Granzyme A activates another way to die
... cells (approximately 20 lg ⁄ 109 cells) (96), and conservative estimates that approximately one-tenth of CTL granule contents are released into a single synapse with a volume of <5 lm3. Therefore, GzmA synapse concentrations are approximately 2 · 109 lg ⁄ 5 lm3 or approximately 8 lM, a concentration ...
... cells (approximately 20 lg ⁄ 109 cells) (96), and conservative estimates that approximately one-tenth of CTL granule contents are released into a single synapse with a volume of <5 lm3. Therefore, GzmA synapse concentrations are approximately 2 · 109 lg ⁄ 5 lm3 or approximately 8 lM, a concentration ...
docx - Delta Dental of Washington
... Over the past decade, oropharynx cancer cases have increased nearly 5 fold. This type of cancer affects the tonsils and the base of the tongue. Approximately 70% of cases are caused by HPV. It’s the same virus that causes cervical cancer. Genital HPV, human papillomavirus, is the most common sexuall ...
... Over the past decade, oropharynx cancer cases have increased nearly 5 fold. This type of cancer affects the tonsils and the base of the tongue. Approximately 70% of cases are caused by HPV. It’s the same virus that causes cervical cancer. Genital HPV, human papillomavirus, is the most common sexuall ...
Mutation Testing: An Artificial Immune System
... that are processed and bound to a molecule known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC). A cell that has ingested (or been infected by) an antigen, digests the antigen causing it to fragment into peptides. These then bind to MHC molecules, forming a complex which is displayed on the surface of th ...
... that are processed and bound to a molecule known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC). A cell that has ingested (or been infected by) an antigen, digests the antigen causing it to fragment into peptides. These then bind to MHC molecules, forming a complex which is displayed on the surface of th ...
Linocin and OmpW Are Involved in Attachment of the Cystic Fibrosis
... proteomics approach to identify bacterial proteins that are involved in the attachment of Bcc bacteria to lung epithelial cells. Fourteen proteins were reproducibly identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis from four Bcc strains representative of two Bcc species: Burkholderia cenocepacia, th ...
... proteomics approach to identify bacterial proteins that are involved in the attachment of Bcc bacteria to lung epithelial cells. Fourteen proteins were reproducibly identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis from four Bcc strains representative of two Bcc species: Burkholderia cenocepacia, th ...
Document
... Is antigen presentation by hepatocytes sufficient alone for immune activation to cause rejection/hepatitis? ...
... Is antigen presentation by hepatocytes sufficient alone for immune activation to cause rejection/hepatitis? ...
bt 6602 immunology dr.r.b.narayanan
... Development, maturation, activation and differentiation of T-cells and B-cells. TCR. Antibodies - Structure and Functions. Antibodies - Genes and Generation of diversity. Antigen-Antibody reactions. Antigen presenting cells. Major histocompatibility complex. Regulation of T-cell and B-cell responses ...
... Development, maturation, activation and differentiation of T-cells and B-cells. TCR. Antibodies - Structure and Functions. Antibodies - Genes and Generation of diversity. Antigen-Antibody reactions. Antigen presenting cells. Major histocompatibility complex. Regulation of T-cell and B-cell responses ...
Acute lung injury: how the lung inflammatory response works P.A. Ward
... molecules on the pulmonary vascular endothelium (E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1) as well as on the alveolar epithelium (ICAM-1). Vascular adhesion molecules enhance adhesiveness of PMN and facilitate their subsequent transmigration into the interstitial and distal airways of lu ...
... molecules on the pulmonary vascular endothelium (E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1) as well as on the alveolar epithelium (ICAM-1). Vascular adhesion molecules enhance adhesiveness of PMN and facilitate their subsequent transmigration into the interstitial and distal airways of lu ...
MELATONIN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON IMMUNE SYSTEM Our
... which drive delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, or MHC class I restricted CD8+ T cells which mediate direct cytotoxicity. The cellular response is principally directed against intracellular pathogens (5). During the effector phase of DTH, Th1 lymphocytes release proinflammatory cytokines ...
... which drive delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, or MHC class I restricted CD8+ T cells which mediate direct cytotoxicity. The cellular response is principally directed against intracellular pathogens (5). During the effector phase of DTH, Th1 lymphocytes release proinflammatory cytokines ...
The role of B cells in bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis
... both systems. In RA, the immune disturbance results in abnormal bone remodeling leading to bone loss. It is becoming clear that immune cells influence bone remodeling and vice versa. The interaction between immune progenitor cells and bone cells is facilitated by their proximity in the bone marrow, ...
... both systems. In RA, the immune disturbance results in abnormal bone remodeling leading to bone loss. It is becoming clear that immune cells influence bone remodeling and vice versa. The interaction between immune progenitor cells and bone cells is facilitated by their proximity in the bone marrow, ...
