original version
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
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... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
Physiological and Chemical Properties of a
... mg. bacterial protein/ml. ; y lactate = 2.32 g.]mole). Effluent of this culture was used for experiments and also to inoculate 20 1. batch cultures of similar medium with the trace element solution omitted but with the addition of (per litre): NH,CI, 1.5 g.; FeS0,.7H20, 3 mg.; and yeast extract, 1.0 ...
... mg. bacterial protein/ml. ; y lactate = 2.32 g.]mole). Effluent of this culture was used for experiments and also to inoculate 20 1. batch cultures of similar medium with the trace element solution omitted but with the addition of (per litre): NH,CI, 1.5 g.; FeS0,.7H20, 3 mg.; and yeast extract, 1.0 ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
Functional characterization of the Mycobacterium
... Eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinases (STPKs) are present in many bacterial species, where they control various physiological and virulence processes by enabling microbial adaptation to specific environmental signals. PknJ is the only member of the 11 STPKs identified in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...
... Eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinases (STPKs) are present in many bacterial species, where they control various physiological and virulence processes by enabling microbial adaptation to specific environmental signals. PknJ is the only member of the 11 STPKs identified in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
Identification of Bioactive Peptide Sequences from Amaranth
... Proteins from animal sources such as eggs, milk, and meat are the best sources of protein with high quality. However, they have a high cost and in some cases produce some allergies or intolerances. Plant proteins can be substituted for them either partially or completely (Tavano and others 2008; She ...
... Proteins from animal sources such as eggs, milk, and meat are the best sources of protein with high quality. However, they have a high cost and in some cases produce some allergies or intolerances. Plant proteins can be substituted for them either partially or completely (Tavano and others 2008; She ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
... until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane channel function such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) are less abundant or absent from intracellular membranes (Xu and Ren, 2015). TRPs in acidic vesicles might also be i ...
Two Microtubule-Associated Proteins of the
... The organization and dynamics of microtubules are regulated by microtubule-associated proteins, or MAPs. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), nine genes encode proteins of the evolutionarily conserved MAP65 family. We proposed that different MAP65s might have distinct roles in the interaction with ...
... The organization and dynamics of microtubules are regulated by microtubule-associated proteins, or MAPs. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), nine genes encode proteins of the evolutionarily conserved MAP65 family. We proposed that different MAP65s might have distinct roles in the interaction with ...
OMPROT PP2 ver4 - Plant Physiology
... undergo fusion, fission and rapid movements, suggesting a dynamic interaction with components of the cytoskeleton (Sheahan et al., 2004; Sheahan et al., 2005; Logan, 2010). However, many of the specific proteins that mediate such processes remain unknown. While mitochondria do play a central role in ...
... undergo fusion, fission and rapid movements, suggesting a dynamic interaction with components of the cytoskeleton (Sheahan et al., 2004; Sheahan et al., 2005; Logan, 2010). However, many of the specific proteins that mediate such processes remain unknown. While mitochondria do play a central role in ...
A pervasive role of histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases in
... The NF-kB family of transcription factors is present in most vertebrate cell types as homo- and heterodimers of five structurally related Rel and NF-kB proteins, namely p65 (also called RelA), RelB, c-Rel, NF-kB1 (p50 and its precursor p105) and NF-kB2 (p52 and its precursor p100) [1,2]. The transac ...
... The NF-kB family of transcription factors is present in most vertebrate cell types as homo- and heterodimers of five structurally related Rel and NF-kB proteins, namely p65 (also called RelA), RelB, c-Rel, NF-kB1 (p50 and its precursor p105) and NF-kB2 (p52 and its precursor p100) [1,2]. The transac ...
Chapter 16—Probes for Endocytosis, Receptors and Ion Channels
... BODIPY® FL Prazosin for α1-Adrenergic Receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762 BODIPY® TMR-X Muscimol for GABAA Receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... BODIPY® FL Prazosin for α1-Adrenergic Receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762 BODIPY® TMR-X Muscimol for GABAA Receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Receptors Distinct Parasite Molecules and Host Chemoattractant
... patterns associated with microbes. There are 10 TLR family members that together recognize a diverse collection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Recognition by TLR initiates signaling pathways through the common adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), leading to activat ...
... patterns associated with microbes. There are 10 TLR family members that together recognize a diverse collection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Recognition by TLR initiates signaling pathways through the common adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), leading to activat ...
Supramolecular Chemistry—Scope and Perspectives Molecules
... chemistry, not limited to transition-metal ions but extending to all types of substrates: cationic, anionic, or neutral species of organic, inorganic, or biological nature. In order to achieve high recognition it is desirable that receptor and substrate be in contact over a large area. This occurs w ...
... chemistry, not limited to transition-metal ions but extending to all types of substrates: cationic, anionic, or neutral species of organic, inorganic, or biological nature. In order to achieve high recognition it is desirable that receptor and substrate be in contact over a large area. This occurs w ...
