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Fall of the Roman Republic
Fall of the Roman Republic

... • Peasants who used to be independent farmers • They lost their lands to rich creditors ...
Roman Grantham
Roman Grantham

... Caesar landed in Britain in 55BC, then again attacked in 53BC, but it was Vespasian under the command of the Emperor Claudius who established the Romans in Britain in 43AD. It is not known from either historical sources or archaeological evidence when the Romans moved into Lincolnshire. However, the ...
12. Early Rome
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... Rome (Ab Urbe Condita Libri). Events he describes below occurred 500 years earlier, long before the time he was writing, so his account may be inaccurate, perhaps with major errors. However, historians have not found any earlier sources. The section of Livy’s account in the data that follow begins i ...
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... A. A military leader named Marius became consul in 107 B.C. and began recruiting soldiers from the poor, landless farmers B. Marius changed the Roman army from citizen volunteers to paid professional soldiers. C. Soldiers became motivated by material rewards rather than a sense of duty. ...
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... never agreed to take the lion’s share, even when friends begged him to. Whatever he got, he divided among the bravest. In the eight years of this war, there was never any rebellion. The soldiers were always obedient and fearless in the presence of danger. ...
MEET THE ROMANS
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... from invaders and barbarians from Scotland. The other forts in Cumbria formed an extended network built to assume control over the land, and were all held by auxiliary troops. The forts on the west coast of Cumbria were built to ensure that barbarians did not try and attack England from the sea. It ...
Punic Wars Powerpoint
Punic Wars Powerpoint

Journey Across Time - Fremont School District 79
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Democracy - Cloudfront.net
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Greece, Rome, Byzantine Empire Review Packet

... Which factor was common to the societies in ancient Athens (6th–5th centuries B.C.) and in Renaissance Italy (A.D. 1400)? (1) Leaders were elected by a parliament. (2) Humanism was the central philosophy. (3) Civil liberties were given to all inhabitants. (4) Rich landowners had little power. ...
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Essay Question: Describe at least three similarities between

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... devise a better calendar. What resulted is called the Julian Calendar. He abandoned aligning the months with lunar cycles, and adopted months of 30 or 31 days length, keeping February at 28 days. He introduced an extra day in February in leap years. Sound familiar? Julius Caesar re-named the 5th mon ...
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ancient history - educa.madrid.org
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The mysterious Etruscans
The mysterious Etruscans

... metalworking as well terracotta. These art forms range from sculpture, such as the famous Arezzo Bronze (see ‘The Capitoline Wolf’ case study) statue of a chimera, to locally produced and imported Greek pottery, such as a Louvre Vase (see ‘The Image of Aeneas’ case study). Perhaps one of the most im ...
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Early Roman army

The Early Roman army was deployed by ancient Rome during its Regal Era and into the early Republic around 300 BC, when the so-called ""Polybian"" or manipular legion was introduced.Until c. 550 BC, there was probably no ""national"" Roman army, but a series of clan-based war-bands, which only coalesced into a united force in periods of serious external threat. Around 550 BC, during the period conventionally known as the rule of king Servius Tullius, it appears that a universal levy of eligible adult male citizens was instituted. This development apparently coincided with the introduction of heavy armour for most of the infantry.The early Roman army was based on a compulsory levy from adult male citizens that was held at the start of each campaigning season, in those years that war was declared. There were probably no standing or professional forces. During the Regal Era (to c. 500 BC), the standard levy was probably of 9,000 men, consisting of 6,000 heavily armed infantry (probably Greek-style hoplites), plus 2,400 light-armed infantry (rorarii, later called velites) and 600 light cavalry (equites celeres). When the kings were replaced by two annually-elected praetores in c. 500 BC, the standard levy remained of the same size, but was now divided equally between the Praetors, each commanding one legion of 4,500 men.It is likely that the hoplite element was deployed in a Greek-style phalanx formation in large set-piece battles. However, these were relatively rare, with most fighting consisting of small-scale border-raids and skirmishing. In these, the Romans would fight in their basic tactical unit, the centuria of 100 men. In addition, clan-based forces remained in existence until at least c. 450 BC, although they would operate under the Praetors' authority, at least nominally.In 493 BC, shortly after the establishment of the Roman Republic, Rome concluded a perpetual treaty of military alliance (the foedus Cassianum), with the combined other Latin city-states. The treaty, probably motivated by the need for the Latins to deploy a united defence against incursions by neighbouring hill-tribes, provided for each party to provide an equal force for campaigns under unified command. It remained in force until 358 BC.
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