![Chapter 9 Notes](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/013321201_1-c7c4259bc92c96b0ced8e7162786635a-300x300.png)
Chapter 9 Notes
... Cellular respiration relies on oxygen to produce ATP – in the absence of oxygen cells can still produce ATP through fermentation • Fermentation recharges NAD+ pool so glycolysis can continue in absence of oxygen • Glycolysis can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions ...
... Cellular respiration relies on oxygen to produce ATP – in the absence of oxygen cells can still produce ATP through fermentation • Fermentation recharges NAD+ pool so glycolysis can continue in absence of oxygen • Glycolysis can produce ATP with or without oxygen, in aerobic or anaerobic conditions ...
Intracellular Respiration
... electrons that are relocated from food to ATP through a series of redox reactions 1. oxidation – the loss of electrons (usually pulled by electronegative oxygen) a. in respiration Glucose is oxidized, releasing energy b. Oxygen, in turn, is reduced 2.reduction the addition of electrons 3. hydrocarbo ...
... electrons that are relocated from food to ATP through a series of redox reactions 1. oxidation – the loss of electrons (usually pulled by electronegative oxygen) a. in respiration Glucose is oxidized, releasing energy b. Oxygen, in turn, is reduced 2.reduction the addition of electrons 3. hydrocarbo ...
Cellular Respiration: - Multiple Choice Questions Answer all
... In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about 5 X the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes, and about 17 X that of the cell's plasma membrane. What ...
... In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about 5 X the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes, and about 17 X that of the cell's plasma membrane. What ...
Chapter 2 Worksheet: Chemistry of Life
... d. Compound: Two of more different atoms or elements joined together. Ex: Salt = e. Covalent Bond: Two or more atoms sharing electrons to form a molecule. Covalent bonds make molecules, ex: Water, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen Gas f. Hydrogen Bond: A weak chemical attraction between polar molecules. Ex ...
... d. Compound: Two of more different atoms or elements joined together. Ex: Salt = e. Covalent Bond: Two or more atoms sharing electrons to form a molecule. Covalent bonds make molecules, ex: Water, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen Gas f. Hydrogen Bond: A weak chemical attraction between polar molecules. Ex ...
Discussion Questions for Week 5: HWA Pages 167-177
... 4. For each electron pair that originally comes from NADH and passes completely through the electron transport system, how many ATPs are produced? 5. The production of lactic acid in anaerobic conditions can be both a benefit and a disadvantage. Explain why. 6. Phosphagens can be used to produce ATP ...
... 4. For each electron pair that originally comes from NADH and passes completely through the electron transport system, how many ATPs are produced? 5. The production of lactic acid in anaerobic conditions can be both a benefit and a disadvantage. Explain why. 6. Phosphagens can be used to produce ATP ...
Introductory Microbiology Chap. 5 Chapter Outlines/Notes I
... Remember, some electron carriers carry hydrogen atoms (1e- & 1p+), others only carry e-. So what happens to the protons in the H atoms when an electron carrier only picks up the e-? 3) The protons are pumped out of the cell (through the plasma membrane) & the electron is then passed to other electro ...
... Remember, some electron carriers carry hydrogen atoms (1e- & 1p+), others only carry e-. So what happens to the protons in the H atoms when an electron carrier only picks up the e-? 3) The protons are pumped out of the cell (through the plasma membrane) & the electron is then passed to other electro ...
Energy Review - MrsAllisonMagee
... and physically separate where the Calvin Cycle takes place • Corn, sugarcane ...
... and physically separate where the Calvin Cycle takes place • Corn, sugarcane ...
Electron transport chain
... electron transport chain -> proton-motive force -> ATP. • One six-carbon glucose molecule is oxidized to 6 CO2 molecules. • Some ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but most ATP comes from oxidative phosphorylation (through electron transport cha ...
... electron transport chain -> proton-motive force -> ATP. • One six-carbon glucose molecule is oxidized to 6 CO2 molecules. • Some ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but most ATP comes from oxidative phosphorylation (through electron transport cha ...
Review 1st Qtr KEY
... 3. For an electron in an atom to change from the ground state to an excited state, a. energy must be released. b. energy must be absorbed. c. radiation must be emitted. d. the electron must make a transition from a higher to a lower energy level. ...
... 3. For an electron in an atom to change from the ground state to an excited state, a. energy must be released. b. energy must be absorbed. c. radiation must be emitted. d. the electron must make a transition from a higher to a lower energy level. ...
EXAM 2 Fall2007.doc
... c. free energy always increases. d. free energy always decreases. e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with catabolic reactions. 8. Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of a. DNA. b RNA. c proteins. d nucleoli. e glucose 9. The electron transport chain utilized to make ATP during photosynthesi ...
... c. free energy always increases. d. free energy always decreases. e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with catabolic reactions. 8. Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of a. DNA. b RNA. c proteins. d nucleoli. e glucose 9. The electron transport chain utilized to make ATP during photosynthesi ...
Photosynthesis in nature
... are added to the cycle • 2- Reduction - NADPH and ATP are used • 3- Regeneration – RuBP is ...
