Cell Metabolism Review
... ATP. Often energy is also released in the form of electrons (i.e. the organic molecule being broken down is oxidized). These electrons are carried by electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 (Note: when not carrying electrons the molecules are in the form: NAD+ and FAD) ATP is a central energy trans ...
... ATP. Often energy is also released in the form of electrons (i.e. the organic molecule being broken down is oxidized). These electrons are carried by electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 (Note: when not carrying electrons the molecules are in the form: NAD+ and FAD) ATP is a central energy trans ...
(DOCX, Unknown)
... oxidation and is endergonic oxidation and is exergonic neither oxidation nor reduction but must be endergonic because energy must be added to the reaction to get it to begin Indicate which of the following events occurs during A. Light-dependent reactions B. Calvin cycle 8. Oxygen is released A 9. C ...
... oxidation and is endergonic oxidation and is exergonic neither oxidation nor reduction but must be endergonic because energy must be added to the reaction to get it to begin Indicate which of the following events occurs during A. Light-dependent reactions B. Calvin cycle 8. Oxygen is released A 9. C ...
Puzzle - UBC Blogs
... ACROSS 1 membranous structure within chloroplast 5 pigment found in chloroplast that can be part of the antennal complex of a photosystem 7 ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate 9 organelle in which photosynthesis occurs 13 source of energy and reducing power 15 Crassulacean acid metabolism 16 spectrum of light ...
... ACROSS 1 membranous structure within chloroplast 5 pigment found in chloroplast that can be part of the antennal complex of a photosystem 7 ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate 9 organelle in which photosynthesis occurs 13 source of energy and reducing power 15 Crassulacean acid metabolism 16 spectrum of light ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation - Biology E
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
Chapter 9 Study Guide
... a. It produces approximately 3 ATP for every NADH that is oxidized. b. It involves the redox reactions of the electron transport chain c. It involves an ATP Synthase located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. d. It uses oxygen as the initial electron doner. e. It depends on chemiosmosis. ______17. ...
... a. It produces approximately 3 ATP for every NADH that is oxidized. b. It involves the redox reactions of the electron transport chain c. It involves an ATP Synthase located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. d. It uses oxygen as the initial electron doner. e. It depends on chemiosmosis. ______17. ...
Chapter #9 Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
... G. Stepwise Energy Harvest via NAD+ and the Electron Transport Chain 1. During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide & oxygen is reduced to water. 2. Electrons lose potential energy during their transfer from organic compounds to oxygen. 3. Electrons from organic compounds are ...
... G. Stepwise Energy Harvest via NAD+ and the Electron Transport Chain 1. During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide & oxygen is reduced to water. 2. Electrons lose potential energy during their transfer from organic compounds to oxygen. 3. Electrons from organic compounds are ...
Lecture_7
... by Complex I. QH2 leaves the enzyme for the Q pool in the hydrophobic interior of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The electron carriers between NADH and Q include flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and several iron-sulfur proteins. Four protons are simultaneously pumped out of the mitochondria by Complex ...
... by Complex I. QH2 leaves the enzyme for the Q pool in the hydrophobic interior of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The electron carriers between NADH and Q include flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and several iron-sulfur proteins. Four protons are simultaneously pumped out of the mitochondria by Complex ...
Chapter 3 Notes
... Pigments- molecules that absorb specific colours of light Chlorophyll- a green pigment that absorbs all light but green light Why is this? light can be transmitted (pass through), reflected (bounce off) or absorbed a green substance reflects green light and either transmits or absorbs all other ...
... Pigments- molecules that absorb specific colours of light Chlorophyll- a green pigment that absorbs all light but green light Why is this? light can be transmitted (pass through), reflected (bounce off) or absorbed a green substance reflects green light and either transmits or absorbs all other ...
Cellular Respiration
... time 2 high-energy electrons transport down the electron transport chain, their energy is used to transport hydrogen ions (H+) across the membrane H+ build up in the intermembrane space, making it positively charged The other side of the membrane is negatively charge ...
... time 2 high-energy electrons transport down the electron transport chain, their energy is used to transport hydrogen ions (H+) across the membrane H+ build up in the intermembrane space, making it positively charged The other side of the membrane is negatively charge ...
Cell Respiration Outline | Date: Mitochondrion • Structure o Double
... Oxygen is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain – H+ and electrons join O2 to form water. ...
... Oxygen is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain – H+ and electrons join O2 to form water. ...
Document
... The electron transport chain (ETC) uses the NADH and FADH2 produced by the Krebs cycle to generate ATP. Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane by a series of enzymatic reactions. The electron transport chain consists of a ...
... The electron transport chain (ETC) uses the NADH and FADH2 produced by the Krebs cycle to generate ATP. Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane by a series of enzymatic reactions. The electron transport chain consists of a ...
View PDF
... d) E’s “fall down” energy gradient from NADH to O2 and the stored energy is tapped to make ATP. Fig. 9.5. - Electron transport chain breaks “fall” into a series of smaller steps so the released energy can be stored. Rest is given off as heat. - Start at the top with NADH and end with oxygen capturin ...
... d) E’s “fall down” energy gradient from NADH to O2 and the stored energy is tapped to make ATP. Fig. 9.5. - Electron transport chain breaks “fall” into a series of smaller steps so the released energy can be stored. Rest is given off as heat. - Start at the top with NADH and end with oxygen capturin ...
