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his master`s voice
his master`s voice

The Later Roman Empire 285 to 476 AD
The Later Roman Empire 285 to 476 AD

... Diocletian seems to have made a point of snubbing Rome and its senatorial classes. It is said that he did not visit Rome for 20 years after he was proclaimed Emperor. Although it is possible he made one fleeting visit very early on. However, Diocletian did replace the senate building in Rome when it ...
Virgil`s New Myth for Augustan Rome in the Aeneid
Virgil`s New Myth for Augustan Rome in the Aeneid

... leave the Underworld by the gate of delusive dreams, “Virgil represents his vision of Rome’s destiny as a dream which [Aeneas] is not to remember on his return to the real world” (qtd. in Knox 32). Through the gate of ivory lies oblivion, the state of being forgotten. It would not make sense, then, ...
Higher Classical Studies Specimen Question Paper
Higher Classical Studies Specimen Question Paper

... the context of the source, by expanding on points made in the source, or through references to area(s) of specific content the source has omitted, thereby limiting its usefulness. Example: Source B is useful for describing democracy in classical Greece as it was written by a leading member of Atheni ...
jeopardy test review
jeopardy test review

... 2. In the Find box, type CATEGORY 1 (all caps) 3. In the Replace box, type the category in all caps (for example, PRESIDENTS) ...
A Study of Greek and Roman Stylistic Elements in the Portraiture of
A Study of Greek and Roman Stylistic Elements in the Portraiture of

... portraiture, which range from almost unrecognizably veristic to semi-archaised,2 to nearclassical, though Livia’s portraiture never fully reaches the utmost idealized state.3 The distinctions pressed by these variants of portrait types are representative of both changes in the life of Livia—the dea ...
Quintus Sertorius and the Rebellion in Spain
Quintus Sertorius and the Rebellion in Spain

... his military strategy to utilize the strengths of both his legionaries and his clansmen. No other Roman general had done this before, and his success at doing so allowed for the initial accomplishment of his goals. ...
Settling the Wandering Kingdom: The Establishment of
Settling the Wandering Kingdom: The Establishment of

... Roman system, viewed his Visigoths and their other barbarian compatriots as being separate from the core Roman identity. Alaric was throughout the invasion of Italy pushing for a separate land for the Visigoths, as we see from the letter he sent to Honorius right before he sacked Rome.16 While it is ...
julius caesar
julius caesar

... the return of their beloved leader Caesar, who enters Rome with his friends Cassius, Brutus, and Marc Antony. A soothsayer speaks to Caesar the famous line, “Beware the Ides of March,” but Caesar ignores him. Would you have listened to a raggedy-looking person on the street trying to give you advice ...
A History of Roman Literature
A History of Roman Literature

... The present work is designed mainly for Students at our Universities and Public Schools, and for such as are preparing for the Indian Civil Service or other advanced Examinations. The author hopes, however, that it may also be acceptable to some of those who, without being professed scholars, are ye ...
Julius Caesar Article Review
Julius Caesar Article Review

... and represented a faction within the Roman Republic that were”…for the people”, or the common Roman citizen not the wealthy and powerful Optimates/Patricians. This position by Caesar would have made him despised by other wealthy and powerful Roman citizens. In 83 BCE Lucius Cornelius Sulla returned ...
Transcending Tragedy - BYU ScholarsArchive
Transcending Tragedy - BYU ScholarsArchive

... guilty of planting the seed in his heart. Because these lines are foremost within the text they are likely to convey and establish the identity of Coriolanus as someone who innately possesses the fatal flaw of pride. If the play stopped here this interpretation could very likely be true; however, as ...
Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte Papyrologie und Epigraphik
Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte Papyrologie und Epigraphik

... restricts the honorific practice to the wearing of gold garments and, chronologically, to the imperial period. Fifteen years later, Adolf Wilhelm discussed IG V 1, 1432, the well-known inscription from Messene on the land tax (oktobolos eisphora), which mentions the award of the chrysophoria to a lo ...
Messala - Inter-Disciplinary.Net
Messala - Inter-Disciplinary.Net

... who “had been the friend of Brutus” (2.2). This would have been Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus. Schooled in Athens with Horace, this historical Messala served as a consul, was an accomplished orator, and became a generous patron of the arts. He was even an author himself: Plutarch preserves part ...
and Hampshire`s “golden triangle”
and Hampshire`s “golden triangle”

Heroes of the Colosseum
Heroes of the Colosseum

... Modern historians seem to dispute the ancient Etruscan attribution and identify the origins instead in Campania, the region of Italy that today is centered around the city of Naples. 4th century BCE frescoes in Paestum depict armed pairs with Corinthian (Greek) helmets, spears and round shields. Ac ...
Death in Motion: Funeral Processions in the Roman Forum
Death in Motion: Funeral Processions in the Roman Forum

