TEXT Definition Chromosomal alterations are variations from the
... or added to the normal set of chromosomes. In most cases, aneuploidy is lethal in animals, so in mammals it is detected mainly in aborted fetuses. It is estimated that about 4% of human zygotes are chromosomally abnormal, but only 10% of them (i.e., 0.4% of the total zygote) survive to be borne. The ...
... or added to the normal set of chromosomes. In most cases, aneuploidy is lethal in animals, so in mammals it is detected mainly in aborted fetuses. It is estimated that about 4% of human zygotes are chromosomally abnormal, but only 10% of them (i.e., 0.4% of the total zygote) survive to be borne. The ...
The biased nucleotide composition of the HIV genome: a constant
... and the untranslated 5’ leader RNA are less A-rich than the pol gene (Table 2). The stability of the base composition over time also holds when examining smaller genome fragments, e.g. from the gag or pol genes, and is even true for highly variable genes such as env. The intriguing question is then: ...
... and the untranslated 5’ leader RNA are less A-rich than the pol gene (Table 2). The stability of the base composition over time also holds when examining smaller genome fragments, e.g. from the gag or pol genes, and is even true for highly variable genes such as env. The intriguing question is then: ...
iGenetics: A Molecular Approach, 3e (Russell/Bose)
... C) DNA segments that are stable. D) DNA segments that are unstable. E) DNA segments that code for proteins. Answer: D Skill: Factual recall 15) Genes influence all aspects of life because they A) are structural elements of the cell. B) regulate movement of proteins. C) produce RNA and protein needed ...
... C) DNA segments that are stable. D) DNA segments that are unstable. E) DNA segments that code for proteins. Answer: D Skill: Factual recall 15) Genes influence all aspects of life because they A) are structural elements of the cell. B) regulate movement of proteins. C) produce RNA and protein needed ...
FEBS Letters
... 1402-1 ligated into pVK100 [18] was screened using the digoxigenin-labeled dxr gene probe. Three of 400 screened cosmids showed positive hybridization signals. A restriction map of one of these clones (pAN005) carrying a 26.5 kbp insert of the S. leopoliensis genome was established (Fig. 2). Because ...
... 1402-1 ligated into pVK100 [18] was screened using the digoxigenin-labeled dxr gene probe. Three of 400 screened cosmids showed positive hybridization signals. A restriction map of one of these clones (pAN005) carrying a 26.5 kbp insert of the S. leopoliensis genome was established (Fig. 2). Because ...
Epigenetics - Institute for Cancer Genetics
... relaxed states (euchromatin) are conducive to transcription. For instance, non-transcribed telomeric and centromeric repeat regions are often silenced due to their compact heterochromatin environment, while highly active genes, usually located within euchromatin, are often expressed due to a more op ...
... relaxed states (euchromatin) are conducive to transcription. For instance, non-transcribed telomeric and centromeric repeat regions are often silenced due to their compact heterochromatin environment, while highly active genes, usually located within euchromatin, are often expressed due to a more op ...
The Gene Gateway Workbook
... freely available on the Web. It should take about 3 hours to complete all five activities. The workbook activities were derived from more detailed guides and tutorials available at the Gene Gateway Web site (http://genomics.energy.gov/genegateway/). The Gene Gateway Web site was created as a resourc ...
... freely available on the Web. It should take about 3 hours to complete all five activities. The workbook activities were derived from more detailed guides and tutorials available at the Gene Gateway Web site (http://genomics.energy.gov/genegateway/). The Gene Gateway Web site was created as a resourc ...
Genetic Causes of Phenotypic Adaptation to the Second
... for the following genes PDR1, GSC2, VMA13, MSP1, MSB2, SRO7, PMA1 and SEC9, respectively. The PCR conditions and primers used are listed in File S2. The hybrid strain (HO-BN) was transformed with each deletion cassette using the lithium acetate protocol as described in Gietz and Schiestl (Gietz and ...
... for the following genes PDR1, GSC2, VMA13, MSP1, MSB2, SRO7, PMA1 and SEC9, respectively. The PCR conditions and primers used are listed in File S2. The hybrid strain (HO-BN) was transformed with each deletion cassette using the lithium acetate protocol as described in Gietz and Schiestl (Gietz and ...
Molecular Evolution of Functional Nucleic Acids
... enzyme, while the catalytic domain of the former was 12 bases, which is smaller than that of the latter. These results indicate that the zinc ion, with which imidazoyl group is coordinated, could effectively work as catalyst. Perrin et al. obtained a modified DNA enzyme from a library of doubly modi ...
... enzyme, while the catalytic domain of the former was 12 bases, which is smaller than that of the latter. These results indicate that the zinc ion, with which imidazoyl group is coordinated, could effectively work as catalyst. Perrin et al. obtained a modified DNA enzyme from a library of doubly modi ...
Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, gyrB and catA genes and DNA
... of cells and nucleic acids prior to DNA purification. DDH was carried out as described by De Ley et al. (1970) under consideration of the modifications described by Huss et al. (1983) using a model Cary 100 Bio UV/VIS-spectrophotometer with a Peltier-thermostat-equipped 666 multicell changer and a t ...
... of cells and nucleic acids prior to DNA purification. DDH was carried out as described by De Ley et al. (1970) under consideration of the modifications described by Huss et al. (1983) using a model Cary 100 Bio UV/VIS-spectrophotometer with a Peltier-thermostat-equipped 666 multicell changer and a t ...
Evolutionary interactions between sex chromosomes and autosomes
... X-derived retrogenes, only one was re-inserted onto the X whereas the other 43 moved to autosomes 2 and 3. Thus, these within-chromosomal data further supported the interchromosomal analysis: the X chromosome tended to be avoided as an insertion site of retrogenes while a large excess of its genes f ...
