chemoattractant signaling in dictyostelium discoideum
... et al. 1993). In addition to the cARs, there are 3 cAMP receptor-like proteins, designated CrlA-CrlC, that may have roles in growth and development (Raisley et al. 2004). There are also over 30 G protein-coupled receptors identified in the Dictyostelium genome, representing the cAMP receptor, frizzl ...
... et al. 1993). In addition to the cARs, there are 3 cAMP receptor-like proteins, designated CrlA-CrlC, that may have roles in growth and development (Raisley et al. 2004). There are also over 30 G protein-coupled receptors identified in the Dictyostelium genome, representing the cAMP receptor, frizzl ...
revised
... Using the TMHMM program, a total of 21473 TMs for the mesophilic set of proteins and 13340 for the thermophilic organims were predicted. The average length of the predicted TMs was 22 for both sets of proteins (thermophilic and mesophilic), which is in good agreement with the average length of TMs p ...
... Using the TMHMM program, a total of 21473 TMs for the mesophilic set of proteins and 13340 for the thermophilic organims were predicted. The average length of the predicted TMs was 22 for both sets of proteins (thermophilic and mesophilic), which is in good agreement with the average length of TMs p ...
THE PROTEIN NON-FOLDING PROBLEM: AMINO ACID
... disordered parts show significantly less sequence similarity than do the ordered parts (work in progress), suggesting that identification of disordered regions by homology is apparently an effective way to increase the information content after all. An additional problem is that a corresponding regi ...
... disordered parts show significantly less sequence similarity than do the ordered parts (work in progress), suggesting that identification of disordered regions by homology is apparently an effective way to increase the information content after all. An additional problem is that a corresponding regi ...
Introduction
... were removed in three transmembrane proteins, the proteins accumulated in the ER (Gut et al., 1998). However, all proteins with attached N-glycans were targeted apically, which shows that N-glycans might function as apical sorting signals for transmembrane proteins as well. Other specific determined ...
... were removed in three transmembrane proteins, the proteins accumulated in the ER (Gut et al., 1998). However, all proteins with attached N-glycans were targeted apically, which shows that N-glycans might function as apical sorting signals for transmembrane proteins as well. Other specific determined ...
Essential Cell Biology (3rd ed.)
... signals released from a nerve ending; the insulin receptor allows a liver cell to respond to the hormone insulin by taking up glucose; the adrenergic receptor on heart muscle increases the rate of heartbeat when it binds to adrenaline. ...
... signals released from a nerve ending; the insulin receptor allows a liver cell to respond to the hormone insulin by taking up glucose; the adrenergic receptor on heart muscle increases the rate of heartbeat when it binds to adrenaline. ...
Amino Acids - Building Blocks of Proteins
... Proteins are more than an important part of your diet. Proteins are complex molecular machines that are involved in nearly all of your cellular functions. Each protein has a specific shape (structure) that enables it to carry out its specific job (function). A core idea in the life sciences is that ...
... Proteins are more than an important part of your diet. Proteins are complex molecular machines that are involved in nearly all of your cellular functions. Each protein has a specific shape (structure) that enables it to carry out its specific job (function). A core idea in the life sciences is that ...
Case 26 The Role of Specific Amino Acids in the Peptide Hormone
... treatment regimen of the diabetic should address the glucagon hypersecretion as well as the lack of insulin. One way to do this would be to administer a glucagon antagonist along with insulin. A glucagon antagonist is a molecule that would be able to bind to extracellular receptors on liver cells, b ...
... treatment regimen of the diabetic should address the glucagon hypersecretion as well as the lack of insulin. One way to do this would be to administer a glucagon antagonist along with insulin. A glucagon antagonist is a molecule that would be able to bind to extracellular receptors on liver cells, b ...
Ribosomes: Cashing in on crystals
... and assigned to regions of 16S rRNA on the basis of available biochemical data. The seven proteins of known highresolution structure have been placed in the density, assisted by a variety of data from previous studies indicating the approximate locations of these proteins within the 30S subunit. Fiv ...
... and assigned to regions of 16S rRNA on the basis of available biochemical data. The seven proteins of known highresolution structure have been placed in the density, assisted by a variety of data from previous studies indicating the approximate locations of these proteins within the 30S subunit. Fiv ...