Lens Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP)
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
167 renal and small intestinal sodium
... Cloned Na+/Pi symporters seem not to belong to a currently described family of membrane-transport proteins, such as the SGLT-1 or Na+/Cl symport families (Wright et al. 1992). Also, no significant overall identity was found with other cloned mammalian and non-mammalian membrane Na+-dependent and Na+ ...
... Cloned Na+/Pi symporters seem not to belong to a currently described family of membrane-transport proteins, such as the SGLT-1 or Na+/Cl symport families (Wright et al. 1992). Also, no significant overall identity was found with other cloned mammalian and non-mammalian membrane Na+-dependent and Na+ ...
estrogen receptor by cyclin D1 Ligand
... ER and cyclin D1 share a coactivator binding motif To study how cyclin D1 activates ER, cyclin D1 deletion mutants were tested for their effect on ER transactivation. Cos-7 cells were transfected with cyclin D1 mutants, together with ER and a luciferase reporter gene construct driven by a minimal TA ...
... ER and cyclin D1 share a coactivator binding motif To study how cyclin D1 activates ER, cyclin D1 deletion mutants were tested for their effect on ER transactivation. Cos-7 cells were transfected with cyclin D1 mutants, together with ER and a luciferase reporter gene construct driven by a minimal TA ...
Structural and Functional Studies on Proteinaceous Metallocarboxypeptidase Inhibitors Joan López Arolas
... Peptidase inhibitors Peptidase inhibitors are important tools of nature for regulating the proteolytic activity of their target proteases, and for blocking them in emergency cases (Bode & Huber, 1992). All naturally occurring inhibitors directed toward endogenous peptidases, i.e. against proteolytic ...
... Peptidase inhibitors Peptidase inhibitors are important tools of nature for regulating the proteolytic activity of their target proteases, and for blocking them in emergency cases (Bode & Huber, 1992). All naturally occurring inhibitors directed toward endogenous peptidases, i.e. against proteolytic ...
PeptidePicker: a Tool for Determining Most Appropriate Peptides for
... database27 with scores given for the likelihood of observing a given peptide.28 The score also takes into consideration the suitability of an MRM transition, based on the frequency and intensity of the observed fragment ions of the specific peptide. The software checks selected peptides for uniquene ...
... database27 with scores given for the likelihood of observing a given peptide.28 The score also takes into consideration the suitability of an MRM transition, based on the frequency and intensity of the observed fragment ions of the specific peptide. The software checks selected peptides for uniquene ...
BIOGENESIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL ATPase Studies on
... OSCP. In yeast the presence of an oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP) has been established [11]. As in beef heart, this protein is necessary for the binding of F 1 to mitochondrial membrane and thus is one of the components which are essential for cold-stable and oligomycin-sensitive AT ...
... OSCP. In yeast the presence of an oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP) has been established [11]. As in beef heart, this protein is necessary for the binding of F 1 to mitochondrial membrane and thus is one of the components which are essential for cold-stable and oligomycin-sensitive AT ...
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway
... Abbreviations: AC, Adenylate cyclase; BAEC, bovine aortic endothelial cell; CRE, cAMP response element; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein; EC, endothelial cell; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ER, estrogen receptor; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; FBS, fetal bovine serum; FITC, fluoresce ...
... Abbreviations: AC, Adenylate cyclase; BAEC, bovine aortic endothelial cell; CRE, cAMP response element; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein; EC, endothelial cell; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ER, estrogen receptor; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; FBS, fetal bovine serum; FITC, fluoresce ...
A Calcium-Regulated Gatekeeper in Phloem Sieve Tubes
... sieve element and collectively constitute a system known as the parietal layer (Figure 1). A wide variety of sieve element proteins and plastids have been observed that can be distinguished by genus or family. Behnke (1991a, 1991b) presented electron micrographs and descriptions of plastids and crys ...
... sieve element and collectively constitute a system known as the parietal layer (Figure 1). A wide variety of sieve element proteins and plastids have been observed that can be distinguished by genus or family. Behnke (1991a, 1991b) presented electron micrographs and descriptions of plastids and crys ...
RuBisCO in Non-Photosynthetic Alga Euglena longa: Divergent
... both species the genome harbors a region comprising three tandemly arrayed operons, each including the 16S, 23S, and 5S rDNA genes, as well as one additional adjacent stand-alone copy of the 16S rDNA gene [15,16]. However, all the genes encoding photosynthesis-related proteins are absent from the pl ...
... both species the genome harbors a region comprising three tandemly arrayed operons, each including the 16S, 23S, and 5S rDNA genes, as well as one additional adjacent stand-alone copy of the 16S rDNA gene [15,16]. However, all the genes encoding photosynthesis-related proteins are absent from the pl ...
current models for the structure of biological membranes rev iew
... must exist even though morphologically they form one continuous membrane . The plasma membrane of many cells shows recognizable structural and functional differences in different parts of the cell surface . These are easy to recognize in epithelial cells which serve excretory and resorptive function ...
... must exist even though morphologically they form one continuous membrane . The plasma membrane of many cells shows recognizable structural and functional differences in different parts of the cell surface . These are easy to recognize in epithelial cells which serve excretory and resorptive function ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).