The Role of Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Factors in Skin
... these vaccines produced robust humoral immunity, and proved efficacious in pre-clinical models, they did not prevent or attenuate infection in clinical trials [5]. The failure of these immunization strategies to confer protection in humans would suggest that antibodies alone are not sufficient to pr ...
... these vaccines produced robust humoral immunity, and proved efficacious in pre-clinical models, they did not prevent or attenuate infection in clinical trials [5]. The failure of these immunization strategies to confer protection in humans would suggest that antibodies alone are not sufficient to pr ...
T Lymphocyte Responses + Despite Augmenting Antigen
... numbers were increased by treatment with polyethylene glycol-conjugated GM-CSF rather than Flt3-L and in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Impaired protection was not due to dysfunctional T cell responses, as Flt3-L-treated mice had a greater frequency and absolute number of Ag-specific ...
... numbers were increased by treatment with polyethylene glycol-conjugated GM-CSF rather than Flt3-L and in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Impaired protection was not due to dysfunctional T cell responses, as Flt3-L-treated mice had a greater frequency and absolute number of Ag-specific ...
Chapter 1: Masters Thesis Literature Review
... within research and during early drug testing. Most mice are able to tolerate fairly high bacterial loads for an extended period of time, leading to a chronic state of infection rather than the low bacterial load latent infection seen in humans [18]. Despite this discrepancy the availability of many ...
... within research and during early drug testing. Most mice are able to tolerate fairly high bacterial loads for an extended period of time, leading to a chronic state of infection rather than the low bacterial load latent infection seen in humans [18]. Despite this discrepancy the availability of many ...
- Iranian Journal of Immunology
... immunomodulatory receptor in immune tolerance induced by MSCs in skin transplantation model and induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DCs) by MSCs through up-regulation of ILT3. Methods: C57BL/6 skin grafts were transplanted to the back of BALB/c mice. Recipient mice received MSCs on days 0, ...
... immunomodulatory receptor in immune tolerance induced by MSCs in skin transplantation model and induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DCs) by MSCs through up-regulation of ILT3. Methods: C57BL/6 skin grafts were transplanted to the back of BALB/c mice. Recipient mice received MSCs on days 0, ...
INTRODUCTION TO PLANT VIRUSES
... mainly due to the interactions that these viruses have with their hosts. For instance, vertebrates produce antibodies that counter viruses, whereas plants, invertebrates, and bacteria do not. Another factor that has contributed to advances is the simplicity of the system exemplified by studies on ba ...
... mainly due to the interactions that these viruses have with their hosts. For instance, vertebrates produce antibodies that counter viruses, whereas plants, invertebrates, and bacteria do not. Another factor that has contributed to advances is the simplicity of the system exemplified by studies on ba ...
Surface Protein-1 Carboxyl-Terminal Fragment of Merozoite
... following vaccination with a particular subunit preparation can be passively protected by adoptively transferred Abs. B10.BR mice are not protected following vaccination with GST-MSP119 (6). The reasons for this are not clear, but may relate to the titer of Ab induced by vaccination or to other fact ...
... following vaccination with a particular subunit preparation can be passively protected by adoptively transferred Abs. B10.BR mice are not protected following vaccination with GST-MSP119 (6). The reasons for this are not clear, but may relate to the titer of Ab induced by vaccination or to other fact ...
Light chain variable region diversity in Atlantic cod (Gadus
... there might not be a need for speci®c reactivity because the level of cross-reacting antibodies is already so high that they will bind to and eliminate any antigen entering the body. In conclusion, the variability of the immunoglobulin light chain of cod does not explain why cod do not respond with ...
... there might not be a need for speci®c reactivity because the level of cross-reacting antibodies is already so high that they will bind to and eliminate any antigen entering the body. In conclusion, the variability of the immunoglobulin light chain of cod does not explain why cod do not respond with ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroinflammation
... patients comprised HIV infections (5), bacterial meningoencephalitis (2), severe viral encephalitis (1), meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (1) and neurosarkoidosis (1). These findings are largely in line with previous studies, which have also reported elevated CSF levels in patients with MS, CIS ...
... patients comprised HIV infections (5), bacterial meningoencephalitis (2), severe viral encephalitis (1), meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (1) and neurosarkoidosis (1). These findings are largely in line with previous studies, which have also reported elevated CSF levels in patients with MS, CIS ...
Integr. Comp. Biol.-2011-Rollins-Smith-552
... experimental infection (Ramsey et al. 2010). Taken together, these results suggest that an adaptive lymphocyte-mediated immune response should develop to clear the infection. However, development of an effective cell-mediated defense appears to be impaired. Work that is currently in progress shows t ...
... experimental infection (Ramsey et al. 2010). Taken together, these results suggest that an adaptive lymphocyte-mediated immune response should develop to clear the infection. However, development of an effective cell-mediated defense appears to be impaired. Work that is currently in progress shows t ...
introduction to medical parasitology
... Medical Parasitology is the branch of medical sciences dealing with organisms (parasites) which live temporarily or permanently, on or within the human body (host). There are different types of parasites and hosts. The competition for supremacy that takes place between the host and the parasite is r ...
