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NK cells Interferons J. Ochotná
NK cells Interferons J. Ochotná

... The rearrangement of genes coding H chain 1) DJ rearrangement - excision a section IgH between D and J segment (runs on both chromosomes) 2) VD rearrangement - excision section between some V segment and DJ, if is rearrangement on some chromosome successfull, stops the regrouping on the second chro ...
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Human Herpesviruses

... Herpes simplex virus Initiates infection through mucosal membranes or breaks in the skin  Virus replicates in the cells at the base of the lession and infects the innervating neurons  Travels by retrograde transport to the ganglion( trigeminal ganglion for oral HSV, sacral ganglia for genital HSV ...
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IMMUNO-Immunology Instant

... Name of condition, disease, or immunodeficiency: Atopic dermatitis (AD) Is this a genetic or acquired deficiency? If genetic, is it a dominant or recessive mutation? There is probably a genetic link as patients with AD have increased serum levels of IgE and are deficient in a cell-mediated TH1 respo ...
Immunity Textbook
Immunity Textbook

... epidermis of the skin. These cells have a branched appearance and can engulf pathogens by way of endocytosis. Dendritic cells contain receptors that recognize non-self antigens that trigger endocytosis when activated. Reticular Cells Reticular cells (sometimes called fibroblastic reticular cells) ar ...
“The Immune System”
“The Immune System”

... Made in the thymus (T cells) and bone marrow (B cells) Stored in tonsils, spleen, and lymph nodes. ...
IMMUNITY MEDIATED BY B LYMPHOCYTES AND ANTIBODIES
IMMUNITY MEDIATED BY B LYMPHOCYTES AND ANTIBODIES

... * First line of defense against pathogens * Components ...
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TUTORIAL 5 Multiple Choices For each of the questions below

... ELISA failed to detect the antigen despite the use of a wide range of antibody concentrations. What is the most probable cause of this problem? A. The antibody has a low affinity for the antigen. B. The monoclonal antibody used to sensitize the wells is blocking access of the epitope, thus when the ...
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Chapter 17 Adaptive Immunity

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... produce antibodies that travel through the blood. Antibodies are proteins that match the molecular structure of an antigen, and bind to that antigen. This leads to the destruction of the antigen. ...
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The Body`s Response to Infection

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Current vaccine approach (2)

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MEGAMIN ACTIV on Viral Deseases

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Immunology. Understanding The Immune System. 2nd Edition Brochure

... immunological synapse, B–lymphocyte subsets, dendritic cell–driving of CD–4 + T–cell subset activities, biology of the CD–4 + T–cell TH17 subset and regulatory T–cell, cross–presentation, mechanisms of tolerance induction, immunoediting and tumor camouflage and the connection between inflammation an ...
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Adaptive Immune System Chapter 16

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2010 summer student project descriptions
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... proportion of effective agents can be neurotoxic. In these cases the dorsal root ganglia and the peripheral nerves are the most common sites of damage, since the central nervous system is protected by an effective blood-brain barrier. Despite the wellestablished clinical and experimental observation ...
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... T cells defend against pathogens inside cells, while B cells defend against antigens in body fluids. Cell-mediated immunity is genetically determined, while antibody-mediated immunity is acquired. Cell-mediated immunity is “specific”, while antibodymediated immunity is “non-specific”. None of the ab ...
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Non-specific defenses

...  Memory – after initial exposure, long term acquired immunity occurs through the production of memory cells; secondary exposure results in stronger faster response to previously recognized Ag  Tolerance – immune cells recognize self-antigens & “tolerate” (ignore) them, only going after foreign (no ...
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... 2. Where do T cells mature? A. Thymus B. Spleen C. Bone marrow D. Lymphatic system 3. An antibody is a _____________. A. Cell B. Lipid C. Carbohydrate D. Protein 4. What is proliferation? A. Rapid multiplication of immune system cells B. Production of specific antibodies C. Neutralization of antigen ...
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Cathelicidin Antibody

... Cathelicidin Antibody: One component of host defense at mucosal surfaces is epithelial-derived antimicrobial peptides. Cathelicidins are one family of antimicrobial peptides characterized by conserved pro-peptide sequences that have been identified in epithelial tissues and some myeloid cells of hum ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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