply reflect the fact that ...
... No differences of biological significance were observed between corn line 5307 and the nearisogenic line used as a comparator. A small number of statistical differences in some analytes were noted, but these occurred randomly across trial sites. Differences such as these simply reflect the fact that ...
The Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor in Xenopus
... a role in cytoplasmic polyadenylation. A cDNA encoding a cytoplasmic form of the 100-kDa subunit of Xenopus laevis CPSF has now been isolated. The protein product is 91% identical at the amino acid sequence level to nuclear CPSF isolated from Bos taurus thymus. This report provides three lines of ev ...
... a role in cytoplasmic polyadenylation. A cDNA encoding a cytoplasmic form of the 100-kDa subunit of Xenopus laevis CPSF has now been isolated. The protein product is 91% identical at the amino acid sequence level to nuclear CPSF isolated from Bos taurus thymus. This report provides three lines of ev ...
Engineering carbonic anhydrase for highly selective ester hydrolysis Gunnar Höst
... the word enzyme has a Greek root and means ‘in yeast’. The first recognition of an enzyme was made by Payen and Persoz in 1833. During the second half of the 19th century it was demonstrated, by van Manassein in 1871[1] and further by Buchner in 1897[2], that the process of fermentation could occur ...
... the word enzyme has a Greek root and means ‘in yeast’. The first recognition of an enzyme was made by Payen and Persoz in 1833. During the second half of the 19th century it was demonstrated, by van Manassein in 1871[1] and further by Buchner in 1897[2], that the process of fermentation could occur ...
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... lipids form membrane bilayers. Chapter 13 unifies the discussion of biomolecule function, describing how specific signaling systems regulate the activities of biomolecules within a cell and between organs to keep an organism in homeostasis. As we move from monomeric units to larger and larger polyme ...
... lipids form membrane bilayers. Chapter 13 unifies the discussion of biomolecule function, describing how specific signaling systems regulate the activities of biomolecules within a cell and between organs to keep an organism in homeostasis. As we move from monomeric units to larger and larger polyme ...
A Per-ARNT-Sim-Like Sensor Domain Uniquely
... Ye, 1999; Ratcliffe et al., 2000, Otsuga et al., 2001). Loss of REV function leads to failure to produce axillary meristems and functional floral meristems. It also leads to alteration of vascular patterning within the stem. When rev mutations are combined with loss-of-function mutations in the PHB ...
... Ye, 1999; Ratcliffe et al., 2000, Otsuga et al., 2001). Loss of REV function leads to failure to produce axillary meristems and functional floral meristems. It also leads to alteration of vascular patterning within the stem. When rev mutations are combined with loss-of-function mutations in the PHB ...
Current Status and Future Prospectives of C1 Domain Ligands as
... Boije af Gennäs G et al. Curr Top Med Chem. 2011; 11(11): 1370-92 The final version of record is available at http://www.eurekaselect.com/88010/article DOI: 10.2174/156802611795589584 ...
... Boije af Gennäs G et al. Curr Top Med Chem. 2011; 11(11): 1370-92 The final version of record is available at http://www.eurekaselect.com/88010/article DOI: 10.2174/156802611795589584 ...
BAFF, APRIL and their receptors: Structure, function - Serval
... subject to rarer intergenic splicing events removing the transmembrane and intracellular domains to yield soluble forms of TACI. However, TACI being a Type III protein, these proteins are not predicted to be secreted (Fig. 2A). In mouse TACI, the initiating methionine and CRD1 are in the same exon. ...
... subject to rarer intergenic splicing events removing the transmembrane and intracellular domains to yield soluble forms of TACI. However, TACI being a Type III protein, these proteins are not predicted to be secreted (Fig. 2A). In mouse TACI, the initiating methionine and CRD1 are in the same exon. ...
Evolution and Function of the Plant Cell Wall
... elements required for GAUT1 function. The results show that the GAUTs, GATLs, and GATRs have a different evolutionary origin than other plant GT8 genes, were likely acquired from an ancient cyanobacterium (Synechococcus) progenitor, and separate into unique subclades that may indicate functional spe ...
... elements required for GAUT1 function. The results show that the GAUTs, GATLs, and GATRs have a different evolutionary origin than other plant GT8 genes, were likely acquired from an ancient cyanobacterium (Synechococcus) progenitor, and separate into unique subclades that may indicate functional spe ...
12 Autophagy as a defence against intracellular pathogens
... Viruses infect cells by delivering genomes or nucleoprotein core particles into the cytoplasm, either directly through the plasma membrane, or following endocytosis. In contrast with studies of bacteria, relatively few studies have focused on the role played by autophagy in removing viruses immediat ...
... Viruses infect cells by delivering genomes or nucleoprotein core particles into the cytoplasm, either directly through the plasma membrane, or following endocytosis. In contrast with studies of bacteria, relatively few studies have focused on the role played by autophagy in removing viruses immediat ...
NMR studies of the methionine methyl groups in calmodulin
... obtained in this work are identical [4]. The latter and our results are however at variance with earlier published assignments for the Met residues in calcium CaM [31]. Our assignments for the CaM-MLCK complex are consistent with those in [29]; the assignments for apo-CaM have not been reported yet. ...
... obtained in this work are identical [4]. The latter and our results are however at variance with earlier published assignments for the Met residues in calcium CaM [31]. Our assignments for the CaM-MLCK complex are consistent with those in [29]; the assignments for apo-CaM have not been reported yet. ...
MODified™ Protein Domain Binding Kit Manual
... epigenetic marks play a role in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin state1-4. These histone modifications are recognized and bound by specific proteins that are coined ‘writers’ ‘readers’ and ‘erasers’. Many of these proteins contain highly conserved domains which serve as the building b ...
... epigenetic marks play a role in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin state1-4. These histone modifications are recognized and bound by specific proteins that are coined ‘writers’ ‘readers’ and ‘erasers’. Many of these proteins contain highly conserved domains which serve as the building b ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).