Progress in the fight against Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer
... of T lymphocytes to produce a specific cell – called a “T body” (or CAR T-Cell)– that can be used to fight cancer. These genetically-engineered T cells have been shown to effectively kill human tumor cells both in vitro, and in experimental model systems in animals. In preclinical animal models sy ...
... of T lymphocytes to produce a specific cell – called a “T body” (or CAR T-Cell)– that can be used to fight cancer. These genetically-engineered T cells have been shown to effectively kill human tumor cells both in vitro, and in experimental model systems in animals. In preclinical animal models sy ...
The Heart Lecture Outline
... 1. Cardiac muscle is striated and contraction occurs via the sliding filament mechanism. 2. The cells are short, fat, and branched, and each cardiac muscle fiber has one or two large, pale, centrally located nuclei. 3. Intercellular space is filled with a matrix of loose connective tissue that conne ...
... 1. Cardiac muscle is striated and contraction occurs via the sliding filament mechanism. 2. The cells are short, fat, and branched, and each cardiac muscle fiber has one or two large, pale, centrally located nuclei. 3. Intercellular space is filled with a matrix of loose connective tissue that conne ...
PDF - Laboratoire
... after 1 h of bacterial exposure) are specific to gliarin, a protein previously described in H. medicinalis glial cells [28]. These proteins are representatives of two of the three types of cytoskeletal filaments, microfilaments and intermediate filaments, respectively [28–30]. Spot 2220, up-regulate ...
... after 1 h of bacterial exposure) are specific to gliarin, a protein previously described in H. medicinalis glial cells [28]. These proteins are representatives of two of the three types of cytoskeletal filaments, microfilaments and intermediate filaments, respectively [28–30]. Spot 2220, up-regulate ...
Fatty acids and immune function: new insights into mechanisms
... that other interactions between antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes were affected by dietary n-3 PUFAs. Indeed, levels of CD2, CD11a and CD18 were also decreased on dendritic cells from fish oil-fed rats46. Recently the effect of PUFAs on MHC I expression and on MHC I-mediated antigen present ...
... that other interactions between antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes were affected by dietary n-3 PUFAs. Indeed, levels of CD2, CD11a and CD18 were also decreased on dendritic cells from fish oil-fed rats46. Recently the effect of PUFAs on MHC I expression and on MHC I-mediated antigen present ...
No Evidence for Decay in the Latent Reservoir in HIV
... was inversely correlated with log IUPM, after adjustment for baseline CD4 count, there was no evidence for an association between T cell activation & IUPM (repeated measures analysis). • Among subjects with HIV RNA <50, at week 48 there was no evidence for a difference in immune activation between t ...
... was inversely correlated with log IUPM, after adjustment for baseline CD4 count, there was no evidence for an association between T cell activation & IUPM (repeated measures analysis). • Among subjects with HIV RNA <50, at week 48 there was no evidence for a difference in immune activation between t ...
PROPERTIES OF THE AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE FOR POTENTIAL
... of these cells. It has been reported that an average yield is more than 100 million AECs per amnion collected (Miki et al., 2005). With attention to the robust proliferation of these cells in the presence of certain growth factors such as EGF, large numbers of stem cells could potentially be availab ...
... of these cells. It has been reported that an average yield is more than 100 million AECs per amnion collected (Miki et al., 2005). With attention to the robust proliferation of these cells in the presence of certain growth factors such as EGF, large numbers of stem cells could potentially be availab ...
Malnutrition: The Leading Cause of Immune Deficiency Diseases
... are important in supporting various cellular functions critical for an effective immune response. Among them, nutrients are needed to support: • Non-specific defense components, which are needed to defend against any type of infection. These include the synthesis of interferon and the optimum functi ...
... are important in supporting various cellular functions critical for an effective immune response. Among them, nutrients are needed to support: • Non-specific defense components, which are needed to defend against any type of infection. These include the synthesis of interferon and the optimum functi ...
Regulated MIP-3/CCL20 production by human intestinal epithelium
... (TNF)-␣ or interleukin (IL)-1␣ or in response to infection with enteric pathogens, intestinal epithelial cells upregulate a program of genes whose products can signal the onset of an acute mucosal inflammatory response characterized by an influx of neutrophils and monocytes (9, 10, 21, 23, 29, 32, 3 ...
... (TNF)-␣ or interleukin (IL)-1␣ or in response to infection with enteric pathogens, intestinal epithelial cells upregulate a program of genes whose products can signal the onset of an acute mucosal inflammatory response characterized by an influx of neutrophils and monocytes (9, 10, 21, 23, 29, 32, 3 ...
The hepatitis C virus enigma
... adaptation of HCV to new selection pressures such as immune responses and antiviral therapy. HCV has a profound impact on the immune system of the host, not only through evasion and modification of the immune response, but also through a direct tropism for immune cells such as B lymphocytes. The viru ...
... adaptation of HCV to new selection pressures such as immune responses and antiviral therapy. HCV has a profound impact on the immune system of the host, not only through evasion and modification of the immune response, but also through a direct tropism for immune cells such as B lymphocytes. The viru ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.