Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... allergen and may weaken the allergic reaction [11]. T-cell epitopes, however, were not impaired in peptide allergens [12,13]. Reduction of the side effects from AIT using peptides may permit the use of high concentrations of antigens and shorten the treatment period. Conventional peptide immunothera ...
... allergen and may weaken the allergic reaction [11]. T-cell epitopes, however, were not impaired in peptide allergens [12,13]. Reduction of the side effects from AIT using peptides may permit the use of high concentrations of antigens and shorten the treatment period. Conventional peptide immunothera ...
Improvement of adoptive T-cell therapy for Cancer
... and neutralizing antigens. An antigen coated with antibodies can be eliminated in different ways, such as cross-linking of several antigens which forms clusters that are subsequently ingested by phagocytic cells or cleared ...
... and neutralizing antigens. An antigen coated with antibodies can be eliminated in different ways, such as cross-linking of several antigens which forms clusters that are subsequently ingested by phagocytic cells or cleared ...
How some mycoplasmas evade host immune responses. Microbe 2
... membranes of these wall-less bacteria. These requirements reflect their relative genomic simplicity. The 580-kb genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, for example, is comparable in size to that of a large virus. Nonetheless, this highly successful group containing both commensals and pathogens withstands ...
... membranes of these wall-less bacteria. These requirements reflect their relative genomic simplicity. The 580-kb genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, for example, is comparable in size to that of a large virus. Nonetheless, this highly successful group containing both commensals and pathogens withstands ...
Immune Therapy Program - The Campbell Family Cancer Research
... What happens during an immune response? After disease-causing germs enter the body, the immune system leaps into action to eliminate them. T-cells are often the key players in this process, which involves a complex series of events. Similarly, in order for T-cells to eliminate cancer cells, the foll ...
... What happens during an immune response? After disease-causing germs enter the body, the immune system leaps into action to eliminate them. T-cells are often the key players in this process, which involves a complex series of events. Similarly, in order for T-cells to eliminate cancer cells, the foll ...
Lactobacilli- and Staphylococcus aureus mediated
... lipopolysaccharide lymphoid tissue inducer Macrophage major histocompatibility complex microbial-associated molecular pattern necrotizing enterocolitis nuclear factor-κB natural killer cell nucleotide oligomerization domain peripheral blood mononuclear cells peptidoglycan Peyer’s patches pattern rec ...
... lipopolysaccharide lymphoid tissue inducer Macrophage major histocompatibility complex microbial-associated molecular pattern necrotizing enterocolitis nuclear factor-κB natural killer cell nucleotide oligomerization domain peripheral blood mononuclear cells peptidoglycan Peyer’s patches pattern rec ...
Major histocompatability complex (MHC) and T cell receptors
... Peptide in vesicle– Class II: peptides Displaces Ii chain from within vesicles associate with MHC Ii chain Class II ...
... Peptide in vesicle– Class II: peptides Displaces Ii chain from within vesicles associate with MHC Ii chain Class II ...
Understanding the interaction between psychosocial stress
... Increased sympathetic adrenal activity appears to play a major role in immune changes observed after acute psychological stress. Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis-activity, resulting in enhanced release of glucocorticoids, together with sympathetic mechanisms are mainly responsible for the i ...
... Increased sympathetic adrenal activity appears to play a major role in immune changes observed after acute psychological stress. Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis-activity, resulting in enhanced release of glucocorticoids, together with sympathetic mechanisms are mainly responsible for the i ...
Perforin and interferon- activities independently
... immune surveillance is less obvious. Notably, in some models involving innate antitumor activity, natural killer (NK) celldepleted mice were often significantly more susceptible to tumor metastasis than pfp-deficient mice, despite the lack of activity of FasL or TNF against these tumors in vivo.8 Th ...
... immune surveillance is less obvious. Notably, in some models involving innate antitumor activity, natural killer (NK) celldepleted mice were often significantly more susceptible to tumor metastasis than pfp-deficient mice, despite the lack of activity of FasL or TNF against these tumors in vivo.8 Th ...
antigen-antibody reaction
... is the dissolution of a cell. RBC is lysed - haemolysis. bacterial cell - bacteriolysis. Mechanism of Cytolysis: the antigen-antibody complex activates the complement. complement binds to the surface antigen of microbe or cell. The compliment fixed on the surface of the cell causes the di ...
... is the dissolution of a cell. RBC is lysed - haemolysis. bacterial cell - bacteriolysis. Mechanism of Cytolysis: the antigen-antibody complex activates the complement. complement binds to the surface antigen of microbe or cell. The compliment fixed on the surface of the cell causes the di ...
The Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis - (BORA)
... to controls (median 18 cells, 12, 33) (P= 0.001). For the other cell types, no differences were found between children with PFAPA and controls. Conclusions The incidence of PFAPA was 2.3 per 10 000 children up to 5 years of age. Onset of PFAPA was frequent during the first year of life. The observed ...
... to controls (median 18 cells, 12, 33) (P= 0.001). For the other cell types, no differences were found between children with PFAPA and controls. Conclusions The incidence of PFAPA was 2.3 per 10 000 children up to 5 years of age. Onset of PFAPA was frequent during the first year of life. The observed ...
New advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of ITP 2014 ASH
... Steroid therapy and CD8 Tregs • Results – Steroids injection is effective at rescuing platelet counts in both passive and active ITP mouse model. – CD8+ T cell depletion leads less responsiveness to DEX treatment. – The CD8 Tregs populations ( CD8+CD25+Foxp3+, CD8+CD103+, CD8+CD122+ and CD8+CD28-) ...
