Disruption of Dendritic Cell Instruction Virus and Its Avirulent Vaccine
... a result of migration to the lymph nodes or apoptosis (8, 9). Virulent VZV is known to infect monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) generated in vitro (10–12). However, no functional defect of immature MDDCs after VZV infection has been defined (10, 11). Powerful Th1-like adaptive immune responses are essent ...
... a result of migration to the lymph nodes or apoptosis (8, 9). Virulent VZV is known to infect monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) generated in vitro (10–12). However, no functional defect of immature MDDCs after VZV infection has been defined (10, 11). Powerful Th1-like adaptive immune responses are essent ...
The Genomics of Emerging Infectious Disease
... essays, perspectives, and reviews about how genomics, with all its associated tools and techniques, can provide insights into our understanding of emerging infectious disease (http://ploscollections. org/emerginginfectiousdisease/) [1–13]. This collection, focused on human disease, is particularly t ...
... essays, perspectives, and reviews about how genomics, with all its associated tools and techniques, can provide insights into our understanding of emerging infectious disease (http://ploscollections. org/emerginginfectiousdisease/) [1–13]. This collection, focused on human disease, is particularly t ...
Progress in Autoimmune Diseases Research
... Despite our progress, we recognize that more needs to be done so that we may close the gaps in our knowledge and achieve our overall goal of reducing the rising toll of autoimmune disease. For example, we need to gain a better understanding of the distri bution of these diseases through epidemiolog ...
... Despite our progress, we recognize that more needs to be done so that we may close the gaps in our knowledge and achieve our overall goal of reducing the rising toll of autoimmune disease. For example, we need to gain a better understanding of the distri bution of these diseases through epidemiolog ...
Bacterial short chain fatty acid metabolites modulate the
... Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), predominantly acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, are bacterial metabolites with an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis due to their metabolic and immunomodulatory actions. Some evidence suggests that they may also be relevant during infections. Theref ...
... Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), predominantly acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, are bacterial metabolites with an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis due to their metabolic and immunomodulatory actions. Some evidence suggests that they may also be relevant during infections. Theref ...
GABAergic System in b-Cells: From Autoimmunity Target
... be to apply this treatment in newly diagnosed diabetic individuals or in individuals with autoantibodies who are at high risk for diabetes (20). Type 2 diabetes is a potential target of investigation for this therapy as well, although the optimal pool of individuals to be tested and studied may not ...
... be to apply this treatment in newly diagnosed diabetic individuals or in individuals with autoantibodies who are at high risk for diabetes (20). Type 2 diabetes is a potential target of investigation for this therapy as well, although the optimal pool of individuals to be tested and studied may not ...
Plasma Membrane Profiling Defines an Expanded Class of
... peptide present in the UL40 signal sequence acts to stabilize and maintain cell surface expression of the NK inhibitory ligand HLA-E [20–24]. Moreover, HCMV systematically suppresses cell surface expression of ligands for NK cell activating receptors. The HCMV glycoprotein UL141 plays a major role i ...
... peptide present in the UL40 signal sequence acts to stabilize and maintain cell surface expression of the NK inhibitory ligand HLA-E [20–24]. Moreover, HCMV systematically suppresses cell surface expression of ligands for NK cell activating receptors. The HCMV glycoprotein UL141 plays a major role i ...
Pathogenic E.coli - SHS
... Certain strains of E. coli, such as O157:H7, O104:H4, O121, O26, O103, O111, O145, and O104:H21, produce potentially lethal toxins. Food poisoning caused by E. coli can result from eating unwashed vegetables or undercooked meat. O157:H7 is also notorious for causing serious and even life-threatening ...
... Certain strains of E. coli, such as O157:H7, O104:H4, O121, O26, O103, O111, O145, and O104:H21, produce potentially lethal toxins. Food poisoning caused by E. coli can result from eating unwashed vegetables or undercooked meat. O157:H7 is also notorious for causing serious and even life-threatening ...
Distinct NKT Cell Subsets Are Induced by Different Chlamydia
... detected in the serum of up to 70% of healthy human beings implying that most individuals have had contact with these organisms (22). More recently, C. pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis (23–25). ...
... detected in the serum of up to 70% of healthy human beings implying that most individuals have had contact with these organisms (22). More recently, C. pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis (23–25). ...
Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective
... integrator of multiple IFN-inducing signals; 2) inhibitor-κB kinase ε, a key protein kinase that specifically phosphorylates and activates IFN regulatory factor-3; and 3) STAT2, the essential transcription factor for IFN-inducible antiviral genes [42]. In addition to NS1 and NS2, the G-protein itsel ...
... integrator of multiple IFN-inducing signals; 2) inhibitor-κB kinase ε, a key protein kinase that specifically phosphorylates and activates IFN regulatory factor-3; and 3) STAT2, the essential transcription factor for IFN-inducible antiviral genes [42]. In addition to NS1 and NS2, the G-protein itsel ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... humans [11]. In 1967, African green monkeys were brought from Uganda to Europe for use in vaccine production and biological research. They were infected with a “new” virus that resulted in deaths among the monkeys and transmission to humans. Seven deaths occurred among 25 primary and 6 secondary hum ...
