Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and dermatological - HAL
... It is now established that these plasmacytoid monocytes or plasmacytoid T cells that were described in the 1980’s were actually PDC (13). Jessner Kanoff disease and lupus belong to the same spectrum of dermatosis that can be photoinduced. PDC are found in large quantities by immunohistochemistry in ...
... It is now established that these plasmacytoid monocytes or plasmacytoid T cells that were described in the 1980’s were actually PDC (13). Jessner Kanoff disease and lupus belong to the same spectrum of dermatosis that can be photoinduced. PDC are found in large quantities by immunohistochemistry in ...
Immune hemolytic anemia associated with drug therapy
... Using equilibrium dialysis, Shulman also showed that the association between cells and drugs was much too weak to account for the large amount of antibody that the same cell adsorbed; however, drug antibodies were shown to combine efficiently with drug in the absence of cells. Thus, he suggested that ...
... Using equilibrium dialysis, Shulman also showed that the association between cells and drugs was much too weak to account for the large amount of antibody that the same cell adsorbed; however, drug antibodies were shown to combine efficiently with drug in the absence of cells. Thus, he suggested that ...
Immune response and virus population composition: HIV as a case
... but not to create a coherent impression of the various aspects of the disease (but see Nowak and May 1994). Cell-directed immune response carried out by TC-cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes; CTL) is the major weapon deployed by the immune system in its struggle against HIV (Ogg et al. 1999). The nature ...
... but not to create a coherent impression of the various aspects of the disease (but see Nowak and May 1994). Cell-directed immune response carried out by TC-cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes; CTL) is the major weapon deployed by the immune system in its struggle against HIV (Ogg et al. 1999). The nature ...
Lymphatic System
... A-Acquired- this disease isn’t inherited or caused by any form of medication. I-Immuno- refers to the body’s natural defenses against cancer, disease, and infections. D-Deficiency- lacking in cellular immunity S-Syndrome- the set of diseases or conditions that are present to signal the diagnosis. ...
... A-Acquired- this disease isn’t inherited or caused by any form of medication. I-Immuno- refers to the body’s natural defenses against cancer, disease, and infections. D-Deficiency- lacking in cellular immunity S-Syndrome- the set of diseases or conditions that are present to signal the diagnosis. ...
... Several proteins and peptides with antimicrobial activity that act on invading pathogens are secreted into the airway surface liquid (ASL) by the airway itself (27). The antimicrobial products (AP) produced by the airway can be small cationic molecules, such as the β-defensins, LL-37, and CCL20, or ...
CCAC guidelines on: antibody production, 2002
... system of an animal in a specific response to a challenge by an immunogen. The immune system acts through two principal mechanisms: humoral type responses (production of antibodies) and cell-mediated responses. Immunogens (antigens) are molecules which can induce a specific immune response and are u ...
... system of an animal in a specific response to a challenge by an immunogen. The immune system acts through two principal mechanisms: humoral type responses (production of antibodies) and cell-mediated responses. Immunogens (antigens) are molecules which can induce a specific immune response and are u ...
PATHOGENESIS OF AN EMERGING PATHOGEN – CRIMEAN
... infection and/or indirectly by soluble mediators released from infected immune cells leading to the observed hemorrhage and vascular permeability. The main aims of this thesis were to study the direct and indirect effect of viral replication on epithelial and immune cells as a possible contribution ...
... infection and/or indirectly by soluble mediators released from infected immune cells leading to the observed hemorrhage and vascular permeability. The main aims of this thesis were to study the direct and indirect effect of viral replication on epithelial and immune cells as a possible contribution ...
Gram Reaction
... - a substance recognized by T and B cell receptors Immunogen - a substance capable of eliciting immune response Hapten - a substance of low molecular weight, that can bind antibodies but induce response only if covalently attached to large carrier ...
... - a substance recognized by T and B cell receptors Immunogen - a substance capable of eliciting immune response Hapten - a substance of low molecular weight, that can bind antibodies but induce response only if covalently attached to large carrier ...