... Steroid therapy and CD8 Tregs • Results – Steroids injection is effective at rescuing platelet counts in both passive and active ITP mouse model. – CD8+ T cell depletion leads less responsiveness to DEX treatment. – The CD8 Tregs populations ( CD8+CD25+Foxp3+, CD8+CD103+, CD8+CD122+ and CD8+CD28-) ...
Islet inflammation in human type 1 diabetes
... Type 1 diabetes in humans is considered to have an autoimmune aetiology in which the insulinsecreting β-cells of the pancreatic islets are destroyed selectively by influent immune cells responding to the aberrant presentation of β-cell antigens (1-7). However, this seemingly straightforward summary ...
... Type 1 diabetes in humans is considered to have an autoimmune aetiology in which the insulinsecreting β-cells of the pancreatic islets are destroyed selectively by influent immune cells responding to the aberrant presentation of β-cell antigens (1-7). However, this seemingly straightforward summary ...
Data and Results Graduate Physical and Life Sciences PhD Pharmacology
... addition to its central actions, we demonstrated that TAAR1 is upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and B cells following immune activation, and that subsequent activation of TAAR1 by methamphetamine stimulates cAMP, similar to the function of adenosine A2 receptors which are als ...
... addition to its central actions, we demonstrated that TAAR1 is upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and B cells following immune activation, and that subsequent activation of TAAR1 by methamphetamine stimulates cAMP, similar to the function of adenosine A2 receptors which are als ...
Early life cytokines, viral infections and IgE
... increase our knowledge in immunology in order to find be able to explain the underlying mechanisms in allergy. ...
... increase our knowledge in immunology in order to find be able to explain the underlying mechanisms in allergy. ...
Innate immune modulation in EBV infection Open Access Shunbin Ning
... muscle cells. Infection of monocytes is likely productive [9]. However, in healthy carriers, EBV seems to be exclusively harbored in B lymphocytes [6,7]. In vitro infection of B cells leads to cell activation and proliferation, as well as outgrowth of transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs, Lat ...
... muscle cells. Infection of monocytes is likely productive [9]. However, in healthy carriers, EBV seems to be exclusively harbored in B lymphocytes [6,7]. In vitro infection of B cells leads to cell activation and proliferation, as well as outgrowth of transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs, Lat ...
Review of immunological and virological aspects as contributory factors in... Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI)
... The immune response to respiratory viruses often induces pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, which could lead to septic shock if uncontrolled. IL-1 has been shown to induce drowsiness and sleep apnoea in humans and animal models [22,49]. Inflammation can also lead to obs ...
... The immune response to respiratory viruses often induces pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, which could lead to septic shock if uncontrolled. IL-1 has been shown to induce drowsiness and sleep apnoea in humans and animal models [22,49]. Inflammation can also lead to obs ...
gastrointestinal (GI) tract
... is thought that mlns are the crossroads of systemic and mucosal immunity. Within the mlns, lymphoid cells from mucosal and systemic immunity interact, T-cell maturation continues, and it is likely that critical issues of gut homeostasis are determined as outlined below. Immune effector sites may be ...
... is thought that mlns are the crossroads of systemic and mucosal immunity. Within the mlns, lymphoid cells from mucosal and systemic immunity interact, T-cell maturation continues, and it is likely that critical issues of gut homeostasis are determined as outlined below. Immune effector sites may be ...
Bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein D: a review of its structural
... consists of a large double-stranded DNA genome packaged into an icosahedral capsid, which, in turn, is surrounded by a layer of proteins called tegument and an envelope composed of a large number of glycoproteins embedded in a lipid bilayer (reviewed in reference [26]). The entry of alphaherpesvirus ...
... consists of a large double-stranded DNA genome packaged into an icosahedral capsid, which, in turn, is surrounded by a layer of proteins called tegument and an envelope composed of a large number of glycoproteins embedded in a lipid bilayer (reviewed in reference [26]). The entry of alphaherpesvirus ...
Functional study of hemolymph coagulation in Zhi Wang Drosophila
... (Medzhitov & Janeway 1998; Janeway & Medzhitov 2002)). It relies on germ-line encoded receptors that recognize conserved molecular patterns associated with pathogens (PAMPs for pathogen associated molecular patterns) as non-self (Janeway 1992). This interaction between the host receptors and PAMPs d ...
... (Medzhitov & Janeway 1998; Janeway & Medzhitov 2002)). It relies on germ-line encoded receptors that recognize conserved molecular patterns associated with pathogens (PAMPs for pathogen associated molecular patterns) as non-self (Janeway 1992). This interaction between the host receptors and PAMPs d ...
WHIP2015 book - Marine Biological Laboratory
... LYMPHOCYTES – CHAIRs Chris Hunter & Georgia Perona Wright 13:30 Jennifer Cnops -‐-‐-‐ NK, NKT and CD8-‐derived IFNγ drives myeloid cell activation and erythrophagocytosis, ...
... LYMPHOCYTES – CHAIRs Chris Hunter & Georgia Perona Wright 13:30 Jennifer Cnops -‐-‐-‐ NK, NKT and CD8-‐derived IFNγ drives myeloid cell activation and erythrophagocytosis, ...
MHC
... by a given MHC protein is selective but less specific than antigen binding by a TCR or a BCR. (2) Flexibility: a series of different antigenic peptides with the same consensus binding motif can be presented by a given MHC molecule. ...
... by a given MHC protein is selective but less specific than antigen binding by a TCR or a BCR. (2) Flexibility: a series of different antigenic peptides with the same consensus binding motif can be presented by a given MHC molecule. ...
bt 6602 immunology dr.r.b.narayanan
... PPT & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT & BB ...
... PPT & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT & BB PPT, Video & BB PPT & BB ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.