Structure and assembly of the spliceosomal small nuclear
... snRNAs, that undergoes an extensive rearrangement during the course of the splicing reaction. In the spliceosome, the extensive base pairing between the U4 and U6 snRNAs is unwound and the U6 snRNA subsequently base pairs with both U2 snRNA and the 5′ splice site [1–4,6]. A highly conserved loop in ...
... snRNAs, that undergoes an extensive rearrangement during the course of the splicing reaction. In the spliceosome, the extensive base pairing between the U4 and U6 snRNAs is unwound and the U6 snRNA subsequently base pairs with both U2 snRNA and the 5′ splice site [1–4,6]. A highly conserved loop in ...
The Purification and Characterization of the Highly Labeled
... cent recovery was calculated on the basis of the fraction of the starting material recovered. The data indicate that about 12 mg. of material can be isolated from approximately 1.4 Gm. of protein. Recoveries in the order of 1 per cent are usually obtained. The difference between the specific activit ...
... cent recovery was calculated on the basis of the fraction of the starting material recovered. The data indicate that about 12 mg. of material can be isolated from approximately 1.4 Gm. of protein. Recoveries in the order of 1 per cent are usually obtained. The difference between the specific activit ...
Sequence-based prediction of protein interaction
... DNA sequencing methods. For example, by July 29, 2008, there are 392 667 identified protein sequences in Uniprot/Swissprot (reviewed, manually annotated) (Uniprot, 2008) and only 47 978 known protein structures in PDB (Berman et al., 2000). Thus, it is now more important than ever to identify protei ...
... DNA sequencing methods. For example, by July 29, 2008, there are 392 667 identified protein sequences in Uniprot/Swissprot (reviewed, manually annotated) (Uniprot, 2008) and only 47 978 known protein structures in PDB (Berman et al., 2000). Thus, it is now more important than ever to identify protei ...
Intrinsic Disorder in Cell-signaling and Cancer
... and cell differentiation. Experimental evidence of disorder in signaling and oncoproteins further support our disorder predictions. For example, the N terminus of tumor suppressor Arf regulates p53 function through binding to oncoprotein Hdm2 and is unstructured in solution.17 The C-terminal activat ...
... and cell differentiation. Experimental evidence of disorder in signaling and oncoproteins further support our disorder predictions. For example, the N terminus of tumor suppressor Arf regulates p53 function through binding to oncoprotein Hdm2 and is unstructured in solution.17 The C-terminal activat ...
S1. Comparison of complex functions in MCL-GO
... are conserved in their biological processes in E. coli than yeast. Conversely fewer superfamilies are conserved in molecular function and cellular component in E. coli than yeast. Notice that the numbers are correlated with organismal complexity. The results suggest that more complex organisms have ...
... are conserved in their biological processes in E. coli than yeast. Conversely fewer superfamilies are conserved in molecular function and cellular component in E. coli than yeast. Notice that the numbers are correlated with organismal complexity. The results suggest that more complex organisms have ...
2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
... An important characteristic of membranes is membrane asymmetry: the proteins and other components of one half of the lipid bilayer differ from those that make up the other half of the bilayer. This reflects the differences in the functions performed by each half of the membrane. For example, a range ...
... An important characteristic of membranes is membrane asymmetry: the proteins and other components of one half of the lipid bilayer differ from those that make up the other half of the bilayer. This reflects the differences in the functions performed by each half of the membrane. For example, a range ...
Protein - Angelfire
... – If one amino acid is supplied in an amount smaller than needed, synthesis will be limited » Concept of the limiting amino acid » A chain is only as strong as its’ weakest link » The limiting amino acids are the sulfur containing ones (methionine and cysteine), tryptophan, and lysine-- these are a ...
... – If one amino acid is supplied in an amount smaller than needed, synthesis will be limited » Concept of the limiting amino acid » A chain is only as strong as its’ weakest link » The limiting amino acids are the sulfur containing ones (methionine and cysteine), tryptophan, and lysine-- these are a ...
