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Profile Documents Logout
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ppt - ICS
ppt - ICS

... Explicit hand over: a node sends its zone to one of its neighbors (the one with the smallest one), before it leaves the system. TAKEOVER: If a node doesn't receive an UPDATE message from one of its neighbors for a long period, then it takes the zone (recovery). ...
Midterm Test - 18Jul08 - Solutions
Midterm Test - 18Jul08 - Solutions

ModelNet
ModelNet

Connectivity
Connectivity

... – Uplink port: allows connection to another hub or other connectivity device – On Ethernet networks, can serve as central connection point of star or star-based hybrid topology – On Token Ring networks, hubs are called Multistation Access Units (MAUs) ...
One Decoding Step
One Decoding Step

... • Routing protocols are used to detect such failures and route around them. – Convergence time is in the order of seconds or minutes. – End-to-end connections experience long outages. ...
Computer Networks
Computer Networks

Link - Indico
Link - Indico

... • Various time of performance of iterations from several minutes to 1 month • Large volume of input data (~ 2 GB) • and results for one round of experiment (1-5 TB) • The format of the output data didn't allow to work with results of experiments effectively • Lack of an assessment of operating time ...
Defending Against Collaborative Attacks by Malicious
Defending Against Collaborative Attacks by Malicious

... information to the destination in its route cache, it will reply with a RREP to the source node. When the RREQ is forwarded to a node, the node adds its address information into the route record in the RREQ packet. When destination receives the RREQ, it can know each intermediary node’s address amon ...
What is an IP address?
What is an IP address?

... Where X = Network and y = node ...
Chapter 10 Introduction to MAN and WAN
Chapter 10 Introduction to MAN and WAN

... All data passes over this circuit Telephone system is a common example Connection is dedicated until one party or another terminates the connection AT&T announced end of 2009 that they will begin phasing out their switched networks ...
ppt
ppt

... multicast group concept: use of indirection  hosts addresses IP datagram to multicast group  routers forward multicast datagrams to hosts that have “joined” that multicast group ...
Homework 6
Homework 6

... • Homework solutions done electronically can be handed in by directly uploading them to CMS. Please mail Ashwin ([email protected]) if you have any trouble with this. (1) (KT Exercise 13.4) A number of peer-to-peer systems on the Internet are based on overlay networks: rather than using the ph ...
WDM Multicasting via Optical Burst / Label Switching
WDM Multicasting via Optical Burst / Label Switching

... downstream sends request towards source to find alternate path. MC switch along the path acknowledges by establishing new LSP – no new modification to the SPT – no hiding of routes from IP layer – WDM need not know detail functionality of IP layer ...
Intradomain routing
Intradomain routing

... Why Do We Need ASes? Routing algorithms are not efficient enough to execute on the entire Internet topology Different organizations may use different routing policies ...
8- Routing
8- Routing

... Build the lookup table Manually? Is it practical? The answer is no. Flooding- Broadcast to all node except the one we have received the packet. ...
Lecture 6: Intra
Lecture 6: Intra

... reverse only help between two nodes - Can still get loop with three nodes involved - Might need to delay advertising routes after changes, but ...
Routing on the Internet
Routing on the Internet

... also incorporate the edge that is incident on that node and a node in T that contributes to the path ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... – carries local connectivity information – provides • shortest path route through network • default route for non-BGP speakers • relatively fast convergence time (~1 sec) ...
Link‐State Rou.ng 
Link‐State Rou.ng 

... •  D(v): current cost of path from source to node v  –  Ini.ally, D(v) = c(u,v) for all nodes v adjacent to u  –  … and D(v) = ∞ for all other nodes v  –  Con.nually update D(v) as shorter paths are learned  ...
Wi-SUN presentation
Wi-SUN presentation

... help ensure consistency of approach, share relevant experience, and address co-existence issues & potential interoperability, since these solutions will be used in the same markets in complementary ways. ...
ppt
ppt

... multicast group concept: use of indirection  hosts addresses IP datagram to multicast group  routers forward multicast datagrams to hosts that have “joined” that multicast group ...
DOWN - Ubiquitous Computing Lab
DOWN - Ubiquitous Computing Lab

... between clusters, nor can prototypes move once they have been place • This model is similar to ART but more simple and was before ART ...
or “Tipping Point Protocols”
or “Tipping Point Protocols”

... • Every beacon interval (BI), all nodes wake up for an ATIM window (AW) • During the AW, nodes advertise any traffic that they have queued • After the AW, nodes remain active if they expect to send or receive data based on advertisements; otherwise nodes return to sleep until the next BI ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... – called Ethernet address, hardware address, physical address, MAC address (media access), or layer 2 address ...
PPT - Pages
PPT - Pages

... • More complex topologies can provide redundancy. – But can also create loops. • E.g. What happens when there is no table entry? ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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