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Targeted Genome Editing for Gene Containment in
Targeted Genome Editing for Gene Containment in

... Black ash (Fraxinus nigra) is valued not only for commercial hardwood applications such as cabinets, paneling, flooring, and veneer, but also for food and habitat for wildlife. The wood is preferred by Native Americans for making splints for basketry. However, the emerald ash borer (EAB), an exotic ...
File
File

... formed. Therefore, people with PKU had lighter skin and hair color. ...
Genetically Modified Organisms and Food All modern agricultural
Genetically Modified Organisms and Food All modern agricultural

... modification, and introduction of DNA into a target organism; when the target organism is a crop plant  or domesticated animal used for food, the purpose is usually to impart to the target organism a desired  trait that is unknown or very difficult to obtain by traditional methods (those in use befo ...
Study Questions – Chapter 1
Study Questions – Chapter 1

... “Human mutation rate revealed: Next-generation sequencing provides the most accurate estimate to date” by Elie Dolgin in Scientific American, August 2009. “The real cause of obesity: It’s not gluttony. It’s genetics. Why our moralizing misses the point” by Jeffrey Friedman, Newsweek Web Exclusive, S ...
TEKS 5C – describe the roles of DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and
TEKS 5C – describe the roles of DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and

... (RNA), and environmental factors in cell differentiation 1. Unicellular organisms carry out all the necessary life processes in one cell. In multicellular organisms, each cell is specialized to perform a specific function. How do the cells in multicellular organisms become specialized? A A single nu ...
Leaving Cert Biology Notes - Genetics Definitions
Leaving Cert Biology Notes - Genetics Definitions

... An enzyme that digests proteins ...
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DNA and Individuality
DNA and Individuality

... • Change in # of chromosomes or structure –EX: • NORMAL HUMAN BODY CELL = 46 Let’s see this! • DOWN’S SYNDROME CELL = ...
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily

... Should be present in all taxa to be compared Must have some knowledge of the gene or other genomic region to develop primers, etc. Evolutionary rate of sequence changes must be appropriate to the taxonomic level(s) being investigated; “slow” genes versus “fast” genes It is desirable that sequences c ...
DNA LIBRARIES
DNA LIBRARIES

... fragments that collectively represent the entire genome of a given organism. • cDNA library-represents a sample of all the expressed mRNA’s from a particular cell type, particular tissue, or an entire organism which has been converted back to DNA. Thus represents the genes that were actively being t ...
NOVA: Cracking Your Genetic Code - Tri-City
NOVA: Cracking Your Genetic Code - Tri-City

... 8. Genes code for ___________. ...
Attenuated Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)
Attenuated Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)

... The genome of the Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV), a salmonid Novirhabdovirus has been engineered to modify the gene order and to evaluate the impact on a possible attenuation of the virus in vitro and in vivo. By reverse genetics, eight recombinant IHNV (rIHNV), termed NxGy according ...
DNA sequencer
DNA sequencer

...  Portion that carries genes was sequenced in 2003  Function of remaining 15% unknown and currently being sequenced  Sequenced portion studied to ID genes and assign functions  Proteomics: study of protein structure and function ...
GENeS “R” US - Nanyang Technological University
GENeS “R” US - Nanyang Technological University

... you’ll probably read about a new gene that some scientist has discovered. Therefore, we need to know more about how our genes work so we can understand more about ourselves. The lecture series GenesRus introduces students to general fundamentals of genetics, the history of discoveries in this field, ...
Notes: Meiosis
Notes: Meiosis

...  MEIOSIS IS THE FIRST STEP OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION!!!  Fertilization is the event when the sperm meets the egg. - Creates a single cell called a zygote.  Purpose of Meiosis: 1. To create gametes that have ½ the genetic information as the parent. 2. In INCREASE VARIATION in a population. ...
Variation in Inherited Characteristics
Variation in Inherited Characteristics

... Genes are segments of DNA molecules. Inserting, deleting, or substituting segments of DNA molecules can alter genes. An altered gene may be passed on to every cell that develops from it. The resulting features may help, harm or have little or no effect on the offspring’s success in its environment. ...
Lecture 8 - Brandeis Life Sciences
Lecture 8 - Brandeis Life Sciences

... of a gain in fitness (positive selection). ...
Bis2A 8.2 The Flow of Genetic Information
Bis2A 8.2 The Flow of Genetic Information

... In bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, the primary role of DNA is store heritable information that is required for encoding the organism in question. Understanding all of the ways in which information is encoded in a genome is still an area of active research - while we have gotten much better at qui ...
human-genome-project
human-genome-project

... • Repeated sequences that do not code for proteins ("junk DNA") make up at least 50% of the human genome. ...
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The Wild World of Biotechnology!! Applications Genetic

... e.g. making a tomato synthesize antifreeze proteins that are commonly found in fish ...
Lecture 22
Lecture 22

... Strategy is to make non-base pair erros and then fix them Risk of fix  new base pair Repair enzyme and polymerase cannot be perfect  noise << change in phenotype  no survivors if environemnt is changing quickly, no preadaptive variation New Sequences by Recombination a. Idea we already came acros ...
Final Exam Review Sheet
Final Exam Review Sheet

... (biolistic) system is used to genetically engineer plants (i.e., know how to genetically engineer plants for expression of your favorite gene) What are reporter genes and how do they work? Chapters 19 and 20 Know what genes have been genetically engineered in plants and what new traits they confer a ...
Chapter 14 - Genomes and genomics
Chapter 14 - Genomes and genomics

... as the predicted protein sequence of each, using alignment software. You would expect the greatest sequence identity from comparisons of the: ...
GBE 305 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY II
GBE 305 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY II

African Regional Training of Trainers workshop on the Identification and
African Regional Training of Trainers workshop on the Identification and

... • Chromosomes are Chapters in the Book • Genes are like Individual Recipes • Genes act as the Blue Print for Life ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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