Chapter 7 Study Guide
... are frequently the targets for physical and chemical agents used in control of microbes. Energy is the capacity of a system to perform work. It is consumed in endergonic reactions and is released in exergonic reactions. Extracting energy requires a series of electron carriers arrayed in a redox chai ...
... are frequently the targets for physical and chemical agents used in control of microbes. Energy is the capacity of a system to perform work. It is consumed in endergonic reactions and is released in exergonic reactions. Extracting energy requires a series of electron carriers arrayed in a redox chai ...
Who wants to be a Physiology Millionaire?
... that is colorless in acids and turns pink in bases. Which level would turn the phenolpthalein pink? A - 1 B-3 C-7 D-9 ...
... that is colorless in acids and turns pink in bases. Which level would turn the phenolpthalein pink? A - 1 B-3 C-7 D-9 ...
Oxidation
... PHOTOSYSTEM (chlorophyll a , accessory pigments and protein matrix and the reaction centre (chlorophyll a , primary electron acceptor and protein matrix) • Photosystem 1 is effective at 700 nm • Photosystem II is effective at 680 nm. • They work together to bring about non cyclic electron ...
... PHOTOSYSTEM (chlorophyll a , accessory pigments and protein matrix and the reaction centre (chlorophyll a , primary electron acceptor and protein matrix) • Photosystem 1 is effective at 700 nm • Photosystem II is effective at 680 nm. • They work together to bring about non cyclic electron ...
Chapter 5 Bacterial Metabolism
... • This is why the process is referred to as the electron transport chain because it helps transfer electrons down a chain of cytochromes to be finally transferred to an oxygen molecule • The final stage of the electron transport is were the electron pair is accepted by oxygen • The oxygen then requi ...
... • This is why the process is referred to as the electron transport chain because it helps transfer electrons down a chain of cytochromes to be finally transferred to an oxygen molecule • The final stage of the electron transport is were the electron pair is accepted by oxygen • The oxygen then requi ...
Chapter 8 Lecture Notes - Science Learning Center
... Cell Respiration The overall reaction for cell respiration is: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (this reaction is the reverse of photosynthesis) There are three stages to cell respiration: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... Cell Respiration The overall reaction for cell respiration is: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (this reaction is the reverse of photosynthesis) There are three stages to cell respiration: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation. ...
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... – Carbonyl group released as CO2 – NAD+ reduced to NADH – Leaves Acetyl--picked up by CoA & becomes Acetyl CoA ...
... – Carbonyl group released as CO2 – NAD+ reduced to NADH – Leaves Acetyl--picked up by CoA & becomes Acetyl CoA ...
A2 Respiration test
... The mitochondria were placed in a well oxygenated liquid with a water potential equal to the water potential of their contents. At time A, an end-product of glycolysis was added to the liquid. At times B, C and D, ADP was ...
... The mitochondria were placed in a well oxygenated liquid with a water potential equal to the water potential of their contents. At time A, an end-product of glycolysis was added to the liquid. At times B, C and D, ADP was ...
CLASS COPY Macromolecules, Membranes, and Transport Practice
... Type of Transport (active or passive) ...
... Type of Transport (active or passive) ...
Cellular Respiration II PPT
... mitochondrial matrix, where there is plenty of room for all of the intermediate molecules and enzymes. • The main goal is to produce as many NADH and FADH2 as possible, from each Acetyl Coenzyme A molecule that enters the cycle. • 6 NADH total, 2 FADH2 total, 4 CO2, and 2 ATP are produced. ...
... mitochondrial matrix, where there is plenty of room for all of the intermediate molecules and enzymes. • The main goal is to produce as many NADH and FADH2 as possible, from each Acetyl Coenzyme A molecule that enters the cycle. • 6 NADH total, 2 FADH2 total, 4 CO2, and 2 ATP are produced. ...
Oxidative phosphorylation RESP312
... Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane leading to proton leak as they allow protons to reenter the mitochondrial matrix with no accompanying synthesis of ATP (no phosphorylation of ADP to ATP). No energy is utilized for the process of ATP synthesis, although ETC i ...
... Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane leading to proton leak as they allow protons to reenter the mitochondrial matrix with no accompanying synthesis of ATP (no phosphorylation of ADP to ATP). No energy is utilized for the process of ATP synthesis, although ETC i ...
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
... • Inner mitochondrial membrane • Is the final common pathway by which electrons from food molecules are used to make ATP and molecular oxygen acts as the final acceptor of the electrons ...
... • Inner mitochondrial membrane • Is the final common pathway by which electrons from food molecules are used to make ATP and molecular oxygen acts as the final acceptor of the electrons ...
ATP - LSU School of Medicine
... • Inner mitochondrial membrane • Is the final common pathway by which electrons from food molecules are used to make ATP and molecular oxygen acts as the final acceptor of the electrons ...
... • Inner mitochondrial membrane • Is the final common pathway by which electrons from food molecules are used to make ATP and molecular oxygen acts as the final acceptor of the electrons ...
Lecture 12
... c. Photon: ejects electron from TMP (oxidize it) d. Innermost membrane e. Set of TMPs hand off electrons, converting energy from photon to energy in electrons f. Energy in electrons goes to proton (H+) pump g. Now we have PSI (equation) III. PSII a. Pigment TMPs cluster so energy from many photons c ...
... c. Photon: ejects electron from TMP (oxidize it) d. Innermost membrane e. Set of TMPs hand off electrons, converting energy from photon to energy in electrons f. Energy in electrons goes to proton (H+) pump g. Now we have PSI (equation) III. PSII a. Pigment TMPs cluster so energy from many photons c ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.