Spnr, a Murine RNA-binding Protein That Is Localized to
... sequence and 22 nt of sequence contributed from the polylinker in the vector (Fajardo et al., 1994). The Prm-1 3' UTR 5' probe contained the first 82 nt of the 3' UTR and 38 nt of polylinker sequence. The Prm-1 3' UTR 3' probe contained 59 nt of the Prm-1 3' UTR between 72-130 nt, and 22 nt of polyl ...
... sequence and 22 nt of sequence contributed from the polylinker in the vector (Fajardo et al., 1994). The Prm-1 3' UTR 5' probe contained the first 82 nt of the 3' UTR and 38 nt of polylinker sequence. The Prm-1 3' UTR 3' probe contained 59 nt of the Prm-1 3' UTR between 72-130 nt, and 22 nt of polyl ...
Allosteric Inhibition of Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase by a
... because of their fundamental role in signal transduction and regulatory pathways in eukaryotic cells. Diseases, including cancer, inflammation and diabetes, are often directly linked to the malfunctioning of EPKs (Noble et al., 2004). The human genome encodes a total of 518 kinases (Manning et al., ...
... because of their fundamental role in signal transduction and regulatory pathways in eukaryotic cells. Diseases, including cancer, inflammation and diabetes, are often directly linked to the malfunctioning of EPKs (Noble et al., 2004). The human genome encodes a total of 518 kinases (Manning et al., ...
H2N - Department of Computing Science
... Useful for SDS PAGE and 2D gel analysis Useful for deciding on SEC matrix Useful for deciding on MWC for dialysis Essential in synthetic peptide analysis Essential in peptide sequencing (classical or mass-spectrometry based) • Essential in proteomics and high throughput protein characterization ...
... Useful for SDS PAGE and 2D gel analysis Useful for deciding on SEC matrix Useful for deciding on MWC for dialysis Essential in synthetic peptide analysis Essential in peptide sequencing (classical or mass-spectrometry based) • Essential in proteomics and high throughput protein characterization ...
Chapter 9 Proteins - Angelo State University
... abbreviated formula for the tripeptide formed from aspartate, cysteine, and valine in which the Cterminal residue is cysteine and the N-terminal residue is valine. ...
... abbreviated formula for the tripeptide formed from aspartate, cysteine, and valine in which the Cterminal residue is cysteine and the N-terminal residue is valine. ...
Chapter 14
... Ca2+ is transported out of the cell or into the ER lumen, so intracellular Ca2+ concentrations are extremely low. Transient, localized increases in intracellular Ca2+ are important in cell signaling (as in muscle contraction). ...
... Ca2+ is transported out of the cell or into the ER lumen, so intracellular Ca2+ concentrations are extremely low. Transient, localized increases in intracellular Ca2+ are important in cell signaling (as in muscle contraction). ...
Phytopathogen type III effector weaponry and their plant targets
... immune responses using mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and hormones such as salicylic acid (SA). These defences include the deposition of lignin and callose in the cell wall, transcription of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, and the production of antimicrobial compounds and reactive ...
... immune responses using mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and hormones such as salicylic acid (SA). These defences include the deposition of lignin and callose in the cell wall, transcription of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, and the production of antimicrobial compounds and reactive ...
Second bioinformatics lab:Exercise on disease
... 8. Go to the ExPASy website (http://us.expasy.org/) and search for the SwissProt entry for your protein using “kras2.” Be sure to select the human protein from the list of results. Make sure the information in the entry is the same as you saw in the Gene entry. If your protein is an enzyme, the EC ...
... 8. Go to the ExPASy website (http://us.expasy.org/) and search for the SwissProt entry for your protein using “kras2.” Be sure to select the human protein from the list of results. Make sure the information in the entry is the same as you saw in the Gene entry. If your protein is an enzyme, the EC ...
Topological studies suggest that the pathway of the protons through
... TID-reactive residues in F0• The labeling profilein Fig. 58 was obtaincd after reaction with Neurospora crassa mitochondria in the presence of an oligomycin concentration 10-fold higher than necessary for maximal inhibition. The identical group of residues was TID-reactive in the presence and in the ...
... TID-reactive residues in F0• The labeling profilein Fig. 58 was obtaincd after reaction with Neurospora crassa mitochondria in the presence of an oligomycin concentration 10-fold higher than necessary for maximal inhibition. The identical group of residues was TID-reactive in the presence and in the ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).