Biological Activities of Complement
... together the two subsets of lymphocytes and the macrophages required for this response (Pepys, 1 9 7 4 ~ ;Arnaiz-Villena & Roitt, 1975). At variance with this are reports of T-lymphocyte-dependent responses in the absence of complement (Waldmann & Lachmann, 1975) and normal antibody concentrations i ...
... together the two subsets of lymphocytes and the macrophages required for this response (Pepys, 1 9 7 4 ~ ;Arnaiz-Villena & Roitt, 1975). At variance with this are reports of T-lymphocyte-dependent responses in the absence of complement (Waldmann & Lachmann, 1975) and normal antibody concentrations i ...
Lymphatic System
... The spleen serves two major functions in the body: 1. It is responsible for the destruction of old red blood cells (RBC), 2. It is a major site for mounting the immune response. The spleen behaves similar to a lymph node but instead of filtering the lymphatic fluid it filters the blood. Blood enteri ...
... The spleen serves two major functions in the body: 1. It is responsible for the destruction of old red blood cells (RBC), 2. It is a major site for mounting the immune response. The spleen behaves similar to a lymph node but instead of filtering the lymphatic fluid it filters the blood. Blood enteri ...
The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Murine Early Embryo Loss.
... necrosis factor (TNF) have shown to be resistant to lysis. Thus far, the only cells capable of killing trophoblast cells is lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK) both in humans (King & Loke, 1990) and mice (Drake & Head, 1989). However, generation ofLAKs requires interleukin-2 and rô T cells may ...
... necrosis factor (TNF) have shown to be resistant to lysis. Thus far, the only cells capable of killing trophoblast cells is lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK) both in humans (King & Loke, 1990) and mice (Drake & Head, 1989). However, generation ofLAKs requires interleukin-2 and rô T cells may ...
Colostro Noni - Inflammation and cell signaling - Review 2014
... The intestinal epithelium represents the battlefield of immunotolerance and its integrity is a fundamental prerequisite for homeostasis maintenance. In presence of structural or functional epithelial alterations (such as mucosal lesions or impaired permeability conditions) the stable environment bet ...
... The intestinal epithelium represents the battlefield of immunotolerance and its integrity is a fundamental prerequisite for homeostasis maintenance. In presence of structural or functional epithelial alterations (such as mucosal lesions or impaired permeability conditions) the stable environment bet ...
get PDF-file
... U Monocytes/macrophages frequently infiltrate malignant gliomas and play a central role in the tumor-associated immune response as they process tumor antigen and present it to T-lymphocytes. Findings have accumulated that peripheral blood monocytes leaving the cerebral circulation become microglial ...
... U Monocytes/macrophages frequently infiltrate malignant gliomas and play a central role in the tumor-associated immune response as they process tumor antigen and present it to T-lymphocytes. Findings have accumulated that peripheral blood monocytes leaving the cerebral circulation become microglial ...
Sniðmát meistaraverkefnis HÍ
... activates the lymphocyte. The B and T-cells have similar receptors on their surface but they do not recognize or respond to antigens in the same manner. The B-cell receptor is a membrane bound immunoglobulin (Ig) and when an antigen, that this receptor is specific for, has bound to the receptor the ...
... activates the lymphocyte. The B and T-cells have similar receptors on their surface but they do not recognize or respond to antigens in the same manner. The B-cell receptor is a membrane bound immunoglobulin (Ig) and when an antigen, that this receptor is specific for, has bound to the receptor the ...
The Body`s Defenses
... • While they do not seem to benefit the infected cell, these proteins diffuse to neighboring cells and induce them to produce other chemicals that inhibit viral reproduction. • Interferon limits cell-to-cell spread of viruses, helping to control viral infection. • Because they are nonspecific, inter ...