... humans [11]. In 1967, African green monkeys were brought from Uganda to Europe for use in vaccine production and biological research. They were infected with a “new” virus that resulted in deaths among the monkeys and transmission to humans. Seven deaths occurred among 25 primary and 6 secondary hum ...
Reprogramming of Myeloid Compartments Supporting Tissue
... compartments and the emergence of MDSC during active and resolution phases of inflammation. We show that the immature myeloid compartment expands in bone marrow (BM) specifically at the resolution phase of inflammation during colitis transition to recovery. Additionally, we found enhanced levels of ...
... compartments and the emergence of MDSC during active and resolution phases of inflammation. We show that the immature myeloid compartment expands in bone marrow (BM) specifically at the resolution phase of inflammation during colitis transition to recovery. Additionally, we found enhanced levels of ...
PDF - Microbiology Society
... in 1985 as a lecturer in the department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and was promoted to Professor in 1995. Paul’s research interests primarily focused on the molecular basis of bacterial pathogenicity, but a chance observation in the early 1990s redirected his focus to the study of cell-to-cell commu ...
... in 1985 as a lecturer in the department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and was promoted to Professor in 1995. Paul’s research interests primarily focused on the molecular basis of bacterial pathogenicity, but a chance observation in the early 1990s redirected his focus to the study of cell-to-cell commu ...
Survival strategies of inside the human macrophage Mycobacterium tuberculosis Amanda Welin
... host cell occurs. However, although the bacilli activated inflammasome complexes in the host cell and IL-1β was secreted during infection of macrophages, Mtb infection did not induce either of the recently characterized inflammasome-related cell death types pyroptosis or pyronecrosis. Thus, we have ...
... host cell occurs. However, although the bacilli activated inflammasome complexes in the host cell and IL-1β was secreted during infection of macrophages, Mtb infection did not induce either of the recently characterized inflammasome-related cell death types pyroptosis or pyronecrosis. Thus, we have ...
The Euprymna scolopes -Vibrio fischeri Symbiosis: A Biomedical
... understood. A better understanding of the process by which bacteria and host cells exchange the signals that underlie these phenomena is an important research goal of biomedical research. Over the past decade the E. scolopesV. fischeri association, a natural and experimentally facile model system, h ...
... understood. A better understanding of the process by which bacteria and host cells exchange the signals that underlie these phenomena is an important research goal of biomedical research. Over the past decade the E. scolopesV. fischeri association, a natural and experimentally facile model system, h ...
Chapter 2 - Cell structure and organization 2
... the most important unsolved problems in biology. Nevertheless, it is clear that the major determinants of this final structure are hydrophobic interactions. During protein folding, hydrophobic amino acids must be hidden from the water interface by being buried in the interior of the protein. This bu ...
... the most important unsolved problems in biology. Nevertheless, it is clear that the major determinants of this final structure are hydrophobic interactions. During protein folding, hydrophobic amino acids must be hidden from the water interface by being buried in the interior of the protein. This bu ...
Detection of infectious bronchitis virus serotypes by reverse
... marker of 100 bp was as size marker for determination of the length of the amplified fragments (Figure 1b). ...
... marker of 100 bp was as size marker for determination of the length of the amplified fragments (Figure 1b). ...
Immunity to Intracellular Salmonella Depends on Surface
... could play a major role. Antigen detection by cognate CD4 T cells requires antigen processing and presentation of the resulting small peptides by major histocompatibility (MHC) class II molecules. Peptide sequence properties that are characteristic for well recognized epitopes, can be used for genom ...
... could play a major role. Antigen detection by cognate CD4 T cells requires antigen processing and presentation of the resulting small peptides by major histocompatibility (MHC) class II molecules. Peptide sequence properties that are characteristic for well recognized epitopes, can be used for genom ...
Asthma and pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis? PERSPECTIVE
... VIP gene. As reported earlier, such mice simultaneously express AHR with airway inflammation, together with PAH, pulmonary vascular remodelling and perivascular inflammation (fig. 2). Treatment of the mice with VIP reversed both sets of phenotypic changes, confirming that they result from the absenc ...
... VIP gene. As reported earlier, such mice simultaneously express AHR with airway inflammation, together with PAH, pulmonary vascular remodelling and perivascular inflammation (fig. 2). Treatment of the mice with VIP reversed both sets of phenotypic changes, confirming that they result from the absenc ...
HIV-1 IMMUNE RESPONSES INDUCED BY NATURAL INFECTION
... pandemic. The onset of AIDS is caused by a slow degeneration of the immune system as a consequence of HIV‐1 infection. Thus the infection may have a silent period for many years before onset of serious symptoms. During this asymptomatic period the host is highly infectious and the virus c ...
... pandemic. The onset of AIDS is caused by a slow degeneration of the immune system as a consequence of HIV‐1 infection. Thus the infection may have a silent period for many years before onset of serious symptoms. During this asymptomatic period the host is highly infectious and the virus c ...