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HLA-A*02 AND ITS PROGNOSTIC TRAITS IN CANCER.
HLA-A*02 AND ITS PROGNOSTIC TRAITS IN CANCER.

... representation of HLA alleles in EOC compared to healthy Swedish bone-marrow donors where HLA-A*02 was overrepresented, also HLA-A*02 homozygotes were two-fold higher among EOC patients. The frequency of HLA-A*01 was also increased whereas HLA-A*03 was decreased. Combinations of A*02 with B*05, B*15 ...
Treatment-dependent Loss of Polyfunctional CD8+ T
Treatment-dependent Loss of Polyfunctional CD8+ T

... the long-term clinical management of HIV infection and chronic renal failure is now increasingly prevalent in the HIV(+) population. In fact, in HIV(+) individuals treated with ART, chronic kidney, liver and heart diseases have replaced opportunistic malignancies and infections as the leading cause ...
Broad and direct interaction between TLR and Siglec families of
Broad and direct interaction between TLR and Siglec families of

... Chen et al. eLife 2014;3:e04066. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.04066 ...
Plant-Microbe Interaction
Plant-Microbe Interaction

... the harmless non-self (microbial mutualists and commensals) from the detrimental nonself (pathogens). Danger signals are “damage-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs) that are released from the disrupted host tissue or exposed on stressed cells. Seemingly ubiquitous DAMPs are extracellular ATP or e ...
Biofilms
Biofilms

... plays a central role m helping microbes survive or spread within the host. That's because the slimy matrix acts as a shield, protecting pathogenic bacteria from antibodies and white blood cells, the sentinels of the immune system. Biofilms are also notorious for their ability to withstand extraordin ...
Exploring the Homeostatic and Sensory Roles of the Immune System
Exploring the Homeostatic and Sensory Roles of the Immune System

Nanoparticle surface charge impacts distribution, uptake and lymph
Nanoparticle surface charge impacts distribution, uptake and lymph

... interest to vaccine design are antigen presenting cells (APCs), which comprise B cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. 3,10-15 Alveolar macrophages (AMs), the main phagocytic cell in the lung, roam the airway epithelium, where they are responsible for internalizing, sequestering, and digesti ...
ArchanaYadav
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... an important factor for pathogenesis. Some surface and secreted factors of P. multocida have been identified for adhesion, but no single factor could be associated with the virulence of organism. It has been shown that highly virulent type B strains produce hyaluronidase enzyme which contributes sig ...
Double-Stranded RNA Induces an Antiviral Defense Status in
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... that they use several downstream signaling pathways leading to a broad pattern of gene expression, not only proinflammatory and immune response genes under the control of NF-␬B, but also genes under transcriptional control of IRF3. As a consequence, dsRNA, a stimulus for TLR3, protein kinase R (PKR) ...
Exposure to natural pathogens reveals costly aphid
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... exposure to Gram-positive bacterial elicitors and significantly decreased fecundity after exposure to fungal elicitors. However, unknown mechanisms may be at play as well, particularly given that insights gained into insect immune gene repertoires through genomics are revealing surprising deviations ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... the mechanisms used by five prominent commensal obligate anaerobes to modulate immune functions and maintain a healthy intestine are described. Finally, this review describes novel models that will enable the study of the interactions between the host and its mainly obligate anaerobic microbiota in ...
Here - Vanderbilt University
Here - Vanderbilt University

... stages of ingestion and before they reach the midgut. The cibarial armature is effective in limiting infection by large metazoan parasites such as filarial nematodes but does little to destroy protozoan, bacterial and viral pathogens. Once in the midgut lumen, pathogens must survive digestive enzyme ...
KUOPION YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA C. LUONNONTIETEET JA YMPÄRISTÖTIETEET 264
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... TNF-α secretion in PBMCs from healthy donors was used to identify the less calcemic 1α,25(OH)216-ene-20-cyclopropyl-vitamin-D3 (BXL-62) as a VDR agonist with superior TNF-α inhibitory activity (IC50:1.5x10-15M), compared to 1α,25(OH)2D3 (IC50:8x10-9M). This higher anti-inflammatory potency from BXL- ...
Processing of lysozyme at distinct loops by pepsin: A novel action for
Processing of lysozyme at distinct loops by pepsin: A novel action for