... of address. Overall, the emphasized body language underscores the importance of visual cues in an open space where a speaker’s words quickly wafted away.19 The reliefs also demonstrate the active role of statues whose location in the visual hierarchy is equal (or superior) to that of the human parti ...
Death in Motion - UCLA Department of Classics
Death in Motion - UCLA Department of Classics

... of address. Overall, the emphasized body language underscores the importance of visual cues in an open space where a speaker’s words quickly wafted away.19 The reliefs also demonstrate the active role of statues whose location in the visual hierarchy is equal (or superior) to that of the human parti ...
The Roman senate and the post
The Roman senate and the post

... The expansion of the size of the Senate was thus accompanied by a significant shift in the role of a senator.22 For the decade after Sulla, being a senator involved jury service and attendance at Senate meetings; but for a substantial group of senators, it involved little else. This transformation i ...
a previously unknown roman road
a previously unknown roman road

... research project was undertaken looking at the archaeology around Barcombe Roman villa. The project comprised field walking, geophysical survey and excavations. Placing the villa site within its landscape could potentially lead us to clues about further activities, such as agriculture or industrial ...
FREEDoM oF SPEECH IN RoME
FREEDoM oF SPEECH IN RoME

... Two periods should be distinguished in Roman history to answer this question: the Republic and the Empire. 1. The Republic. It is possible to differentiate institutional and non-institutional settings. The main institutional scenarios for freedom of speech in this period were the contio, the Senate, ...
Pompey Gale Article 2009-01-07
Pompey Gale Article 2009-01-07

Rain from God(s)? How can the reliefs depicting the “Rain Miracle
Rain from God(s)? How can the reliefs depicting the “Rain Miracle

... commander of the fateful army - he could be the Roman legionary commander seen on the Column relief, though this is highly speculative. The ‘Rain Miracle’ is also mentioned in Eusebius’ later writing history of the Church from AD 312: It is reported that Marcus Aurelius Caesar, being about to engage ...
CICERO AND THE TRIAL OF VERRES1 Toe legal
CICERO AND THE TRIAL OF VERRES1 Toe legal

... legislation against such an abuse of power and a legal mechanism for those exploited to seek redress, and despite the senatorial tradition of clientela (patronage), which obliged those who were empowered to give protection to those who sought assistance. Verres as governor had power, and the force t ...
use of theses - ANU Repository
use of theses - ANU Repository

... traditionalists who had been held in check for so long 10 • At the same time the frontiers of the Rhine provinces were moved forward about 40 kilometres, although this was more likely to have been recognition of the extent of Roman military control than outright territorial expansion (see below, p. ...
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Early Roman army

The Early Roman army was deployed by ancient Rome during its Regal Era and into the early Republic around 300 BC, when the so-called ""Polybian"" or manipular legion was introduced.Until c. 550 BC, there was probably no ""national"" Roman army, but a series of clan-based war-bands, which only coalesced into a united force in periods of serious external threat. Around 550 BC, during the period conventionally known as the rule of king Servius Tullius, it appears that a universal levy of eligible adult male citizens was instituted. This development apparently coincided with the introduction of heavy armour for most of the infantry.The early Roman army was based on a compulsory levy from adult male citizens that was held at the start of each campaigning season, in those years that war was declared. There were probably no standing or professional forces. During the Regal Era (to c. 500 BC), the standard levy was probably of 9,000 men, consisting of 6,000 heavily armed infantry (probably Greek-style hoplites), plus 2,400 light-armed infantry (rorarii, later called velites) and 600 light cavalry (equites celeres). When the kings were replaced by two annually-elected praetores in c. 500 BC, the standard levy remained of the same size, but was now divided equally between the Praetors, each commanding one legion of 4,500 men.It is likely that the hoplite element was deployed in a Greek-style phalanx formation in large set-piece battles. However, these were relatively rare, with most fighting consisting of small-scale border-raids and skirmishing. In these, the Romans would fight in their basic tactical unit, the centuria of 100 men. In addition, clan-based forces remained in existence until at least c. 450 BC, although they would operate under the Praetors' authority, at least nominally.In 493 BC, shortly after the establishment of the Roman Republic, Rome concluded a perpetual treaty of military alliance (the foedus Cassianum), with the combined other Latin city-states. The treaty, probably motivated by the need for the Latins to deploy a united defence against incursions by neighbouring hill-tribes, provided for each party to provide an equal force for campaigns under unified command. It remained in force until 358 BC.
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