... • While they do not seem to benefit the infected cell, these proteins diffuse to neighboring cells and induce them to produce other chemicals that inhibit viral reproduction. • Interferon limits cell-to-cell spread of viruses, helping to control viral infection. • Because they are nonspecific, inter ...
High mortality among young Wetterhoun dogs due to an
... pups it is imperative to find the origin of this immune-mediated problem and more important to find out if it is possible to diagnose the disorder in an early stadium. This way it might be possible to prevent part of the traumatizing experience for the new owner, because the pup is kept with the bre ...
... pups it is imperative to find the origin of this immune-mediated problem and more important to find out if it is possible to diagnose the disorder in an early stadium. This way it might be possible to prevent part of the traumatizing experience for the new owner, because the pup is kept with the bre ...
Nerve activates contraction
... • While they do not seem to benefit the infected cell, these proteins diffuse to neighboring cells and induce them to produce other chemicals that inhibit viral reproduction. • Interferon limits cell-to-cell spread of viruses, helping to control viral infection. • Because they are nonspecific, inter ...
... • While they do not seem to benefit the infected cell, these proteins diffuse to neighboring cells and induce them to produce other chemicals that inhibit viral reproduction. • Interferon limits cell-to-cell spread of viruses, helping to control viral infection. • Because they are nonspecific, inter ...
Rapid Detection of Klebsiella Pneumoniae by Capsular Polysaccharide Antigen
... ELISA and so on. The problems with most of the reported antibody and antigen detection assays so far have been the low reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity with high cost. The reason being ,most of the antigenic moieties and polyclonal antibodies used are common to many related and unrelated ...
... ELISA and so on. The problems with most of the reported antibody and antigen detection assays so far have been the low reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity with high cost. The reason being ,most of the antigenic moieties and polyclonal antibodies used are common to many related and unrelated ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
... suspended in the air for several hours. Infection occurs if inhalation of these droplets results in the organism reaching the alveoli of the lungs. Only 10% of immunocompetent people infected with M. tuberculosis develop active disease in their lifetime - the other 90% do not become ill and cannot t ...
... suspended in the air for several hours. Infection occurs if inhalation of these droplets results in the organism reaching the alveoli of the lungs. Only 10% of immunocompetent people infected with M. tuberculosis develop active disease in their lifetime - the other 90% do not become ill and cannot t ...
Protozoan Parasite Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors from a
... Trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi (Y strain) were obtained from the supernatant of LLC-MK2 cells 6 – 8 days after infection with 10 trypomastigotes per cell. Epimastigote forms, from either Y or CL strain, were grown at 28°C in cell-free liver infusion tryptose medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Live ...
... Trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi (Y strain) were obtained from the supernatant of LLC-MK2 cells 6 – 8 days after infection with 10 trypomastigotes per cell. Epimastigote forms, from either Y or CL strain, were grown at 28°C in cell-free liver infusion tryptose medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Live ...
Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type I Induces Adult T
... The first is the presence of morphologically proven lymphoid malignancy with T-cell surface antigens (typically CD4+, CD25+). These abnormal T lymphocytes have hyper-lobulated nuclei in acute ATL and are known as “flower cells.” On the other hand, in the indolent types of ATL, smoldering and chronic ...
... The first is the presence of morphologically proven lymphoid malignancy with T-cell surface antigens (typically CD4+, CD25+). These abnormal T lymphocytes have hyper-lobulated nuclei in acute ATL and are known as “flower cells.” On the other hand, in the indolent types of ATL, smoldering and chronic ...
Gut microbial short-chain fatty acids in host defense and immune
... microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid acetate protects mice from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157-infectious death. We have also shown that butyrate produced by the gut microbiota promotes differentiation of peripherally derived regulatory T cells in colonic lamina propria through epigene ...
... microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid acetate protects mice from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157-infectious death. We have also shown that butyrate produced by the gut microbiota promotes differentiation of peripherally derived regulatory T cells in colonic lamina propria through epigene ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.