... amino acids with the most favorable cleavage sites at Phe, Trp and Leu residues [34]. Consistent with the biological relevance of the profound colocalization with cLZ of these proteases and the close similarity of their cleavage specificity, deficiencies in these enzymes have shown to underlie impor ...
Immune Senescence A Role for Immature Myeloid Cells in
Immune Senescence A Role for Immature Myeloid Cells in

... The reduced efficiency of the mammalian immune system with aging increases host susceptibility to infectious and autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms responsible for these pathologic changes are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the bone marrow, blood, and secondary lym ...
Susceptibility to tuberculosis is associated with variants in
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... The role of ASAP1 in macrophages, DCs and other immune cells has not been studied previously. To investigate it, we initially characterized the ASAP1 mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) in primary leukocytes of healthy donors and found that monocytes, B lymphocytes, C ...
The immune response to yellow fever vaccination in aged individuals
The immune response to yellow fever vaccination in aged individuals

... syndromes (Stanziano et al., 2010), it can be considered as a pandemic affecting world’s population. Thus, a better understanding of underlying physiological mechanisms of aging is imperative to facilitate efforts for the prevention of disease and the improvement of life quality of elderly people. ...
The Glutasyn Story
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... supplements like vitamins C and E. These substances act synergistically. GSH is considered the cell’s master antioxidant because it replenishes the action of many other antioxidants. For example, vitamin C and E cannot function adequately without GSH. When they pick up an oxyradical they must hand i ...
Expression of SpC3, the sea urchin complement component, in
Expression of SpC3, the sea urchin complement component, in

... (DeRosier and Edds 1980; Otto et al. 1979), and perhaps, unconventional myosin (D'Andrea et al. 1994). Consequently, quantitation of increases in profilin message content was used as a marker to identify the level of activation for coelomocytes from individual sea urchins after immune challenge with ...
Deep Insight Section Th17 cells: inflammation and regulation in Oncology and Haematology
Deep Insight Section Th17 cells: inflammation and regulation in Oncology and Haematology

... Figure 1. Pathogenic Th17 cells were induced by different patterns of cytokines or a chemical, and displayed a unique character in the expression of possible master regulators and chemokine receptors, respectively. Naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into Th17 cells, which mainly express Rorγt, in the ...
Anti-Aging Benefits of Bovine Colostrum
Anti-Aging Benefits of Bovine Colostrum

... replicate new cells. This inactivity, or identify the major anti-aging benAnti-obesity defense senescence, is associated with efits of bovine colostrum and to Anti-inflammatory protection aging, cancer, and shorter lifespan describe how its components Cholesterol reduction due to an overall increase ...
Asthma, inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatments: Controlling
Asthma, inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatments: Controlling

... discussion. These articles and discussion should not be considered to represent the entirety of scientific knowledge in these areas, but are chosen to illustrate certain points. However, the chosen articles are consistent with and are supported by the current scientific thinking in the subject area. ...
Human-specific evolution of killer cell immunoglobulin
Human-specific evolution of killer cell immunoglobulin

... HLA-A3 and HLA-A11 appears to be very peptidedependent, because only one peptide (derived from Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)) has been shown to be permissive for the interaction [43]. Less fastidious are the HLA-C-specific KIRs, for which around 40 per cent of the peptides that bind to HLA-C are compatib ...
Pathways Molecule-Dependent and
Pathways Molecule-Dependent and

... to previously unaffected regions due to global warming (24 –26). It is estimated that 30,000 –50,000 cases of JEV occur each year, resulting in 10,000 –15,000 deaths, although this number may be underestimated (22, 23). Additionally, 30 – 60% of surviving patients suffer from serious long-term neuro ...
Lymphatic System - El Camino College
Lymphatic System - El Camino College

... Thoracic Duct – collects lymph from rest of the body. It arises inferiorly as an extended sac – Cisterna Chyli, in front of 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae. Right thoracic duct is not present in all humans. Lymphoid Cells Lymphoid Cells – all lymph cells arise in bone marrow but get mature in different ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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