Photosynthesis and Respiration Notes
... • Convert pyruvate to lactic acid • Muscles produce lactic acid when not enough O2 • Produced by microorganisms – Produce food such as yogurt, cheese, sour cream ...
... • Convert pyruvate to lactic acid • Muscles produce lactic acid when not enough O2 • Produced by microorganisms – Produce food such as yogurt, cheese, sour cream ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation
... pyruvate + 2 ATP • High [ATP] inhibits phosphofructokinase (PFK) • High [ADP] stimulates PFK • Pasteur Effect: Increase in the rate of carbohydrate breakdown that occurs when switched from aerobic to anaerobic conditions Fig. 16-3 ...
... pyruvate + 2 ATP • High [ATP] inhibits phosphofructokinase (PFK) • High [ADP] stimulates PFK • Pasteur Effect: Increase in the rate of carbohydrate breakdown that occurs when switched from aerobic to anaerobic conditions Fig. 16-3 ...
Practice Exam #1
... Write either T (true) or F (false) on the answer sheet provided. 1. The G is always more negative than the G’. 2. An increase in Pi (inorganic phosphate) in the cytosol is a good indicator of an imbalance between ATP demand and supply. 3. ADP, Pi and H+ are substrates for ATP production in the mi ...
... Write either T (true) or F (false) on the answer sheet provided. 1. The G is always more negative than the G’. 2. An increase in Pi (inorganic phosphate) in the cytosol is a good indicator of an imbalance between ATP demand and supply. 3. ADP, Pi and H+ are substrates for ATP production in the mi ...
File
... •Energy is generated as electrons move through the electron transport chain, and is used to pump hydrogen ions (H+) from the matrix into the intermembrane space •This generates a concentration gradient which drives the hydrogen ions back into the matrix through enzymes called ATP Synthase. •ATP synt ...
... •Energy is generated as electrons move through the electron transport chain, and is used to pump hydrogen ions (H+) from the matrix into the intermembrane space •This generates a concentration gradient which drives the hydrogen ions back into the matrix through enzymes called ATP Synthase. •ATP synt ...
Chapter 14-Respiration
... The return of H+ into the matrix would provide enough G for the synthesis of ATP. The H+ gradient-electrical gradient is coupled to ATP synthesis by the FoF1 ATP Synthase complex (Complex V). ...
... The return of H+ into the matrix would provide enough G for the synthesis of ATP. The H+ gradient-electrical gradient is coupled to ATP synthesis by the FoF1 ATP Synthase complex (Complex V). ...
Biochemical Systems Handout All living cells need energy to
... carbohydrates, fats and proteins. When the previous substances are broken down at molecular level, bonds breaking and forming between the atoms in the molecules release or require energy. The biochemical reactions, which take place in cells when a fuel substance such as carbohydrate (e.g. glucose or ...
... carbohydrates, fats and proteins. When the previous substances are broken down at molecular level, bonds breaking and forming between the atoms in the molecules release or require energy. The biochemical reactions, which take place in cells when a fuel substance such as carbohydrate (e.g. glucose or ...
BIOENERGETICS SUMMARY File
... Products (Materials needed) (Materials produced) Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide (CO2) Glucose (C6H12O6) sugar) Water (H2O) Oxygen (O2) Cellular Respiration Sugar or other food ATP Oxygen (O2) Carbon dioxide (CO2) ...
... Products (Materials needed) (Materials produced) Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide (CO2) Glucose (C6H12O6) sugar) Water (H2O) Oxygen (O2) Cellular Respiration Sugar or other food ATP Oxygen (O2) Carbon dioxide (CO2) ...
Photosynthesis - Crestwood Local Schools
... The remaining 2C fragment (called an acetyl group) is attached to a coenzyme (coenzyme A) and forms acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA gets either used in fat synthesis if there is enough ATP or it goes to be used in the Krebs Cycle to make more ATP. The Krebs Cycle: This is a repeating series of rxns that ...
... The remaining 2C fragment (called an acetyl group) is attached to a coenzyme (coenzyme A) and forms acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA gets either used in fat synthesis if there is enough ATP or it goes to be used in the Krebs Cycle to make more ATP. The Krebs Cycle: This is a repeating series of rxns that ...
File
... ATP (stored) – is quickly used (within about 5 seconds) Phosphorylation – using Creatine Phosphate (which is made by the body and stored within muscle) to supply a phosphate to the leftover ADP from the previous step. It is quickly used (within about 5 more seconds) ...
