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Networks
Networks

...  Often within a building  Used for home networking  Every device can communicate with every other device  NMIT has a number of LANS for different reasons ...
Ad hoc on-demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol Based on Load Balance
Ad hoc on-demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol Based on Load Balance

... throughput of networks, by selecting the stable path. The results is as table 4. The AODV is to choose the shortest path, but these paths may be unstable and failed soon. We can get the conclusion that the AODVDF can assume a greater load than the standard aodv protocol in sparse node scene. ...
Network Layer (3)
Network Layer (3)

... • Circuit means a path between the source and the destination. • Real circuit switching has a physical path set up between the source and the destination, like telephone network – When you dial, a request is sent to the network, network finds if there are free links on the path and reserve that link ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... An Ethernet LAN Implemented Using Shared Cables ...
Graph Theory – Some Definitions A mathematical representation of
Graph Theory – Some Definitions A mathematical representation of

... high shortest paths number it has a high stress. This parameter is defined only for networks without multiple edges. The stress distribution gives the number of nodes with stress s for different values of s. As there is no formal definition of what a hub is, there exist different definitions for a n ...
PCEP-P2MP-MIB
PCEP-P2MP-MIB

... • The number of service providers to deploy real-time multicast applications using Multicast LDP (mLDP) across MPLS networks is increasing. • There is a clear need to protect these real-time applications and to provide the shortest switching times in the event of failure. • The scope of this documen ...
Topologies for Power Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Topologies for Power Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

... A smart sensor is a collection of integrated sensors and electronics . A wireless smart sensor network node are constructed using these smart sensors, so these individual nodes can be resource-aware, and resource-adaptive. The fields in which these networks include are space exploration, medicine an ...
3 MCS-042 MCA (Revised) Term-End Examination
3 MCS-042 MCA (Revised) Term-End Examination

... MCS-042 : DATA COMMUNICATION AND ...
Kuliah Komunikasi Data
Kuliah Komunikasi Data

... • Addressing is specified by the Internet Protocol ( IP ) • Internet protocol address or IP address – A unique 32-bit binary number – Used for all communication with the host • Each 32-bit IP address is divided onto two parts – A prefix and a suffix • Network number – A unique value assigned to each ...
The HOPI Testbed and the new Internet2 Network
The HOPI Testbed and the new Internet2 Network

... • Applications that demand very high bandwidth for relatively short periods of time • Backplanes for distributed computers or content distribution schemes ...
GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks
GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks

... are also close to the destination the information is supposed to travel. To calculate a path, GPSR uses a greedy forwarding algorithm that will send the information to the final destination using the most efficient path possible. If the greedy forwarding fails, perimeter forwarding will be used whic ...
Link-State   Routing Reading: Sections 4.2 and 4.3.4
Link-State Routing Reading: Sections 4.2 and 4.3.4

... • D(v): current cost of path from source to node v – Initially, D(v) = c(u,v) for all nodes v adjacent to u – … and D(v) = ∞ for all other nodes v – Continually update D(v) as shorter paths are learned ...
Data Link Layer
Data Link Layer

... Feedback based ...
Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching: An Overview of
Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching: An Overview of

... A new path is selected at an intermediate node Beneficial for connections spanning multiple hops and/or large distances May break TE requirements ...
Slides - The Fengs
Slides - The Fengs

... Tree building protocol (2) • For each round, evaluate the bandwidth we have to our parent. Also consider the bandwidth to the rest of our parent’s children. • If there is a tie (bandwidth differences between 2 or more nodes within 10%), break it by the number of hops reported by traceroute. • The c ...
Greg_Lab_Meeting_5-29-2012
Greg_Lab_Meeting_5-29-2012

... in a network equal to the number of shortest paths from all vertices to all others that pass through that node. • Betweenness centrality is a more useful measure of the load placed on the given node in the network. ...
uCast Presentation
uCast Presentation

... destinations • Three possible trade-offs to mitigate: – With longer packets – such as used in video streams – size not an issue – Compress destination header – trading space for computational time – In network aggregation – use train of packets that share destination list – but need synchronization ...
An Integrated approach to developing sensor network solutions
An Integrated approach to developing sensor network solutions

... – Nodes are allowed to cache only one segment – Nodes attempt to identify and cache segments not received by next hop ...
NAME: Computer Science 461 Midterm Exam March 14, 2014
NAME: Computer Science 461 Midterm Exam March 14, 2014

... b. Both IP routers and Ethernet hubs drop packets when there is congestion. c. Ethernet switches learn the location of hosts on their network by observing the frames they process. d. If an IP router doesn’t know the location of a destination IP address in a packet it receives, it will flood the pack ...
Assume a machine for which a char takes 1 byte
Assume a machine for which a char takes 1 byte

... b. Both IP routers and Ethernet hubs drop packets when there is congestion. c. Ethernet switches learn the location of hosts on their network by observing the frames they process. d. If an IP router doesn’t know the location of a destination IP address in a packet it receives, it will flood the pack ...
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11

... is shared between SS in TDMA fashion. – 802.16 MAC is a connection oriented service. Also connectionless service are mapped to a connection. ...
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) and
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) and

... Dynamic establishment of route table entries  Nodes lie on active paths only maintain routing information Destination sequence number  Prevention of routing loops  Avoidance of old and broken routes Maintenance of timer-based states  A routing table entry is expired if not used recently ...
lecture 7: interconnection networks – ii
lecture 7: interconnection networks – ii

Presentation on Network Topology
Presentation on Network Topology

... • Older LANs had a central mainframe computer and associated non-processing (dumb) terminals. ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Can limit or secure network traffic based on identifiable attributes within each packet. • Switch packets to the appropriate interface based on the destination IP address. • Can perform bridging and routing. ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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