... X-derived retrogenes, only one was re-inserted onto the X whereas the other 43 moved to autosomes 2 and 3. Thus, these within-chromosomal data further supported the interchromosomal analysis: the X chromosome tended to be avoided as an insertion site of retrogenes while a large excess of its genes f ...
Cloning
... (piece of DNA). The vector (which is frequently circular) is linearised using restriction enzymes, and incubated with the fragment of interest under appropriate conditions with an enzyme called DNA ligase. Following ligation the vector with the insert of interest is transfected into cells. A number ...
... (piece of DNA). The vector (which is frequently circular) is linearised using restriction enzymes, and incubated with the fragment of interest under appropriate conditions with an enzyme called DNA ligase. Following ligation the vector with the insert of interest is transfected into cells. A number ...
Epigenetic memory in mammals
... DNA in sperm chromatin is bound by protamines, a small percentage, only 1% in mice for example, remains bound to nucleosomes (Wykes and Krawetz, 2003). In humans 4% (Hammoud et al., 2009) to 15% (Gatewood et al., 1987) of histones are retained in mature sperm. Studies indicate that the remaining his ...
... DNA in sperm chromatin is bound by protamines, a small percentage, only 1% in mice for example, remains bound to nucleosomes (Wykes and Krawetz, 2003). In humans 4% (Hammoud et al., 2009) to 15% (Gatewood et al., 1987) of histones are retained in mature sperm. Studies indicate that the remaining his ...
Mechanisms of fast and stringent search in homologous pairing of
... a product within a biologically reasonable timescale (speed). Second, they must form a product that is durable enough to perform a subsequent function (stability). Third, the error rate must be acceptably low for the given system (stringency) [12]. However, in systems where recognition involves many ...
... a product within a biologically reasonable timescale (speed). Second, they must form a product that is durable enough to perform a subsequent function (stability). Third, the error rate must be acceptably low for the given system (stringency) [12]. However, in systems where recognition involves many ...
Comprehensive and Rapid Genotyping of Mutations - HAL
... redesigned due to the presence of the M13 linker sequence. In another assay [26], the CFTR gene was amplified in 30 amplicons with external primers and then sequenced using internal primers in 96-well plates. Redesigning all PCR primers was necessary and three amplification conditions had to be used ...
... redesigned due to the presence of the M13 linker sequence. In another assay [26], the CFTR gene was amplified in 30 amplicons with external primers and then sequenced using internal primers in 96-well plates. Redesigning all PCR primers was necessary and three amplification conditions had to be used ...
Commonly Used STR Markers
... All primers are designed and validated Markers are multiplexed and optimized Ladder is included in every reaction Come with positive control DNA Saves Forensic laboratories time and effort of all this optimization • More confidence in sharing data • Genotyping data gains confidence in court ...
... All primers are designed and validated Markers are multiplexed and optimized Ladder is included in every reaction Come with positive control DNA Saves Forensic laboratories time and effort of all this optimization • More confidence in sharing data • Genotyping data gains confidence in court ...
Package ‘GenomicFeatures’ October 14, 2014
... strand can also be a list-like object, in which case it indicates the strand of each exon, individually. Thus it must have the same shape as RangesList object transcripts (i.e. same length plus strand[[i]] must have the same length as transcripts[[i]] for all i). strand can only contain "+" and/or " ...
... strand can also be a list-like object, in which case it indicates the strand of each exon, individually. Thus it must have the same shape as RangesList object transcripts (i.e. same length plus strand[[i]] must have the same length as transcripts[[i]] for all i). strand can only contain "+" and/or " ...
use of genomic tools to discover the cause of
... Three sire families were identified as segregating for this trait. Genome wide linkage analysis using 104 microsatellite DNA markers was used to map the gene to ECA14 (LOD > 11.0). Four genes, namely SPARC, SLC36A1, SLC36A2 and SLC36A3, were selected from the region implicated by linkage and their e ...
... Three sire families were identified as segregating for this trait. Genome wide linkage analysis using 104 microsatellite DNA markers was used to map the gene to ECA14 (LOD > 11.0). Four genes, namely SPARC, SLC36A1, SLC36A2 and SLC36A3, were selected from the region implicated by linkage and their e ...
Methods for detection of point mutations
... fragments [13]. With RNA, larger fragments can be analyzed [13]. Screening of multiple fragments can be achieved by either restriction digest of larger PCR fragments [14] or multiplex PCR [15, 16]. To identify potential mutations, SSCP has been combined with direct DNA sequencing [17]. In several ap ...
... fragments [13]. With RNA, larger fragments can be analyzed [13]. Screening of multiple fragments can be achieved by either restriction digest of larger PCR fragments [14] or multiplex PCR [15, 16]. To identify potential mutations, SSCP has been combined with direct DNA sequencing [17]. In several ap ...
Genomic library
A genomic library is a collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism. The DNA is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA. In order to construct a genomic library, the organism's DNA is extracted from cells and then digested with a restriction enzyme to cut the DNA into fragments of a specific size. The fragments are then inserted into the vector using DNA ligase. Next, the vector DNA can be taken up by a host organism - commonly a population of Escherichia coli or yeast - with each cell containing only one vector molecule. Using a host cell to carry the vector allows for easy amplification and retrieval of specific clones from the library for analysis.There are several kinds of vectors available with various insert capacities. Generally, libraries made from organisms with larger genomes require vectors featuring larger inserts, thereby fewer vector molecules are needed to make the library. Researchers can choose a vector also considering the ideal insert size to find a desired number of clones necessary for full genome coverage.Genomic libraries are commonly used for sequencing applications. They have played an important role in the whole genome sequencing of several organisms, including the human genome and several model organisms.