... ATP (stored) – is quickly used (within about 5 seconds) Phosphorylation – using Creatine Phosphate (which is made by the body and stored within muscle) to supply a phosphate to the leftover ADP from the previous step. It is quickly used (within about 5 more seconds) ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Breaking one glucose down into 2 pyruvic acids(3 Carbon) & 2 ATP (net) ...
... Breaking one glucose down into 2 pyruvic acids(3 Carbon) & 2 ATP (net) ...
ATP and Photosynthesis Notes
... Chemical reaction that occurs in cells with chloroplasts Uses suns energy to convert CO2 and H2O into sugar (glucose) and oxygen. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 2 stages 1. light dependent 2. Light Independent (Calvin Cycle) ...
... Chemical reaction that occurs in cells with chloroplasts Uses suns energy to convert CO2 and H2O into sugar (glucose) and oxygen. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 2 stages 1. light dependent 2. Light Independent (Calvin Cycle) ...
Milestone Minutes Organisms Week 2 Plants obtain energy through
... Milestone Minutes Organisms Week 2 ...
... Milestone Minutes Organisms Week 2 ...
DiscBio: C9 Voc Definitions
... Chapter 9: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration, pp 205 – 224 1 aerobic; 2 anaerobic; 3 antenna complex; 4 ATP; 5 ATP synthase; 6 Calvin cycle; 7 carbon fixation; 8 cellular respiration; 9 chlorophyll; 10 chloroplast; 11 citric acid cycle; 12 consumer; 13 electron transport chain; 14 energy carrier ...
... Chapter 9: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration, pp 205 – 224 1 aerobic; 2 anaerobic; 3 antenna complex; 4 ATP; 5 ATP synthase; 6 Calvin cycle; 7 carbon fixation; 8 cellular respiration; 9 chlorophyll; 10 chloroplast; 11 citric acid cycle; 12 consumer; 13 electron transport chain; 14 energy carrier ...
Honors Cellular Respiration
... What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiratio ...
... What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiratio ...
PowerPoint 프레젠테이션
... potential. The actual conformational change corresponding to eversion of binding site could be quite small. ...
... potential. The actual conformational change corresponding to eversion of binding site could be quite small. ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... 2 CO2 – Used in brewing, winemaking, baking ...
... 2 CO2 – Used in brewing, winemaking, baking ...
Cellular Respiration
... Between Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle only 4 ATP molecules in total are made. Our body needs a total of about 36-38 ATP molecules. The rest come from an electron transport chain that gets the remaining energy from NADH & FADH2. The ETC also produces 2 water molecules that are released. The ETC make ...
... Between Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle only 4 ATP molecules in total are made. Our body needs a total of about 36-38 ATP molecules. The rest come from an electron transport chain that gets the remaining energy from NADH & FADH2. The ETC also produces 2 water molecules that are released. The ETC make ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
Photosynthesis
... Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
... Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
Catabolic Pathways and Glycolysis
... • primary catabolic pathway used in organisms to produce energy (ATP) – although fats & proteins can be broken down, glucose is the primary fuel used – C6H12O6 + 6O2 g 6CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP & Heat) ...
... • primary catabolic pathway used in organisms to produce energy (ATP) – although fats & proteins can be broken down, glucose is the primary fuel used – C6H12O6 + 6O2 g 6CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP & Heat) ...
CHAPTER 10 REVIEW SHEET Briefly describe metabolism. What
... 27. Exemplify how the Gibbs free energy change for ATP hydrolysis in vivo is greater than the standard Gibbs free energy change given [ATP] = 3.8 mM, [ADP] = 0.9 mM and [Pi] = 5.2 mM for a particular organism. Assume 25°C and pH = 7.0. ATP ADP + Pi ...
... 27. Exemplify how the Gibbs free energy change for ATP hydrolysis in vivo is greater than the standard Gibbs free energy change given [ATP] = 3.8 mM, [ADP] = 0.9 mM and [Pi] = 5.2 mM for a particular organism. Assume 25°C and pH = 7.0. ATP ADP + Pi ...
Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
... Folding increases surface area ( # of reactions) Most compounds are proteins (some pigments) cytochrome c used to trace DNA lineage Function as enzymes directing the flow of reactions that move e(alternate between oxidized and reduced state) NADH and FADH2 are from Krebs and glycolysis NADH and FADH ...
... Folding increases surface area ( # of reactions) Most compounds are proteins (some pigments) cytochrome c used to trace DNA lineage Function as enzymes directing the flow of reactions that move e(alternate between oxidized and reduced state) NADH and FADH2 are from Krebs and glycolysis NADH and FADH ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.