... Medical Parasitology is the branch of medical sciences dealing with organisms (parasites) which live temporarily or permanently, on or within the human body (host). There are different types of parasites and hosts. The competition for supremacy that takes place between the host and the parasite is r ...
full text pdf
... processes by modulating the functions of innate immune cells [12]. In this context, acidic extracellular pH (6.5) selectively stimulated the secretion of mature IL-1β from human monocytes without affecting the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and ...
... processes by modulating the functions of innate immune cells [12]. In this context, acidic extracellular pH (6.5) selectively stimulated the secretion of mature IL-1β from human monocytes without affecting the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and ...
IL-17/IL-17 receptor system in autoimmune disease
... cells and Th17 [81]. IL-27 inhibits the production of IL-17A and IL-17F by suppressing the expression of the Th17-specific transcription factor RORγ t in a STAT1-dependent manner [82,83]. IFNγ and IL-4, the cytokines for Th1 and Th2 lineage respectively, also mediate transcriptional-factor-dependent ...
... cells and Th17 [81]. IL-27 inhibits the production of IL-17A and IL-17F by suppressing the expression of the Th17-specific transcription factor RORγ t in a STAT1-dependent manner [82,83]. IFNγ and IL-4, the cytokines for Th1 and Th2 lineage respectively, also mediate transcriptional-factor-dependent ...
Mediated by Heat Shock Factor-1 (HSF1) Protective Stress
... this is the male germ cell. The temperature of the testes is tightly regulated at 30°C, and HSF1 activation in the male germ cell occurs at a temperature of 35°C (26, 28). Nonetheless, even in the testes neighboring interstitial somatic cells show a 42°C activation temperature for HSF1 (20). Because ...
... this is the male germ cell. The temperature of the testes is tightly regulated at 30°C, and HSF1 activation in the male germ cell occurs at a temperature of 35°C (26, 28). Nonetheless, even in the testes neighboring interstitial somatic cells show a 42°C activation temperature for HSF1 (20). Because ...
Aspergillus fumigatus conidia induce interferon-b signalling in respiratory epithelial cells C. Beisswenger*
... that the b-glucan receptor dectin-1 is required for the pro-inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages to swollen and germinating A. fumigatus conidia. Whether respiratory epithelial cells play an active role in the defence against invading fungal pathogens is not well understood. However, in re ...
... that the b-glucan receptor dectin-1 is required for the pro-inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages to swollen and germinating A. fumigatus conidia. Whether respiratory epithelial cells play an active role in the defence against invading fungal pathogens is not well understood. However, in re ...
oral graft versus host disease
... Aetiopathogenesis GVHD occurs when donor graft T cells recognize antigenic disparities between donor and recipient tissues. T cells are special white blood cells that are able to recognize foreign matter in the body. Usually, T cells orchestrate attacks on bacteria, viruses and other foreign substan ...
... Aetiopathogenesis GVHD occurs when donor graft T cells recognize antigenic disparities between donor and recipient tissues. T cells are special white blood cells that are able to recognize foreign matter in the body. Usually, T cells orchestrate attacks on bacteria, viruses and other foreign substan ...
Proliferation T Cell + Nonredundantly Stimulates CD8
... homing to the lungs during a Th2 response (39), we used wild-type rather than IL-4R␣-deficient mice for this experiment. Intratracheal inoculation with dust mite allergen was used to induce a strong pulmonary Th2 response before treating mice with anti-IL4R␣ or control mAbs 2 days before terminating ...
... homing to the lungs during a Th2 response (39), we used wild-type rather than IL-4R␣-deficient mice for this experiment. Intratracheal inoculation with dust mite allergen was used to induce a strong pulmonary Th2 response before treating mice with anti-IL4R␣ or control mAbs 2 days before terminating ...
ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION............................................................................. 5
... of toxic substances, chemokines and cytokines. Further, they signal to the adaptive immune system by the release of different factors and monocytes/macrophages and DCs present antigens to adaptive cells through the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II, expressed on their cell surface. Also, mac ...
... of toxic substances, chemokines and cytokines. Further, they signal to the adaptive immune system by the release of different factors and monocytes/macrophages and DCs present antigens to adaptive cells through the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II, expressed on their cell surface. Also, mac ...
Food Lectins in Health and Disease: An Introduction
... digestion and our immune system in a positive or negative manner. The human digestive system was created to handle a variety of plant and animal proteins through the process of digestion and elimination. Some plant and animal proteins or lectins are severely toxic to humans and cannot be eaten witho ...
... digestion and our immune system in a positive or negative manner. The human digestive system was created to handle a variety of plant and animal proteins through the process of digestion and elimination. Some plant and animal proteins or lectins are severely toxic to humans and cannot be eaten witho ...
HIC1 links retinoic acid signalling to group 3 innate
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
dependent regulation of intestinal immunity and homeostasis
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
Exosomes: secreted vesicles and intercellular
... vesicles. In addition, although extracellular release of miRNA can be decreased by some drugs, the literature still describes heterogeneous results concerning the respective contribution of free (or protein-associated) miRNA, as compared to miRNA encapsulated in exosomes or other secreted membrane v ...
... vesicles. In addition, although extracellular release of miRNA can be decreased by some drugs, the literature still describes heterogeneous results concerning the respective contribution of free (or protein-associated) miRNA, as compared to miRNA encapsulated in exosomes or other secreted membrane v ...