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Bioinformatics Tools
Bioinformatics Tools

... Compare genes and genomes Infer the function of the genes and proteins Analyze the interactions between genes and proteins ...
Epigenetics
Epigenetics

... This is because not every gene is expressed in each cell. There are many opportunities to turn off and on a certain gene, and to alter its phenotype, such things like… ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... •Outline the process of meiosis, including pairing of homologous chromosomes and crossing over, followed by two divisions, which reults in four haploid cells. •Explain non-disjunction, and how it leads to Down’s Syndrome •State that karyotyping , chromosomes are arranged in pairs according to their ...
Survey: Ethics and Genes
Survey: Ethics and Genes

... whole genome research. Participants in the survey need have no prior knowledge about genetics and anyone can participate (see www.genomethics.org). The study aims to be the largest of its kind in the world and will be used to guide policy on how genome research studies should be conducted. This surv ...
Gene Q
Gene Q

... following experiment. Four pairs of ...
Me oh Mi!
Me oh Mi!

... What is the name of the procedure that is used to determine the paternity of an individual? ...
File
File

... Gene expression • In prokaryotes the coding sequence is a continuous piece of DNA (not interrupted) and the majority of these genes are organized into operons which are group of genes whose products have related functions and transcribed as one unit. • In eukaryotic genes are transcribed individual ...
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering

... –1. Isolate - cleave via restriction enzymes –2. Attach – “sticky ends” –3. Transfer – vector, usually bacterial DNA ...
Chapter 8: Genetic Epidemiology
Chapter 8: Genetic Epidemiology

... present in each human cell. • Chromosomes are made up of DNA and histones. ...
MUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS
MUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS

... most damage is removed and repaired, but some repair is inaccurate. ...
Option B - biology4friends
Option B - biology4friends

... 24 BLASTn (nucleotide BLAST) aligns nucleotide sequences. BLASTp (protein BLAST) compares the sequence of a protein by aligning the sequences of amino acids that make up the protein. 25 Gene function can be studied using a model organism. The mouse, Mus musculus, was used when looking at the leptin ...
Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms
Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms

... Plant biotechnology Using plant biotechnology, a single gene may be added to the strand. ...
DNA - BiVDA
DNA - BiVDA

... the synthesis of a complementary strand. The new and old strands are then reformed into a tightly wound helix. Although the replication process has high fidelity, errors do occur at very low frequencies (1 in 10 million). These errors form mutations, or changes relative to the original DNA sequence. ...
mutations
mutations

... Somatic mutations: mutations that take place in the body cells DNA , but do not affect their offspring. FYI- albinism can be the result of a somatic or germ-line mutation ...
Chapter 1 : Genetics 101
Chapter 1 : Genetics 101

... Many, if not most, diseases are caused or influenced by genetics. Genes, through the proteins they encode, determine how efficiently foods and chemicals are metabolized, how effectively toxins are detoxified, and how vigorously infections are targeted. Genetic diseases can be categorized into three ...
Cell Division
Cell Division

... Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO): - an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques ...
Mutations
Mutations

... 1. Chromosomal mutations: -entire chromosomes is affected therefore many genes are involved resulting in the most severe forms of mutations. A baby can be born with an extra chromosome or missing one chromosome. -Example: Down Syndrome Turner Syndrome ...
The Good, the bad and the ugly of Genetic Engineering
The Good, the bad and the ugly of Genetic Engineering

... • Insulin making bacteria And most importantly…… (haha) ...
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal Gene Transfer

... Viral DNA incorporated into recipient's DNA About 8% of human genome originates from viruses ...
File
File

Plant Nuclear Genome Size Variation
Plant Nuclear Genome Size Variation

... Why does the percent of non-coding DNA vary wildly among organisms with similar levels of cellular and developmental complexity? Hypotheses: 1)Selfish DNA – most non-coding DNA consists for selfish elements capable of proliferating until the cost to host fitness becomes prohibitive. 2)Bulk DNA – gen ...
GENE THERAPY: REALITIES AND PROSPECTS
GENE THERAPY: REALITIES AND PROSPECTS

... Though this technology is less than two decades, it has already been applied to treat patients. There is still room for development in the future. ...
Defined - cloudfront.net
Defined - cloudfront.net

... 1) How are proteins affected if the DNA code is mutated? Example: ATTCGAGG is mutated to ATTCGTGG 2) What is the difference between a point mutation and frame shift mutations? 3) When are mutations passed on to future generations? 4) What are germs cells? ...
rec07
rec07

... • The snRNA recognizes the splice sites through RNA-RNA base-pairing • Recognition must be precise: a 1nt error can shift the reading frame making nonsense of its ...
Unit 4 exam - Geneti..
Unit 4 exam - Geneti..

... 7. A mutation occurs in a cell. Which sequence best represents the correct order of the events involved for this mutation to affect the traits expressed by this cell? A. joining amino acids in sequence  a change in the sequence of DNA bases  appearance of characteristic B. a change in the sequence ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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