... are added to the cycle • 2- Reduction - NADPH and ATP are used • 3- Regeneration – RuBP is ...
Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism (Part I)
... ATP Production Some of the energy released in oxidationreduction processes is trapped as ATP; the rest is lost as heat. Phosphorylation reaction: ADP + Energy + P ---------> ATP There are three different mechanisms of ATP phosphorylation in living organisms: 1. Substrate-Level Phosphorylation: Di ...
... ATP Production Some of the energy released in oxidationreduction processes is trapped as ATP; the rest is lost as heat. Phosphorylation reaction: ADP + Energy + P ---------> ATP There are three different mechanisms of ATP phosphorylation in living organisms: 1. Substrate-Level Phosphorylation: Di ...
Cellular Respiration PPT
... Cells, of course don’t burn glucose, instead they gradually release energy from glucose and other food compounds. Release of energy from glucose occurs in 3 steps The pathway begins with Glycolysis Then Krebs Cycle And then Electron Transport Chain ...
... Cells, of course don’t burn glucose, instead they gradually release energy from glucose and other food compounds. Release of energy from glucose occurs in 3 steps The pathway begins with Glycolysis Then Krebs Cycle And then Electron Transport Chain ...
Nutrition and metabolism
... – is an important component of bile salts; formation of vitamin D, plasma membrane and steroid hormones – 15% from the diet - the rest is made from acetyl CoA in the liver, ...
... – is an important component of bile salts; formation of vitamin D, plasma membrane and steroid hormones – 15% from the diet - the rest is made from acetyl CoA in the liver, ...
Citric Acid Cycle 1 - Indiana University
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic g ...
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic g ...
Citric Acid Cycle 1
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic gr ...
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic gr ...
Introduction to Metabolism
... - allosteric control (binding of an effector at one site affects enzyme activity at another site). - covalent control (phosphorylation, adenylylation, etc). ...
... - allosteric control (binding of an effector at one site affects enzyme activity at another site). - covalent control (phosphorylation, adenylylation, etc). ...
LT AP BIO
... From this point, each turn 2 C atoms enter (acetyl CoA) and 2 exit (carbon dioxide) Acetyl CoA combines with Oxaloacetate to form Citric acid (why it is also called citric acid cycle) Oxaloacetate is regenerated (the “cycle”) For each pyruvate that enters: 3 NAD+ reduced to NADH; 1 FAD+ reduced to F ...
... From this point, each turn 2 C atoms enter (acetyl CoA) and 2 exit (carbon dioxide) Acetyl CoA combines with Oxaloacetate to form Citric acid (why it is also called citric acid cycle) Oxaloacetate is regenerated (the “cycle”) For each pyruvate that enters: 3 NAD+ reduced to NADH; 1 FAD+ reduced to F ...
Cellular Respiration and ATP
... acid or ethanol (ethyl alcohol) • Small amount of ATP produced • Alcoholic fermentation—occurs in plants/bacteria/fungi • Lactic acid fermentation—occurs in animals/bacteria – Ex: lactic acid builds up in muscles, causes pH changes—hurts ...
... acid or ethanol (ethyl alcohol) • Small amount of ATP produced • Alcoholic fermentation—occurs in plants/bacteria/fungi • Lactic acid fermentation—occurs in animals/bacteria – Ex: lactic acid builds up in muscles, causes pH changes—hurts ...
Respiration
... Krebs cycle = citric acid cycle Electron transport chain = respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation ...
... Krebs cycle = citric acid cycle Electron transport chain = respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation ...
SBI4U: Respiration and Photosynthesis Test
... 2). Describe the meaning of the term chemiosmosis and its role in the production of energy for the cell. [3] 3). Cellular respiration is controlled by feedback loops. Explain what this means, using an ...
... 2). Describe the meaning of the term chemiosmosis and its role in the production of energy for the cell. [3] 3). Cellular respiration is controlled by feedback loops. Explain what this means, using an ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration, Harvesting Chemical Energy
... ATP synthase is a protein complex that populates the inner membrane of the mitochondrion o It uses the movement of H+ ions in order to fuel the synthesis of ATP ATP Synthase is composed of four parts, each made up of multiple polypeptide o A rotor, knob, internal rob, and stator. Hydrogen ions flow ...
... ATP synthase is a protein complex that populates the inner membrane of the mitochondrion o It uses the movement of H+ ions in order to fuel the synthesis of ATP ATP Synthase is composed of four parts, each made up of multiple polypeptide o A rotor, knob, internal rob, and stator. Hydrogen ions flow ...
File - Ms. Daley Science
... Refer to the information above. Do the plants produce carbon dioxide? a) Yes, but only at night when the plants can no longer early on photosynthesis. 42) Yes, carbon dioxide is produced all the time as a result of cell respiration. c) No, carbon dioxide is a waste product of animals only. d) No, pl ...
... Refer to the information above. Do the plants produce carbon dioxide? a) Yes, but only at night when the plants can no longer early on photosynthesis. 42) Yes, carbon dioxide is produced all the time as a result of cell respiration. c) No, carbon dioxide is a waste product of animals only. d) No, pl ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.