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Cytokines
Cytokines

... CXCL10 gradient CXCL10 (also known as IP-10) is a chemokine is secreted by IFNγ-stimulated cells. Only T helper 1 (Th1) cells expressing CXCR3, the receptor to which CXCL10 binds, are able to detect this chemokine and migrate towards it. CXCL10 induces the migration of Th1 cells from areas of low CX ...
Antibodies. Cell cooperation in immune response
Antibodies. Cell cooperation in immune response

... The cytotoxic response is concerned primarily with destroying virus-infected cells and tumor cells but also plays an important role in graft rejection. In response to virus-infected cells, the CD8 lymphocytes must recognize both viral antigens and class I molecules on the surface of infected cells. ...
Greatest Hits: Test 4
Greatest Hits: Test 4

... Antigens: Antibody Generating Compounds Non-Self ...
Immune System - Dr. Annette M. Parrott
Immune System - Dr. Annette M. Parrott

... The Body: The Immune System Chapter 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host Flash animation of a NK cell interacting with a normal body cell. Flash animation of a NK cell interacting with a virus-infected cell or tumor cell not expressing MHC-I molecules. Flash animation of apoptosis b ...
Innate immunity
Innate immunity

... Room: ...
MHC and graft reject..
MHC and graft reject..

... of all nucleated human cells and on platelets * HLA-A contains 24 different antigenic specificities, HLA-B contains 52 and HLA-C contains 11 ...
slides#5 - DENTISTRY 2012
slides#5 - DENTISTRY 2012

... Saliva • Saliva contains a number of materials which afford non-specific protection to the individual.  Lysozyme, a mucolytic enzyme: is capable of splitting sugars off the glycopeptides of the cell wall of many Grampositive bacteria, leading to their lysis.  Lactoferrin, which reduces the amount ...
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

- National Press Foundation
- National Press Foundation

... In monkey studies, removing killer cells led to dramatic increases in viral load and restoring Killer T cells in those same monkey studies led to suppression of viral load Individuals with high levels of Killer T cells have been shown to have low viral loads Two interesting groups of individuals — H ...
AIDS vaccines
AIDS vaccines

... rate defined as showing “unequivocal clinical benefit”, and the margin of error is wide, so it does not suggest that the experimental vaccine should now be deployed for general use. It is, however, enough to justify putting effort into improving this approach. Traditional vaccines work mainly by pri ...
A Proposition of an Auxiliary Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus, Type I
A Proposition of an Auxiliary Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus, Type I

... been established [1-3]. It follows that every antibody molecule in the vicinity of its receptor keeps repeating attaching to and detaching from the receptors. The reason why not “receptor” but “receptors” are because each antibody molecule may change receptors. It still follows those replacements of ...
abcellera announces successful completion of collaboration for the
abcellera announces successful completion of collaboration for the

... Vancouver, Canada (January 20, 2016) – AbCellera announced today successful completion of its first antibody discovery partnership with MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School. The project, funded by the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) under the ADEPTPROTECT ...
Team Publications
Team Publications

... T lymphocytes in the human body routinely undergo large deformations, both passively when going through narrow capillaries and actively when transmigrating across endothelial cells or squeezing through tissue. We investigate physical factors that enable and limit such deformations and explore how pa ...
Immun System/PART 2 The immune adaptive defense system
Immun System/PART 2 The immune adaptive defense system

... together with antibodies, and can bring PMNs to the region (via chemotaxis). The presence of PMNs may be further detrimental to the bacteria. In the classical description of inflammation an area is presented which appears macroscopically red, swollen, hot and painful, and with possible loss of funct ...
T cells
T cells

... Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF): glycoprotein regulating white blood cell production, activity, and survival ...
Chapter 16
Chapter 16

C-ImmSim: a model of immunological models - Iac-Cnr
C-ImmSim: a model of immunological models - Iac-Cnr

... Idiotypic Network theory C-ImmSim allows the user to define the antibody’s paratope (Fc) as a binary string. Therefore one can simulate the Idiotypic Network theory of Jerne [14]. Fc represents the constant region of the immunoglobulin molecule that can be seen by the immune system as an antigen on ...
The aim of this work is demonstrate probiotic characteristic of some
The aim of this work is demonstrate probiotic characteristic of some

... ...
Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host (Chapter 17
Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host (Chapter 17

... -chemical messengers used within immune system (proteins or glycoproteins) -many kinds, each has specific message Cells = T cells -originate from stem cells in bone marrow but mature in thymus, travel to blood & lymph -each only recognizes one antigen -when it binds to antigen, will undergo clonal s ...
Living systems are open system organized in a hierarchical manner
Living systems are open system organized in a hierarchical manner

... and cells. Basic characteristics are shared by all hierarchical levels and include the ability of a system to adjust to changes in its environment. Our general aim is to understand the reciprocal interactions between immune cell state/behavior and their environment in a global and integrated manner. ...
Notes on Immunodeficiency
Notes on Immunodeficiency

Tankönyv - immunology.unideb.hu
Tankönyv - immunology.unideb.hu

02. Lymphoid System lecture2010-10-01 03:421.2 MB
02. Lymphoid System lecture2010-10-01 03:421.2 MB

... Thymic Education Involves two processes CD4 and CD8 positive bearing receptors for “self” proteins are killed (clonal deletion). This type of removal is called “negative selection”- tolerance to self proteins CD4 and CD8 positive cells bearing antigen receptors that do not react with self MHC protei ...
Specific Defenses
Specific Defenses

... Proteins made in response to an antigen ...
The Lymphatic System
The Lymphatic System

< 1 ... 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 ... 514 >

Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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